2022 ACC/AHA guideline for the diagnosis and management of aortic disease: a report of the American heart association/American college of cardiology joint committee on clinical practice guidelines
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AIM: The "2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the diagnosis, genetic evaluation and family screening, medical therapy, endovascular and surgical treatment, and long-term surveillance of patients with aortic disease across its multiple clinical presentation subsets (ie, asymptomatic, stable symptomatic, and acute aortic syndromes). METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 2021 to April 2021, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINHL Complete, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through June 2022 during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee, where appropriate. Structure: Recommendations from previously published AHA/ACC guidelines on thoracic aortic disease, peripheral artery disease, and bicuspid aortic valve disease have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing comprehensive care for patients with aortic disease have been developed. There is added emphasis on the role of shared decision making, especially in the management of patients with aortic disease both before and during pregnancy. The is also an increased emphasis on the importance of institutional interventional volume and multidisciplinary aortic team expertise in the care of patients with aortic disease.
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Beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers, or both have been shown to prevent aortic dilation and aortic dissections in individuals with other aortopathy conditions.
“Medical therapy of hypertension for individuals with TS and aortic dilation should preferably include a beta-blocker, angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), or both, which have been shown to prevent aortic dilation and aortic dissections in individuals with other aortopathy conditions.439”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [439]
Applying the current absolute diameter thresholds for aortic dilation (>4.0 cm) or aneurysm (>4.5 cm) to adults with TS would almost certainly lead to delayed recognition of aortic disease.
“In this context, applying the current absolute diameter thresholds for aortic dilation (>4.0 cm) or aneurysm (>4.5 cm) to adults with TS would almost certainly lead to delayed recognition of aortic disease.439”
From Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. (2024) · cites this paper as [439]
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2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of peripheral arterial and aortic diseases
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EACTS/STS Guidelines for Diagnosing and Treating Acute and Chronic Syndromes of the Aortic Organ
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2025 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease and pregnancy
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Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome.
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Mendelian Randomization as a Tool for Cardiovascular Research
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Unveiling cellular and molecular aspects of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections
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Aortic aneurysms in a general population cohort: prevalence and risk factors in men and women
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Coarctation of the Aorta: Modern Paradigms Across the Lifespan
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Evaluation and management of hypertensive emergency
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Imaging Methods for Evaluation of Chronic Aortic Regurgitation in Adults
Ranard, L. S., Bonow, R. O., Nishimura, R. A., Mack, M. J., Thourani, V. H., Bavaria, J. E., O’Gara, P. T., Bax, J. J., Blanke, P., Delgado, V., et al. (2023) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2023.08.051 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
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Marfan Syndrome: Enhanced Diagnostic Tools and Follow-up Management Strategies
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Thoracic Aorta: Anatomy and Pathology
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Sex differences in type A acute aortic dissection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Targeting metabolism in aortic aneurysm and dissection: from basic research to clinical applications
Wang, Q., Yesitayi, G., Liu, B., Siti, D., Ainiwan, M., Aizitiaili, A., & Ma, X. (2023) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.85467 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Type A aortic dissection: optimal annual case volume for surgery
Kawczynski, M. J., van Kuijk, S. M. J., Olsthoorn, J. R., Maessen, J. G., Kats, S., Bidar, E., & Heuts, S. (2023) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad551 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Song, W., Chen, Y., Qin, L., Xu, X., Sun, Y., Zhong, M., Lu, Y., Hu, K. R., Wei, L., & Chen, J. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22857 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Management of aortic disease in children with FBN1-related Marfan syndrome
Mosquera, L. M., Cervi, E., Groote, K. D., Dewals, W., Fejzic, Z., Kazamia, K., Mathur, S., Milleron, O., Mir, T. S., Nielsen, D. G., et al. (2024) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehae526 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“22 Kaiser and colleagues 55 published a data set to calculate z -scores for thoracic aorta diameters derived from MRI in children.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBicuspid aortic valve associated aortopathy: 2022 guideline update
Verma, R., Cohen, G. N., Colbert, J. D., & Fedak, P. W. M. (2022) · Current Opinion in Cardiology · doi:10.1097/hco.0000000000001020 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Zimmermann, J., Bäumler, K., Loecher, M., Cork, T. E., Marsden, A. L., Ennis, D. B., & Fleischmann, D. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-49942-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“According to latest guidelines 6 , preventive thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) may be considered for TBAD; nevertheless, the role and timing of TEVAR remains an evolving matter of debate.”
Aging aggravates aortic aneurysm and dissection via miR-1204-MYLK signaling axis in mice
Liu, Z.-L., Li, Y., Lin, Y.-J., Shi, M., Fu, M., Li, Z., Ning, D.-S., Zeng, X.-M., Liu, X., Cui, Q.-H., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50036-2 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“Aortic dissection (AD) and aneurysms, including thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), are potentially fatal diseases 1,2 .”
Kim, E. S. H., Arya, S., Bryce, Y. C. D., Gornik, H. L., Long, C. A., McDermott, M. M., Pollak, A. W., Rowe, V. L., Sullivan, A. E., & Whipple, M. O. (2025) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001310 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Trimarchi, S., Czerny, M., Haulon, S., van Herwaarden, J. A., de Kort, J. F., Roselli, E. E., Schermerhorn, M. L., Upchurch, G. R., Wanhainen, A., Boyle, J. R., et al. (2025) · European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2025.05.023 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Feyter, S. D., Beyens, A., & Callewaert, B. L. (2023) · Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease · doi:10.1002/jimd.12590 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The AORTA Gene score for detection and risk stratification of ascending aortic dilation
Pirruccello, J. P., Khurshid, S. S., Lin, H., Weng, L.-C. C., Zamirpour, S., Kany, S., Raghavan, A., Koyama, S., Vasan, R. S., Benjamin, E. J., et al. (2024) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehae474 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Imran, M. A., Krebs, J. R., Gopu, V. R. R., Fazzone, B. J., Sivaraman, V. B., Kumar, A., Viscardi, C., Heithaus, R. E., Shickel, B., Zhou, Y., et al. (2024) · Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics · doi:10.1016/j.compmedimag.2024.102470 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Skovbo, J. S., Krasniqi, L., Obel, L. M., Kavaliūnaitė, E., Liisberg, M., & Lindholt, J. S. (2023) · European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2023.11.037 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Gurvitz, M. Z., Krieger, E. V., Fuller, S., Davis, L. L., Kittleson, M. M., Aboulhosn, J., Bradley, E. A., Buber, J., Daniels, C. J., Dimopoulos, K., et al. (2025) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001402 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Advantages of Photon-Counting Detector CT in Aortic Imaging
Zanon, C., Cademartiri, F., Toniolo, A., Bini, C., Clemente, A., Colacchio, E. C., Cabrelle, G., Mastro, F. R., Antonello, M., Quaia, E., et al. (2023) · Tomography · doi:10.3390/tomography10010001 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“ELs was the most common complication (53% of all complications), with an incidence of 11.7% [34,35].”
BackgroundInfluentialLeszto, K., Biskup, L., Korona, K., Marcinkowska, W., Możdżan, M., Węgiel, A., Młynarska, E., Rysz, J., & Franczyk, B. (2024) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox13060688 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“Arterial stiffness, which also plays a significant role in hypertension, is associated with vascular remodeling characterized by changes in vessel structure and function [72].”
BackgroundLifetime Management for Aortic Stenosis: Strategy and Decision-Making in the Current Era
Chen, S., Pop, A. M., Dasi, L. P., & George, I. (2024) · The Annals of Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2024.05.047 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Antiplatelet Therapy, Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Progression, and Clinical Outcomes
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Mastrobuoni, S., Govers, P. J., Veen, K. M., Jahanyar, J., van Saane, S., Segreto, A., Zanella, L., de Kerchove, L., Takkenberg, J. J. M., & Arabkhani, B. (2023) · Annals of Cardiothoracic Surgery · doi:10.21037/acs-2023-avs1-0038 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Asta, L., D’Angelo, G. A., Marinelli, D., & Benedetto, U. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20166615 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Benson, T. W., Pike, M., Spuzzillo, A. R., Hicks, S. M., Ali, S. A., Pham, M., Mix, D., Brunner, S. I., Wadding-Lee, C., Conrad, K. A., et al. (2024) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2023021655 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Cerebral Protection Strategies and Stroke in Surgery for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
Pitts, L., Kofler, M., Montagner, M., Heck, R., Iske, J., Buz, S., Kurz, S. D., Starck, C. T., Falk, V., & Kempfert, J. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12062271 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Tian, C., Chen, Y., Xu, B., Tan, X., & Zhu, Z. (2024) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/s12933-024-02385-x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“The incidence of abdominal AA in men from 65 to 75 years of age is approximately 1.9% [8], while thoracic AA occurs at a rate of 5–10 per 100,000 person-years in the general population [9].”
BackgroundInfluentialSzeto, W. Y., Fukuhara, S., Fleischman, F., Sultan, I. S., Brinkman, W. T., Arnaoutakis, G. J., Takayama, H., Eudailey, K. W., Brinster, D. R., Jassar, A. S., et al. (2024) · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2024.07.059 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Emergency Department Triage Accuracy and Delays in Care for High-Risk Conditions
Sax, D. R., Warton, E. M., Mark, D. G., & Reed, M. E. (2025) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.8498 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Collaborators, G., & Roth, G. A. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5392535 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Tretter, J. T., Burbano-Vera, N. H., & Najm, H. K. (2023) · Annals of Cardiothoracic Surgery · doi:10.21037/acs-2023-avs2-0040 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Depression and cardiovascular disease: mind the gap in the guidelines
Armon, D. B., Buhayer, A., Miteva, K., Meinlschmidt, G., Dobretz, K., Zuccarella‐Hackl, C., Appenzeller‐Herzog, C., Mach, F., & Battegay, E. J. (2025) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf479 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Caruana, M., Baars, M. J. H., Bashiardes, E., Benke, K., Björck, E., Codreanu, A., Rubio, E. D. M., Dumfarth, J., Evangelista, A., Groenink, M., et al. (2022) · European Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104673 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Sá, M. P., Jacquemyn, X., den Eynde, J. V., Chu, D., Serna-Gallegos, D. R., Singh, M. J., Chaer, R. A., & Sultan, I. S. (2023) · European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2023.07.004 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Immune cell dynamics and their role in cardiac injury: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications
Liu, C., Wu, R., Yang, H., & Yao, Y.-M. (2025) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118608 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Mazzaccaro, D. P., Righini, P., Fancoli, F., Giannetta, M., Modafferi, A., Malacrida, G., & Nano, G. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12082903 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Mandigers, T. J., Allievi, S., Jabbour, G., Gómez-Mayorga, J. L., Caron, E., Giles, K. A., Wang, G. J., van Herwaarden, J. A., Trimarchi, S., Scali, S. T., et al. (2024) · Journal of Vascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2024.06.018 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
ANK Deficiency-Mediated Cytosolic Citrate Accumulation Promotes Aortic Aneurysm
Wu, H., Li, Z., Yang, L., He, L., Liu, H., Yang, S., Xu, Q., Li, Y., Li, W., Li, Y., et al. (2024) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.124.325152 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The Role of Genetic Testing in Patients with Heritable Thoracic Aortic Diseases
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Aortic Size at the Time of Type A and Type B Dissections
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“According to the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 80 and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, 11 treatment of AAAs with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and beta-blockers is a Class IIa recommendation, meaning the benefits of the…”
- Authors
- Isselbacher, E. M., Preventza, O., Hamilton Black, J., Augoustides, J. G., Beck, A. W., Bolen, M. A., Braverman, A. C., Bray, B. E., Brown-Zimmerman, M. M., Chen, E. P., Collins, T. J., DeAnda, A., Fanola, C. L., Girardi, L. N., Hicks, C. W., Hui, D. S., Schuyler Jones, W., Kalahasti, V., Kim, K. M., Milewicz, D. M., Oderich, G. S., Ogbechie, L., Promes, S. B., Gyang Ross, E., Schermerhorn, M. L., Singleton Times, S., Tseng, E. E., Wang, G. J., Woo, Y. J., Faxon, D. P., Upchurch, G. R., Aday, A. W., Azizzadeh, A., Boisen, M., Hawkins, B., Kramer, C. M., Luc, J. G. Y., MacGillivray, T. E., Malaisrie, S. C., Osteen, K., Patel, H. J., Patel, P. J., Popescu, W. M., Rodriguez, E., Sorber, R., Tsao, P. S., & Santos Volgman, A.
- Affiliations
- SCA representative.
- ACR representative.
- American Heart Association (US)
- Lay stakeholder representative.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (DE)
- AATS representative.
- American Hospital Association (US)
- AHA/ACC Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines liaison.
- STS representative.
- SVS representative.
- AHA/ACC staff representative.
- ORCID
- Isselbacher, Eric M.
- Preventza, Ourania
- Augoustides, John G.
- Beck, Adam W.
- Bolen, Michael A.
- Braverman, Alan C.
- Bray, Bruce E.
- Chen, Edward P.
- DeAnda, Abe
- Fanola, Christina L.
- Girardi, Leonard N.
- Hicks, Caitlin W.
- Hui, Dawn S.
- Kalahasti, Vidyasagar
- Kim, Karen M.
- Milewicz, Dianna M.
- Oderich, Gustavo S.
- Promes, Susan B.
- Schermerhorn, Marc L.
- Tseng, Elaine E.
- Upchurch, Gilbert R.
- Aday, Aaron W.
- Azizzadeh, Ali
- Boisen, Michael
- Kramer, Christopher M.
- Luc, Jessica G.Y.
- MacGillivray, Thomas E.
- Osteen, Kathryn
- Patel, Himanshu J.
- Patel, Parag J.
- Popescu, Wanda M.
- Sorber, Rebecca
- Tsao, Philip S.
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2022-12-13
- Volume
- 146
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- e334-e482
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- PMC
- PMC9876736
- OpenAlex
- W4307934708
- Cited by
- 2,082
- References
- 1,104
- Citations by year
- 2026: 600 · 2025: 569 · 2024: 554 · 2023: 348 · 2022: 9
- FWCI
- 239.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- American Heart Association
- Massachusetts General Hospital
- American College of Cardiology Foundation
- University of Pennsylvania
- CryoLife
- Office of Science
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23DK124515)
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Aortic Disease and Treatment Approaches
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Connective tissue disorders research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Aortic aneurysm repair treatments
- Keywords
- aortic disease, thoracic aortic disease, acute aortic syndrome, aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, bicuspid aortic valve disease, peripheral arterial disease, genetic evaluation, family screening, endovascular repair, aortic surgery, long-term surveillance, shared decision-making, pregnancy
- MeSH terms
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease, American Heart Association, Aortic Diseases, Cardiology, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, United States, Research Report
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