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Updated Worldwide Survey on the Methods, Efficacy, and Safety of Catheter Ablation for Human Atrial Fibrillation
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to provide an updated worldwide report on the methods, efficacy, and safety of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS AND RESULTS: A questionnaire with 46 questions was sent to 521 centers from 24 countries in 4 continents. Complete interviews were collected from 182 centers, of which 85 reported to have performed 20,825 catheter ablation procedures on 16,309 patients with AF between 2003 and 2006. The median number of procedures per center was 245 (range, 2 to 2715). All centers included paroxysmal AF, 85.9% also included persistent and 47.1% also included long-lasting AF. Carto-guided left atrial circumferential ablation (48.2% of patients) and Lasso-guided ostial electric disconnection (27.4%) were the most commonly used techniques. Efficacy data were analyzed with centers representing the unit of analysis. Of 16,309 patients with full disclosure of outcome data, 10 488 (median, 70.0%; interquartile range, 57.7% to 75.4%) became asymptomatic without antiarrhythmic drugs and another 2047 (10.0%; 0.5% to 17.1%) became asymptomatic in the presence of previously ineffective antiarrhythmic drugs over 18 (range, 3 to 24) months of follow-up. Success rates free of antiarrhythmic drugs and overall success rates were significantly larger in 9590 patients with paroxysmal AF (74.9% and 83.2%) than in 2800 patients with persistent AF (64.8% and 75.0%) and 1108 patients with long-lasting AF (63.1% and 72.3%) (P<0.0001). Major complications were reported in 741 patients (4.5%). CONCLUSIONS: When analyzed in a large number of electrophysiology laboratories worldwide, catheter ablation of AF shows to be effective in approximately 80% of patients after 1.3 procedures per patient, with approximately 70% of them not requiring further antiarrhythmic drugs during intermediate follow-up.
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“In patients who experience symptomatic recurrences of AF despite antiarrhythmic drug therapy, all RCTs showed better sinus rhythm maintenance with catheter ablation than on antiarrhythmic drugs.586,713,727,728”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [727]
In the citing paper
“Five to seven per cent of patients will suffer severe complications after catheter ablation of AF, and 2-3% will experience life-threatening but usually manageable complications.727,[748][749][750]”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [727]
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“Study characteristics deemed eligible for inclusion were the following: (1) patient underwent surgical or percutaneous ablation for AF, (2) documented development of AEF after procedure, and (3) published in English language.”
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“Ablation procedures for circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) by encircling the pulmonary vein (PV) antrum have become the therapy of choice for drugrefractory symptomatic focal atrial fibrillation (AF) (1), with a continual increase in the number of procedures performed annually (2).”
BackgroundMALCOLME‐LAWES, L. C., Juli, C. F., Karim, R., Bai, W., Quest, R. A., Lim, P. B., Jamil‐Copley, S., Kojodjojo, P., Ariff, B., Davies, D. W., et al. (2013) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.04.030 · Cited by 151
“LGE CMR and procedural outcome Persistent AF and increased atrial size are the only current predictors of reduced procedural success from AF ablation in the literature.(1,22) In our PAF population with relatively normal LA size, preexisting atrial scarring detected by LGE CMR identified patients who were more likely t…”
BackgroundPulmonary Vein Antral Isolation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Results from Long-Term Follow-Up
MEDI, C., SPARKS, P. B., Morton, J. B., Kistler, P. M., Halloran, K. M., Rosso, R., Vohra, J. K., Kumar, S., & Kalman, J. M. (2010) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01885.x · Cited by 151
Outcomes of Medicare Beneficiaries Undergoing Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Piccini, J. P., Sinner, M. F., Greiner, M. A., Hammill, B. G., Fontes, J. D., Daubert, J. P., Ellinor, P. T., Hernandez, A. F., Walkey, A. J., Heckbert, S. R., et al. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.112.109330 · Cited by 150
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Diener, H., Aisenberg, J., Ansell, J., Atar, D., BREITHARDT, G. E., Eikelboom, J. W., Ezekowitz, M. D., Granger, C. B., Halperin, J. L., Hohnloser, S. H., et al. (2016) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv643 · Cited by 147
“Thromboembolic events are among the most serious procedurerelated complications, with an incidence between 1 and 5%.(24) – 28 Silent brain lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging are common after AF ablation (10–15% of patients),(29) but their clinical relevance and implications for long-term cognitive decline…”
BackgroundRhythm control in atrial fibrillation
Piccini, J. P., & Fauchier, L. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31277-6 · Cited by 147
Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: An Overview for Clinicians
Mujović, N. M., Marinković, M. M., Lenarczyk, R., Tilz, R. R., & Potpara, T. (2017) · Advances in Therapy · doi:10.1007/s12325-017-0590-z · Cited by 147
“for the procedure, and this technology has the longest post-ablation follow-up data [2, 3, 6, 22].”
BackgroundMethodStroke and thromboembolism prevention in atrial fibrillation
Jamé, S., & Barnes, G. D. (2019) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2019-314898 · Cited by 147
Wynn, G. J., Das, M., Bonnett, L. J., Panikker, S., Wong, T., & Gupta, D. (2014) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.114.001759 · Cited by 146
Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy of Posterior Wall Isolation During Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Thiyagarajah, A., Kadhim, K., Lau, D. H., Emami, M., Linz, D., Khokhar, K. B., Munawar, D. A., Mishima, R. S., Malik, V., O’Shea, C., et al. (2019) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.118.007005 · Cited by 145
Dabigatran vs warfarin for radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
Kim, J. S., She, F., Jongnarangsin, K., Chugh, A., Latchamsetty, R., Ghanbari, H., Crawford, T. C., Suwanagool, A., Sinno, M., Carrigan, T., et al. (2012) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.12.011 · Cited by 145
Kowalski, M., Grimes, M. M., Perez, F. J., Kenigsberg, D. N., Koneru, J. N., Kasirajan, V., Wood, M. A., & Ellenbogen, K. A. (2012) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.09.076 · Cited by 143
“The success rate at 12 months for patients at experienced centers is approximately 70%, with wide variability in reported successful outcomes (2).”
BackgroundSteinbeck, G., Sinner, M. F., Lutz, M., Müller‐Nurasyid, M., Kääb, S., & Reinecke, H. (2018) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy452 · Cited by 143
“5%.(4,10) Yet, the incidence of vascular complications alone may vary markedly(23) with female sex, age >75 years, and presence of hypertensive heart disease being associated with a higher risk for complications.”
BackgroundKirchhof, P. F., BREITHARDT, G. E., Bax, J. J., Benninger, G., Blomström‐Lundqvist, C., Boriani, G., Brandes, A., Brown, H., Brueckmann, M., Calkins, H. G., et al. (2015) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euv304 · Cited by 143
“Hybrid therapy, defined as the use of antiarrhythmic drug therapy more than 3 months following an ablation to reduce symptoms and/or episodes of AF, is a common therapeutic concept in AF patients.(101,102,103) While it is common practice to stop antiarrhythmic drugs a few weeks or months after Table 6 Quality indicato…”
BackgroundPulmonary Vein Total Occlusion Following Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Biase, L. D., Fahmy, T. S. E., Wazni, O. M., Bai, R., Patel, D., Lakkireddy, D., Cummings, J. E., Schweikert, R. A., Burkhardt, J. D., Elayi, C. S., et al. (2006) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.08.038 · Cited by 140
Kaitani, K., Inoue, K., Kobori, A., Nakazawa, Y., Ozawa, T., Kurotobi, T., Morishima, I., Miura, F., Watanabe, T., Masuda, M., et al. (2015) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv501 · Cited by 140
Machino‐Ohtsuka, T., Seo, Y., Ishizu, T., Sugano, A., Atsumi, A., Yamamoto, M., Kawamura, R., Machino, T., Kuroki, K., Yamasaki, H., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.07.020 · Cited by 139
Belle, Y. V., Janse, P., Theuns, D., Szili‐Törok, T., & Jordaens, L. J. L. M. (2008) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eun218 · Cited by 138
Renal Artery Stenosis After Renal Sympathetic Denervation
Kaltenbach, B., Id, D., Franke, J., Sievert, H., Hennersdorf, M., Maier, J., & Bertog, S. C. (2012) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.09.027 · Cited by 138
Chiang, C., Wu, T.-J., Ueng, K.-C., Chao, T., Chang, K., Wang, C.-C., Lin, Y., Yin, W., Kuo, J., Lin, W., et al. (2016) · Journal of the Formosan Medical Association · doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2016.10.005 · Cited by 138
Cognitive dysfunction in atrial fibrillation
Madhavan, M., Graff‐Radford, J., Piccini, J. P., & Gersh, B. J. (2018) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-018-0075-z · Cited by 146
Parkash, R., Tang, A., Sapp, J. L., & Wells, G. A. (2011) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02010.x · Cited by 137
Kistler, P. M., Rajappan, K., Harris, S., Earley, M. J., Richmond, L., Sporton, S. C., & SCHILLING, R. J. (2008) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehn453 · Cited by 137
Risk of Mortality Following Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Cheng, E. P., Liu, C. F., Yeo, I., Markowitz, S. M., Thomas, G., Ip, J. E., Kim, L. K., Lerman, B. B., & Cheung, J. W. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.08.1036 · Cited by 137
Prieto, L. R., Schoenhagen, P., Arruda, M., Natale, A., & Worley, S. E. (2008) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01110.x · Cited by 135
Bertaglia, E., Bella, P. E. D., Tondo, C., Proclemer, A., Bottoni, N., Ponti, R. D., Landolina, M., Bongiorni, M. G., Corò, L., Stabile, G., et al. (2009) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eup152 · Cited by 135
Linhart, M., Bellmann, B., Mittmann-Braun, E. L., SCHRICKEL, J. W., BITZEN, A., Andrié, R., Yang, A., Nickenig, G., Lickfett, L., & Lewalter, T. (2009) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2009.01560.x · Cited by 134
den Uijl, D. W., Delgado, V., Bertini, M., Tops, L. F., Trines, S. A. I. P., de Veire, N. R. V., Zeppenfeld, K., Schalij, M. J., & Bax, J. J. (2011) · Heart · doi:10.1136/hrt.2010.215335 · Cited by 133
Beinart, R., Abbara, S., Blum, A. R., Ferencik, M., Heist, E. K., Ruskin, J. N., & MANSOUR, M. C. (2011) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02100.x · Cited by 134
McDowell, K. S., Vadakkumpadan, F., Blake, R., Blauer, J. J. E., Plank, G., MacLeod, R., & Trayanova, N. A. (2013) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2013.05.025 · Cited by 133
“However, overall success rates for terminating AF via catheter ablation are low, with recent surveys reporting only 70% success (3).”
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Biase, L. D., Gaïta, F., Toso, E., Santangeli, P., Mohanty, P. K., Rutledge, N., Yan, X., Mohanty, S., Trivedi, C. G., Bai, R., et al. (2014) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.03.003 · Cited by 131
Computed Tomography‐Fluoroscopy Image Integration‐Guided Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Sra, J. S., Narayan, G. A., Krum, D. P., Malloy, A., Cooley, R., Bhatia, A., Dhala, A. A., Blanck, Z., Nangia, V., & Akhtar, M. (2007) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00734.x · Cited by 131
Effects of Sex on the Incidence of Cardiac Tamponade After Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Michowitz, Y., Rahkovich, M., Oral, H., Zado, E. S., Tilz, R. R., John, S., Denis, A., Biase, L. D., Winkle, R. A., Mikhaylov, E. N., et al. (2014) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.113.000760 · Cited by 131
“This may explain the lower rate of tamponade documented in our study as compared with that observed in the Medicare survey(18) and previous reports.(2,6,7) Figure 3.”
ResultGuidelines for Pharmacotherapy of Atrial Fibrillation (JCS 2008) : Digest Version
Ogawa, S., Aizawa, Y., Atarashi, H., Inoue, H., Kamakura, S., Koretsune, Y., Kumagai, K., Mitamura, H., Okumura, K., Sugi, K., et al. (2010) · Japanese Circulation Journal-english Edition · Cited by 130
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JCS/JHRS 2020 Guideline on Pharmacotherapy of Cardiac Arrhythmias
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Kühne, M., Suter, Y., Altmann, D., Ammann, P., Schaer, B. A., Osswald, S., & Sticherling, C. (2010) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.08.028 · Cited by 129
Halbfaß, P., Pavlov, B., Müller, P., Nentwich, K., Sonne, K., Barth, S., Hamm, K., Fochler, F., Mügge, A., Lüsebrink, U., et al. (2017) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.117.005233 · Cited by 129
Baman, T. S., Jongnarangsin, K., Chugh, A., Suwanagool, A., Guiot, A., Madenci, A. L., Walsh, S. P., ILG, K. J., Gupta, S. K., Latchamsetty, R., et al. (2011) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01995.x · Cited by 128
Nair, G. M., Nery, P. B., DIWAKARAMENON, S., Healey, J. S., Connolly, S. J., & Morillo, C. A. (2008) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01285.x · Cited by 128
Metadata
- Authors
- Cappato, R., Calkins, H., Chen, S.-A., Davies, W., Iesaka, Y., Kalman, J., Kim, Y.-H., Klein, G., Natale, A., Packer, D., Skanes, A., Ambrogi, F., & Biganzoli, E.
- Affiliations
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital (AU)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
- Published
- 2010-02
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 32-38
- ISSN
- 1941-3084 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-3149
- OpenAlex
- W2146673314
- Cited by
- 2,852
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 68 · 2022: 81 · 2021: 110 · 2020: 126 · 2019: 125 · 2018: 141 · 2017: 177 · 2016: 199 · 2015: 184 · 2014: 220 · 2013: 246 · 2012: 218
- FWCI
- 156.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
- Keywords
- catheter ablation, atrial fibrillation, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, persistent atrial fibrillation, ablation efficacy, ablation safety, procedural complications, CARTO system
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anticoagulants, Atrial Fibrillation, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Treatment Outcome, Catheter Ablation, Young Adult
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