Coronary Artery Calcium, Brain Function and Structure: The AGES-Reykjavik Study
Open accessAbstract
Background and Purpose— Several cardiovascular risk factors are associated with cognitive disorders in older persons. Little is known about the association of the burden of coronary atherosclerosis with brain structure and function. Methods— This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Age, Gene, Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study cohort of men and women born 1907 to 1935. Coronary artery calcification (CAC), a marker of atherosclerotic burden, was measured with CT. Memory, speed of processing, and executive function composites were calculated from a cognitive test battery. Dementia was assessed in a multistep procedure and diagnosed according to international guidelines. Quantitative data on total intracranial and tissue volumes (total, gray matter volume, white matter volume, and white matter lesion volume), cerebral infarcts, and cerebral microbleeds were obtained with brain MRI. The association of CAC with dementia (n=165 cases) and cognitive function in nondemented subjects (n=4085), and separately with MRI outcomes, was examined in multivariate models adjusting for demographic and vascular risk factors. Analyses tested whether brain structure mediated the associations of CAC to cognitive function. Results— Subjects with higher CAC were more likely to have dementia and lower cognitive scores, more likely to have lower white matter volume, gray matter volume, and total brain tissue, and to have more cerebral infarcts, cerebral microbleeds, and white matter lesions. The relations of cognitive performance and dementia to CAC were significantly attenuated when the models were adjusted for brain lesions and volumes. Conclusions— In a population-based sample, increasing atherosclerotic load assessed by CAC is associated with poorer cognitive performance and dementia, and these relations are mediated by evidence of brain pathology.
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At 1- or 6-year follow-up, cognitive decline in CABG patients was no different from controls with equivalent coronary artery disease burden who received medical treatment or PCI.
“However, at 1- or 6-year follow-up, the cognitive decline in these patients was no different from that observed in controls with an equivalent burden of coronary artery disease who opted for medical treatment or percutaneous coronary intervention.364,365”
From Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (2011) · cites this paper as [365]
The Analytical sample and Results sections examine coronary artery calcium and cognitive performance in the AGES-Reykjavik cohort. Although the Potential confounders section mentions prior bypass surgery or angioplasty as part of coronary heart disease history, our copy does not report 1- or 6-year cognitive decline after CABG compared with medical treatment or PCI. Searches for those follow-up comparisons found no supporting passage; page numbers were not available. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Vidal, J.-S., Sigurdsson, S., Jonsdottir, M. K., Eiriksdottir, G., Thorgeirsson, G., Kjartansson, O., Garcia, M. E., van Buchem, M. A., Harris, T. B., Gudnason, V., & Launer, L. J.
- Affiliations
- From LEDB (J.-S.V., M.E.G., T.B.H., L.J.L.), Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Md; The Icelandic Heart Association (S.S., M.K.J., G.E., O.K., V.G.), Kopavogur, Iceland; Faculty of Psychology (M.K.J.), University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine (G.T., V.G.), University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Department of Medicine (G.T.), Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland; Departments of Neurology and Radiology (O.K.), Landspitali...
- University of Iceland (IS)
- Venue
- Stroke
- Published
- 2010-05
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 891-897
- ISSN
- 0039-2499 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4628
- PMC
- PMC3298743
- OpenAlex
- W2147366626
- Cited by
- 139
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 6.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Stroke (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Hirsla (Landspítali University Hospital) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Hjartavernd (N01-AG-1-2100)
- National Institutes of Health (n01ag12100-57-0-2, N01-AG-1-2100)
- National Institute on Aging (N01-AG12100, N01-AG012100)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Z01HL004607)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- coronary artery calcification, atherosclerosis, dementia, cognitive function, white matter lesions, cerebral infarction, cerebral microbleeds, gray matter volume, brain tissue volume, cardiovascular risk factors, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Brain, Calcinosis, Cognition Disorders, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Vessels, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environment, Female, Humans, Iceland, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Cohort Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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