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Cited by 155Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesDevelopmental and Educational Neuropsychology

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evidence for Abnormalities in Response Selection in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Differences in Activation Associated with Response Inhibition but Not Habitual Motor Response

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Suskauer, Stacy J., Simmonds, Daniel J., Fotedar, Sunaina, Blankner, Joanna G., Pekar, James J., Denckla, Martha B., Mostofsky, Stewart H.·2008·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
DOI 10.1162/jocn.2008.20032PMC PMC2896028
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Abstract

Impaired response inhibition is thought to be a core deficit in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Prior imaging studies investigating response inhibition in children with ADHD have used tasks involving different cognitive resources, thereby complicating the interpretation of their findings. In this study, a classical go/no-go task with a well-ingrained stimulus-response association (green = go; red = no-go) was used in order to minimize extraneous cognitive demands. Twenty-five children with ADHD and 25 typically developing (TD) children between the ages of 8 and 13 years and group-matched for IQ and performance on the go/no-go task were studied using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Analyses were used to examine differences in activation between the ADHD and TD groups for "go" (habitual motor response) and "no-go" (requiring inhibition of the motor response) events. Region-of-interest analyses revealed no between-group difference in activation in association with "go" events. For "no-go" events, the children with ADHD demonstrated significantly less activation than did TD controls within a network important for inhibiting a motor response to a visual stimulus, with frontal differences localized to the pre-supplementary motor area. Although blood oxygenation level-dependent fMRI data show no differences between children with ADHD and TD children in association with a habituated motor "go" response, during "no-go" events, which require selecting not to respond, children with ADHD show diminished recruitment of networks important for response inhibition. The findings suggest that abnormalities in circuits important for motor response selection contribute to deficits in response inhibition in children with ADHD and lend support to the growing awareness of ADHD-associated anomalies in medial frontal regions important for the control of voluntary actions.

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Authors
Suskauer, S. J., Simmonds, D. J., Fotedar, S., Blankner, J. G., Pekar, J. J., Denckla, M. B., & Mostofsky, S. H.
Affiliations
  • Kennedy Krieger Institute (US)
  • 3USM Business Systems, Chantilly, VA
  • 4University of Tennessee College of Medicine
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Publisher
MIT Press - Journals
Published
2008-03-01
Volume
20
Issue
3
Pages
478-493
ISSN
  • 0898-929X (ISSN-L)
  • 1530-8898
DOI
10.1162/jocn.2008.20032
PMC
PMC2896028
OpenAlex
W2081722843
Cited by
155
References
105
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 11
FWCI
7.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH085328, R01MH078160)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (K02NS044850, R01NS047781)
  • National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000052)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, response inhibition, response selection, go/no-go task, pre-supplementary motor area, medial frontal cortex, children
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Decision Making, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Inhibition, Psychological, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Oxygen, Reaction Time, Case-Control Studies

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