SARS-CoV-2: a storm is raging
Open accessAbstract
A rapidly expanding pandemicIn early December 2019, several local health facilities first reported pneumonia cases of unknown origin in Wuhan, China.This new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported on December 1, 2020 and identified as a previously unknown betacoronavirus (1, 2).Since then, studies have increasingly demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted effectively among humans through aerosol or fomites (3-5).With transmission capabilities even before symptom onset (6, 7), this pandemic is rapidly evolving and expanding.As of April 2, 2020, a total of 962,977 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 49,180 deaths have been reported across 180 countries and regions.Recent models indicated that as much as 86% of all infections early in the spread were undocumented, suggesting the real number of infections is likely much greater (8).As a public health emergency of international concern, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization.Public health authorities around the globe are now racing to contain the spread.
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Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 present elevated levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, INF-γ, CCL2, TNF-α, CXCL10, CCL7, IL-1 receptor antagonist and IL-2 receptor, supposedly associated with disease severity.
“Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 present elevated levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, INF-γ, CCL2, TNF-α, CXCL10, CCL7, IL-1 receptor antagonist and IL-2 receptor, supposedly associated with disease severity [9, 98–105].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [100]
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- Authors
- Pedersen, S. F., & Ho, Y.-C.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ho, Ya-Chi
- ORCID
- Ho, Ya-Chi
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2020-04-13
- Volume
- 130
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2202-2205
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-8238
- PMC
- PMC7190904
- OpenAlex
- W3014001472
- Cited by
- 1,137
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 113 · 2022: 183 · 2021: 341 · 2020: 395
- FWCI
- 33.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research
- Yale University
- Gilead Sciences
- National Institutes of Health (AI150464, DA047037, UL1TR001863)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R61DA047037)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (UM1AI126620, P50AI150464, R01AI047868, R01AI141009, R37AI147868)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, pandemic, Betacoronavirus, airborne transmission, fomite transmission, pre-symptomatic transmission, undetected infections, WHO pandemic declaration
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Age Factors, Humans, Lymphocytes, Pneumonia, Viral, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Severity of Illness Index, Cytokines, Coronavirus Infections, Disease Progression, Pandemics
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