Increased regional fractional anisotropy in highly screened attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
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Diffusion tensor imaging data were collected at 3.0 Tesla from 16 children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 16 typically developing controls, ages 9 to 14 years. Fractional anisotropy images were calculated and normalized by linear transformation. Voxel-wise and atlas-based region-of-interest analyses were performed. Using voxel-wise analysis, fractional anisotropy was found to be significantly increased in the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder group in the right superior frontal gyrus and posterior thalamic radiation, and left dorsal posterior cingulate gyrus, lingual gyrus, and parahippocampal gyrus. No regions showed significantly decreased fractional anisotropy in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Region-of-interest analysis revealed increased fractional anisotropy in the left sagittal stratum, that is, white matter that connects the temporal lobe to distant cortical regions. Only fractional anisotropy in the left sagittal stratum was significantly associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptom severity. Several recent studies have reported pathological increases in fractional anisotropy in other conditions, highlighting the relevance of diffusion tensor imaging in identifying atypical white matter structure associated with neurodevelopmental processes.
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Previous studies in children found increased FA for white matter structures connecting parietal-occipital regions and temporal lobes in children.
“Previous studies in children found increased FA for white matter structures connecting parietal-occipital regions and temporal lobes in children [52, 53].”
From The brain anatomy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults—a magnetic resonance imaging study (2017) · cites this paper as [53]
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“Our study revealed higher FA values in ADHD presentations compared to neurotypicals and adds to the studies demonstrating the FA elevation to be a basis of WM alteration in ADHD [Peterson et al., 2011; Silk et al., 2009; Tamm et al., 2012].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialArgyropoulos, G. D., Christidi, F., Karavasilis, E., Velonakis, G., Antoniou, A., Bede, P., Seimenis, I., Kelekis, N., Douzenis, A., Papakonstantinou, O., et al. (2021) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110034 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
- Authors
- Peterson, D. J., Ryan, M., Rimrodt, S. L., Cutting, L. E., Denckla, M. B., Kaufmann, W. E., & Mahone, E. M.
- Affiliations
- Kennedy Krieger Institute (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Child Neurology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2011-05-31
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1296-1302
- ISSN
- 0883-0738 (ISSN-L)
- 1708-8283
- PMC
- PMC3526818
- OpenAlex
- W2040215931
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 5.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Child Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Johns Hopkins University
- National Institutes of Health
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR025005)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P30HD24061, P30HD024061, P50HD052121, R01HD044073)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, fractional anisotropy, white matter microstructure, children, superior frontal gyrus, posterior thalamic radiation, posterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, sagittal stratum, symptom severity, brain development
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Brain Mapping, Child, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Functional Laterality, Male, Linear Models, Anisotropy, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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