Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a preliminary diffusion tensor imaging study
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to explore whether there are white matter (WM) abnormalities in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using diffusion tensor imaging. Based upon the literature, we predicted decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) findings in the frontal and cerebellar regions.Methods Eighteen patients with ADHD and 15 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers received DTI assessments. Fractional anisotropy maps of WM were compared between groups with a voxelwise analysis after intersubject registration to Talairach space.Results Children with ADHD had decreased FA in areas that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of ADHD: right premotor, right striatal, right cerebral peduncle, left middle cerebellar peduncle, left cerebellum, and left parieto-occipital areas.Conclusions These preliminary data support the hypothesis that alterations in brain WM integrity in frontal and cerebellar regions occur in ADHD. The pattern of decreased FA might implicate the corticopontocerebellar circuit in the pathophysiology of ADHD.
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In children and adolescents, severity of ADHD symptoms is linked to decreased frontal and temporal grey matter, caudate and cerebellar volumes, and decreased FA.
“In children and adolescents, severity of ADHD symptoms was linked to decreased frontal and temporal grey matter, caudate and cerebellar volumes, [7] and decreased FA [15, 21, 26].”
From The brain anatomy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults—a magnetic resonance imaging study (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
Adults with ADHD have reduced connectivity in the orbito-medial prefrontal cortex, right anterior cingulate, right anterior corona radiata, and superior as well as inferior longitudinal fasciculus.
“Some studies support that ADHD is associated with lifelong abnormal connectivity by showing that adults with ADHD have reduced connectivity in the orbito-medial prefrontal cortex, right anterior cingulate, right anterior corona radiata and the superior as well as inferior longitudinal fasciculus among other regions [18–21]”
From The brain anatomy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults—a magnetic resonance imaging study (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
These findings, in part, corroborate previous results of white matter differences associated with symptoms severity.
“These findings, in part, corroborate previous results of white matter differences associated with symptoms severity [15, 16, 21, 26, 55].”
From The brain anatomy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults—a magnetic resonance imaging study (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
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- Authors
- Ashtari, M., Kumra, S., Bhaskar, S. L., Clarke, T., Thaden, E., Cervellione, K. L., Rhinewine, J., Kane, J. M., Adesman, A., Milanaik, R., Maytal, J., Diamond, A., Szeszko, P., & Ardekani, B. A.
- Affiliations
- Northwell Health (US)
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Schneider Children's Hospital (US)
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ashtari, Manzar
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-03
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 448-455
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2155922385
- Cited by
- 295
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 10.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH001990, MH-070612, MH01990, K23MH064556, MH 64556, R03MH070612)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, white matter abnormalities, fractional anisotropy, diffusion tensor imaging, children, cerebellum, frontal lobe, striatum
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain Mapping, Cerebellum, Child, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Case-Control Studies, Anisotropy, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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