The Value of Exercising Control Over Monetary Gains and Losses
Open accessAbstract
Using functional MRI, we examined how the affective experience of choice, the means by which individuals exercise control, is modulated by the valence of potential outcomes (gains, losses). When trials involved potential gains, participants reported liking cues predicting a choice opportunity better than cues predicting no choice opportunity—an effect that corresponded with blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) increases in ventral striatum (VS) activity. Surprisingly, no differences were observed between choice and no-choice cues when participants anticipated potential losses. Individual differences in subjective choice preference in the loss condition, however, corresponded to choice-related BOLD activity in VS. We conducted a second experiment to examine whether monetary losses were perceived differently in the context of simultaneous gains. When losses occurred in the absence of gains, participants showed an increased affective experience of choice—they reported greater liking of choice than no-choice trials, and VS activity was greater for choice than for no-choice cues. Collectively, the findings suggest that the affective experience of choice involves reward-processing circuitry when people anticipate appetitive and aversive outcomes, but the choice experience may be sensitive to context and individual differences.
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In healthy controls, personally chosen vs. passively received rewards elicit stronger activation in the striatum (ventral and dorsal) and PFC (inferior frontal gyrus), which is inversely related to depressive symptoms.
“studies in healthy controls have shown that personally chosen vs. passively received rewards elicit stronger activation in the striatum (ventral and dorsal) and PFC (inferior frontal gyrus) [212-215], which is inversely related to depressive symptoms [212].”
From Prefrontal cortex and depression (2022) · cites this paper as [214]
The Experiment 1 Neuroimaging Results report greater ventral-striatal activity for choice cues than no-choice cues when participants anticipated potential monetary gains. This supports a choice-related striatal effect, but the comparison concerns anticipation of a choice opportunity, not personally chosen versus passively received rewards. The cited results do not establish dorsal-striatal or inferior-frontal-gyrus activation, or an inverse relationship with depressive symptoms. Page numbers were not provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Decision-Making in Gambling Disorder
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Autonomy recruits neural support for interest and learning
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Humans Use Forward Thinking to Exert Social ControlPreprint
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Neuropsychological Research in Self-Determination Theory
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Dissociable effects of perceived control on reward-related neural dynamics under risk and ambiguity
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Does decision confidence reflect effort?
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Sense of control buffers against stress
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Sense of control buffers against stressPreprint
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Choosing to regulate: Does choice enhance craving regulation?Preprint
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- Authors
- Leotti, L. A., & Delgado, M. R.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Venue
- Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-01-03
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 596-604
- ISSN
- 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9280
- PMC
- PMC3970926
- OpenAlex
- W2135441216
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 5.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-027764, F32DA027308, R01DA027764)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- monetary gains and losses, ventral striatum, reward processing, outcome valence, individual differences, choice preference, context effects, aversive outcomes, decision-making
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Choice Behavior, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Reward, Young Adult, Executive Function, Anticipation, Psychological, Ventral Striatum
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