The Teenage Brain: Adolescents and Alcohol
Open accessAbstract
The high levels of alcohol consumption characteristic of adolescence may be in part biologically based, given that elevated consumption levels are also evident during this developmental transition in other mammalian species as well. Studies conducted using a simple animal model of adolescence in the rat has shown adolescents to be more sensitive than adults to social facilitatory and rewarding effects of alcohol, but less sensitive to numerous alcohol effects that may serve as cues to limit intake. These age-specific alcohol sensitivities appear related to differential rates of development of neural systems underlying different alcohol effects as well as to an ontogenetic decline in rapid brain compensations to alcohol, termed "acute tolerance". In contrast, these adolescent-typical sensitivities to alcohol do not appear to be notably influenced by pubertally-related increases in gonadal hormones. Although data are sparse, there are hints that similar alcohol sensitivities may also be seen in human adolescents, with this developmentally decreased sensitivity to alcohol's intoxicating effects possibly exacerbated by genetic vulnerabilities also characterized by an insensitivity to alcohol intoxication, thereby perhaps permitting especially high levels of alcohol consumption among vulnerable youth.
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Adolescents are less sensitive than adults to many intoxication cues that suppress drinking, such as motor-impairment, sedation, and hangover, and are more sensitive to the reinforcing effects of alcohol, such as social facilitation.
“Importantly, adolescents are less sensitive than adults to many of the intoxication cues that suppress drinking, such as motor-impairment, sedation, and hangover, and are more sensitive to the reinforcing effects of alcohol, such as social facilitation [35]”
From Consequences of adolescent drug use (2023) · cites this paper as [35]
The 'Adolescent Alcohol Sensitivity' section (page not provided) reports less motor impairment, sedation, and certain hangover symptoms in adolescent rats than in adults, along with greater alcohol-induced social facilitation. The claim omits that these findings come chiefly from animal studies and states them broadly about adolescents; the copy does not establish the same pattern in humans. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIncreased risk-taking behavior during adolescence leads to increased morbidity and mortality for this age group compared to younger years.
“Increased risk-taking behavior during adolescence such as driving under the influence of alcohol, having unprotected sex and binge drinking lead to increased morbidity and mortality for this age group compared to younger years (Steinberg, 2008; Spear, 2013; Casey and Caudle, 2013; Smith et al., 2013).”
From Safe schools for teens: Preventing sexual abuse of urban poor teens, proof-of-concept study-improving teachers'and students'knowledge, skills and attitudes (2020) · cites this paper as Spear, 2013
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- Authors
- Spear, L.
- Affiliations
- Binghamton University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Spear, Linda
- ORCID
- Spear, Linda
- Venue
- Current Directions in Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 152-157
- ISSN
- 0963-7214 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-8721
- PMC
- PMC4192652
- OpenAlex
- W2167329528
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Directions in Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA018026, R01AA016887, R01AA017355, P50AA017823)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA019071)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- adolescent alcohol use, alcohol sensitivity, adolescent brain development, acute tolerance, alcohol reward
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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