The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Parenting stress and psychological functioning among mothers of preschool children with autism and developmental delay
Open accessAbstract
Parents of children with developmental disabilities, particularly autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), are at risk for high levels of distress. The factors contributing to this are unclear. This study investigated how child characteristics influence maternal parenting stress and psychological distress. Participants consisted of mothers and developmental-age matched preschool-aged children with ASD (N = 51) and developmental delay without autism (DD) ( N = 22). Evidence for higher levels of parenting stress and psychological distress was found in mothers in the ASD group compared to the DD group. Children's problem behavior was associated with increased parenting stress and psychological distress in mothers in the ASD and DD groups. This relationship was stronger in the DD group. Daily living skills were not related to parenting stress or psychological distress. Results suggest clinical services aiming to support parents should include a focus on reducing problem behaviors in children with developmental disabilities.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“It has been widely demonstrated that raising a child with autism involves chronic challenges consistently associated with high levels of psychological distress [3,4,5,6].”
From The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy for improving psychological well‐being in parents of individuals with autism spectrum disorders: A randomized controlled trial (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The brief symptom inventory: an introductory report.
Derogatis, L. R., & Melisaratos, N. (1983) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700048017 · Cited by 6,650
Assessing the impact of life changes: Development of the Life Experiences Survey.
Sarason, I. G., Johnson, J. H., & Siegel, J. M. (1978) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.46.5.932 · Cited by 2,788
Mullen Scales of Early Learning
Bradley‐Johnson, S. (1997) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6807(199710)34:4 · Cited by 2,329
Dawson, G., Toth, K., Abbott, R., Osterling, J., Munson, J., Estes, A., & Liaw, J. (2004) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.40.2.271 · Cited by 1,477
Self-citationThe impact of behaviour problems on caregiver stress in young people with autism spectrum disorders
Lecavalier, L., Leone, S., & Wiltz, J. (2006) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00732.x · Cited by 1,163
Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development
Society for Research in Child Development (2026) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.1111/(issn)1540-5834 · Cited by 1,107
Social Factors And Psychopathology: Stress, Social Support, And Coping Processes
Coyne, J. C., & Downey, G. (1991) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.42.020191.002153 · Cited by 856
Eisenhower, A. S., Baker, B. L., & Blacher, J. (2005) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00699.x · Cited by 620
Parental stress and behaviour problems of children with developmental disability
Hastings, R. P. (2002) · Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability · doi:10.1080/1366825021000008657 · Cited by 501
The relationship between behaviours exhibited by children with autism and maternal stress
Tomanik, S. S., Harris, G. E., & Hawkins, J. (2004) · Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability · doi:10.1080/13668250410001662892 · Cited by 467
Research works printed but not linked: 8
- Aman, M.G., 1986, Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC)
- Dawson, G., 2004, Joint Attention, and Responses to Emotions', Developmental Psychology, 40, 271
- Fitzgerald, M., 2002, The Irish Journal of Psychology, 33, 17
- Gallagher, J.J. & Bristol, M. (1989) `Families of Young Handicapped Children', in M.C.R.M.C. Wang & H.J. Walberg (eds) Handbook of Special Education: Research and Practice: Vol. 3, 3rd edn, pp. 295-317. New York: Pergamon.
- 10.1352/0895-8017(2002)107<0222:BPOCWA>2.0.CO;2 · DOI
- Lord, C., 2003, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Manual
- Rutter, M., 2003, Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised: WPS Edition Manual
- Sparrow, S., 1984, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales: Interview
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 864
The Home TEACCHing Program for Toddlers with Autism
Welterlin, A., Turner‐Brown, L., Harris, S. L., Mesibov, G. B., & Delmolino, L. (2011) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1419-2 · Cited by 97
Kousha, M., Attar, H. A., & Shoar, Z. (2015) · Journal of Child Health Care · doi:10.1177/1367493515598644 · Cited by 92
“…stress can interfere with feelings of selfefficacy and consequently increase anxiety and depression in parents, particularly mothers of children with ASD (Davis and Carter, 2008; Estes et al., 2009; Hastings et al., 2005; Mugno et al., 2007; Rezendes and Scarpa, 2011; Schultz et al., 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialSensory subtypes and associated outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorders
Ausderau, K., Sideris, J. H., Little, L. M., Furlong, M., Bulluck, J., & Baranek, G. T. (2016) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1626 · Cited by 90
“…of ASD such as social-relatedness [Davis & Carter, 2008], restricted and repetitive behavior [Gabriels, Cuccaro, Hill, Ivers, & Goldson, 2005], and maladaptive behavior [Estes et al., 2009; Lecavalier, Leone, & Wiltz, 2006; Tomanik, Harris, & Hawkins, 2004] have been related to parenting stress.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMaternal Depressive Symptoms Following Autism Spectrum Diagnosis
Taylor, J. L., & Warren, Z. E. (2011) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1375-x · Cited by 99
Parenting aggravation and autism spectrum disorders: 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health
Schieve, L. A., Boulet, S. L., Kogan, M. D., Yeargin‐Allsopp, M., Boyle, C. A., Visser, S. N., Blumberg, S. J., & Rice, C. E. (2010) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2010.09.002 · Cited by 88
“While many studies report specific associations between parenting stress and child’s behavior problems [6-14], there has been little study of the full range of potential predictors of parenting stress.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPilot study of a school-based parent training program for preschoolers with ASD
Ingersoll, B. R., & Wainer, A. (2011) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361311427155 · Cited by 84
“This outcome is particularly important given the high rate of stress and depression found in parents of children with ASD (e.g. Estes et al., 2009).”
BackgroundMindfulness-based stress reduction for parents implementing early intervention for Autism: An RCT
Weitlauf, A. S., Broderick, N., Stainbrook, J. A., Taylor, J. L., Herrington, C. G., Nicholson, A. G., Santulli, M., Dykens, E. M., Juárez, A. P., & Warren, Z. E. (2020) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2019-1895k · Cited by 83
Ang, K. Q. P., & Loh, P. R. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-03900-w · Cited by 105
McStay, R. L., Trembath, D. L., & Dissanayake, C. (2014) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2014.07.043 · Cited by 82
Predictors and Course of Daily Living Skills Development in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Green, S. A., & Carter, A. S. (2011) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1275-0 · Cited by 84
“In addition to the core symptoms of autism, children with ASD often display related impairments that can affect their functioning and create challenges for themselves and their families (e.g., Estes et al. 2009 ).”
BackgroundKhanna, R., Madhavan, S. S., Smith, M. J., Tworek, C., Patrick, J. H., & Becker-Cottrill, B. (2011) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361311406143 · Cited by 90
“Mothers of children with autism have been shown to have a higher degree of stress as compared with mothers of children with other developmental disabilities (Estes et al., 2009).”
BackgroundResultMarsack‐Topolewski, C. N., Samuel, P. S., & Tarraf, W. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0244844 · Cited by 81
Interventions to Promote Well-Being in Parents of Children with Autism: a Systematic Review
Frantz, R., Hansen, S. G., & Machalicek, W. (2018) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-017-0123-3 · Cited by 76
“In another study, the authors examined how child characteristics influence parenting behavior and psychological stress among parents of young children with ASD and other developmental disabilities (Estes et al. 2009).”
BackgroundDai, Y. G., Burke, J. D., Naigles, L. R., Eigsti, I.-M., & Fein, D. A. (2018) · Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2018.08.001 · Cited by 52
Trajectories of emotional and behavioral problems from childhood to early adult life
Stringer, D., Kent, R., Briskman, J., Lukito, S., Charman, T., Baird, G., Lord, C., Pickles, A. R., & Simonoff, E. A. (2020) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361320908972 · Cited by 75
“…of childhood symptoms in general population studies (Ford et al., 2004) and parents of autistic children appear to be at greater risk, probably both for genetic (Bolton et al., 1998; Piven & Palmer, 1999) and likely environmental reasons, manifesting as parental stress (Estes et al., 2009).”
Parenting stress: A novel mechanism of addiction vulnerability
Rutherford, H. J. V., & Mayes, L. C. (2019) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2019.100172 · Cited by 75
Parenting Stress in Mothers and Fathers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Pisula, E. (2011) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/18507 · Cited by 88
“Among the most important predictors of parents’ stress are the child’s behaviour problems (Bishop et al., 2007; Estes et al., 2009; Herring et al., 2006; Tomanik et al., 2004).”
BackgroundResultReaven, J. (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.075 · Cited by 87
“There is also evidence to suggest that themost stressful aspect of parenting children with ASD is their displays of problembehavior (Estes et al., 2009), which in some cases,may be reflective of underlying mental health conditions, such as anxiety disorders.”
BackgroundZhou, W., Liu, D., Xiong, X., & Xu, H. (2019) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000016794 · Cited by 80
“Many studies have reported that the behavioral problems of children with ASD were related to anxiety and depression as well as stress in the mothers.([11,22,23]) Children’s behavioral problems were positively correlated with maternal emotional problems and stress regardless of whether the total scores of the behaviora…”
BackgroundFactors associated with depressive symptoms in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders
Meltzer, L. J. (2010) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2010.05.001 · Cited by 73
Das, S., Das, B., Nath, K., Dutta, A., Bora, P., & Hazarika, M. (2017) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2017.03.040 · Cited by 73
Zhao, M., Fu, W., & Ai, J. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04806-8 · Cited by 72
“At a moment, you could collapse”: Raising children with autism in the West Bank
Dababnah, S., & Parish, S. L. (2013) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.07.007 · Cited by 77
D’Elia, L., Valeri, G., Sonnino, F., Fontana, I., Mammone, A., & Vicari, S. (2014) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-013-1911-y · Cited by 70
“These findings are interesting because higher levels of parental stress have been found in the parents of young children with autism than with other disabilities (Estes et al. 2009).”
BackgroundIida, N., Wada, Y., Yamashita, T., Aoyama, M., Hirai, K., & Narumoto, J. (2018) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s188387 · Cited by 71
Investigating Parenting Stress across Pediatric Health Conditions - A Systematic Review
Golfenshtein, N., Srulovici, E., & Medoff-Cooper, B. S. (2015) · Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.3109/01460862.2015.1078423 · Cited by 85
Johnson, N. L., & Simpson, P. M. (2013) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.3109/01612840.2012.745177 · Cited by 71
“Although we know that challenging child behaviors are stressful for mothers (Estes et al., 2009; Hastings et al., 2005; Phetrasuwan & Miles, 2009; Tobing & Glenwick, 2006), negotiating with a spouse about how to react to a child’s behaviors is also a source of stress.”
BackgroundEde, M. O., Anyanwu, J. I., Onuigbo, L. N., Ifelunni, C. O., Albi-Oparaocha, F. C., Okenyi, E. C., Agu, M. A., Ugwuanyi, L. T., Ugwuanyi, C. S., Eseadi, C., et al. (2020) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-020-00342-7 · Cited by 79
Watson, S. L., Harding, K. D., & Hayes, S. A. (2013) · Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability · doi:10.3109/13668250.2013.788136 · Cited by 78
“…compared to other disabilities, ASD is commonly cited as the most stressful disability for parents (Abbeduto et al., 2004; Eisenhower et al., 2005; Estes et al., 2009; Lecavalier et al., 2006), but as measured by the PSI-SF, the parents of children with FASD in our sample reported signifi cantly…”
BackgroundShrestha, A., Anderson, A., & Moore, D. W. (2012) · Journal of Behavioral Education · doi:10.1007/s10864-012-9165-x · Cited by 70
Factors associated with stress in families of children with autism spectrum disorder
Chamberlain, A., Vaz, S. M. A., Cordier, R., Joosten, A. V., Parsons, D. N., Smith, C., & Falkmer, T. (2017) · Developmental Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.1080/17518423.2017.1326185 · Cited by 83
Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Karazsia, B. T., Myers, R. E., Hwang, Y., & Anālayo, B. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00385 · Cited by 85
“Furthermore, parental stress differentially affects outcomes for parents and children with ASD when compared to those with ID alone (Estes et al., 2009; Griffith et al., 2010).”
BackgroundPathways in ASD Study Team, Georgiades, S., Szatmári, P., Duku, E., Zwaigenbaum, L., Bryson, S. E., Roberts, W., Fombonne, E. J., Mirenda, P., Smith, I. M., et al. (2010) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-010-1158-9 · Cited by 75
“Second, these other emotional/behavioral problems are reported to increase the stress and reduce the quality of life experienced by families of children with ASD (Bauminger et al. 2010; Estes et al. 2009 ) so understanding the mechanism by which such ‘‘comorbidities’’ arise is important.”
BackgroundTomeny, T. S. (2016) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361316655322 · Cited by 75
“Moreover, parents of children with ASD appear to be at greater risk of stress and psychopathology even when compared to parents of children with other types of developmental disabilities (e.g. Estes et al., 2009).”
BackgroundHemdi, A., & Daley, D. (2017) · Child Care Health and Development · doi:10.1111/cch.12520 · Cited by 77
“(Gupta, 2007; Meirsschaut, Roeyers, & Warreyn, 2010), higher than stress levels in parents of children with other disabilities (Estes et al., 2009; Phetrasuwan & Miles, 2009).”
BackgroundKirby, A. V., White, T. J., & Baranek, G. T. (2014) · American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1352/1944-7558-120.1.32 · Cited by 77
“…that caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental disabilities (DD) experience higher levels of stress than parents of children without disabilities (e.g., Baker, Blacher, Crnic, & Edelbrock, 2002; Dyson, 1997; Estes et al., 2009; Rao & Beidel, 2009).”
BackgroundThe importance of context in early autism intervention: A qualitative South African study
Guler, J., de Vries, P. J., Seris, N., Shabalala, N., & Franz, L. (2017) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361317716604 · Cited by 71
“Caregivers of children with ASD report significant economic and emotional impact of care, and higher rates of caregiver stress in comparison to families of children with other developmental disabilities (Abbeduto et al., 2004; Estes et al., 2009).”
Baylor, C. R., & Darling-White, M. (2020) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2020_ajslp-19-00043 · Cited by 69
“Similar literature is available relevant to families of children with disabilities that are often associated with communication disorders (Abbeduto et al., 2004; Estes et al., 2009; Guillamón et al., 2013; N. Murphy et al., 2011, 2007; Namkung et al., 2018).”
BackgroundBhat, A. (2021) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2618 · Cited by 64
Schiltz, H. K., McVey, A. J., Magnus, B. E., Dolan, B. K., Willar, K. S., Pleiss, S. S., Karst, J. S., Carson, A. M., Caiozzo, C. N., Vogt, E. M., et al. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3446-0 · Cited by 81
Wang, Y., Xiao, L., Chen, R., Chen, C., Xun, G., Lu, X., Shen, Y., Wu, R., Xia, K., Zhao, J., et al. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.05.057 · Cited by 68
Personal Growth Experiences of Parents to Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Waizbard‐Bartov, E., Yehonatan-Schori, M., & Golan, O. (2018) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3784-6 · Cited by 79
Marquis, S., Hayes, M. V., & McGrail, K. M. (2019) · Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jppi.12283 · Cited by 78
Ros, R., Hernandez, J., Graziano, P. A., & Bagner, D. M. (2015) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2015.08.004 · Cited by 64
Parenting preschoolers with autism: Socioeconomic influences on wellbeing and sense of competence
Mathew, N. E., Burton, K., Schierbeek, A., Črnčec, R., Walter, A., & Eapen, V. (2019) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v9.i2.30 · Cited by 66
Service provision for autism in mainland China: Preliminary mapping of service pathways
Sun, X., Allison, C. L., Bonnie Auyeung, B., Matthews, F. E., Baron‐Cohen, S., & Brayne, C. (2013) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.08.016 · Cited by 61
“Western countries have been developing new strategies for healthcare practice, service delivery and system development to cope with the increasing needs of people with ASC and their families (Dover & Le, 2007; Estes et al., 2009; Jones, 2002; Le-Couteur, 2003).”
Ashworth, M., Palikara, O., & Herwegen, J. V. (2019) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jar.12594 · Cited by 73
Clinical characteristics of high-functioning youth with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety
Ung, D., Wood, J. J., Ehrenreich, J. T., Arnold, E. B., Fujii, C., Renno, P., Murphy, T. K., Lewin, A. B., Mutch, P. J., & Storch, E. A. (2013) · Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.2217/npy.13.9 · Cited by 64
Filicide-Suicide Involving Children With Disabilities
Coorg, R. K., & Tournay, A. E. (2012) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/0883073812451777 · Cited by 60
“Estes et al found mothers of autistic children to have significantly more parenting and psychological stress than mothers of developmentally delayed children without autism.(24) Autism has been linked to increased psychological stress in caretakers compared to nondisabled children and children with Down syndrome,(25)…”
BackgroundNeuhaus, E., Webb, S. J., & Bernier, R. (2019) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579419000361 · Cited by 65
“Externalizing symptoms are one of the most common presenting concerns for families of children with ASD seeking mental or behavioral health services (Arnold et al., 2003) and represent a prominent source of stress for parents (Estes et al., 2009).”
BackgroundBailey, T., Totsika, V., Hastings, R. P., Hatton, C., & Emerson, E. (2019) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13080 · Cited by 73
Mothers of children with developmental disabilities: Stress in early and middle childhood
Azad, G. F., Blacher, J., & Marcoulides, G. A. (2013) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2013.07.009 · Cited by 59
Gatzoyia, D., Kotsis, K., Koullourou, I., Goulia, P., Carvalho, A. F., Soulis, S., & Hyphantis, T. (2014) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2013.10.008 · Cited by 58
Mind-Mindedness and Stress in Parents of Children with Developmental Disorders
Larkin, F., Hayiou‐Thomas, M. E., Arshad, Z., Leonard, M., Williams, F. J., Katseniou, N., Malouta, R. N., Marshall, C. R. P., Diamantopoulou, M., Tang, E. Y. T., et al. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04570-9 · Cited by 58
MacKenzie, K. T., & Eack, S. M. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05164-9 · Cited by 69
Laxman, D. J., McBride, B. A., Jeans, L. M., Dyer, W. J., Santos, R. M., Kern, J. L., Sugimura, N., Curtiss, S. L., & Weglarz‐Ward, J. M. (2014) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-014-1608-7 · Cited by 70
Dababnah, S., & Parish, S. L. (2015) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361314568900 · Cited by 63
“The evidence of prevalent stress and depression among parents raising children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is vast, and parents of younger children are particularly vulnerable (e.g. see Davis and Carter, 2008; Estes et al., 2009).”
BackgroundDisparity of Care for Children With Parent-Reported Autism Spectrum Disorders
Harstad, E., Huntington, N., Bacic, J., & Barbaresi, W. (2013) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2013.03.010 · Cited by 67
Parental Quality of Life in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Current Status and Future Directions
Eapen, V. (2016) · Acta Psychopathologica · doi:10.4172/2469-6676.100031 · Cited by 66
Pan, J., Liang, Y., Zhou, H., & Wang, Y. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01122-w · Cited by 61
Yamaoka, Y., Tamiya, N., Izumida, N., Kawamura, A., Takahashi, H., & Noguchi, H. (2016) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.08.001 · Cited by 55
“Five studies compared the differences between mothers of children with disabilities and children with typical development (Bourke-Taylor, Pallant, Law & Howie, 2012; Eisenhower, Baker & Blacher, 2005; Estes et al., 2009; Gray et al., 2011; Montes & Halterman, 2007).”
BackgroundWomen's posttraumatic stress symptoms and autism spectrum disorder in their children
Roberts, A. L., Koenen, K. C., Lyall, K., Ascherio, A., & Weisskopf, M. G. (2014) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2014.02.004 · Cited by 59
“…of children with ASD are at higher risk of stress-related health outcomes, including poorer general mental health (Sawyer, et al., 2010), distress (Estes et al., 2009), depression (Brooke Ingersoll & Hambrick, 2011; B. Ingersoll, Meyer, & Becker, 2011; Sawyer, et al., 2010) and anxiety (Micali,…”
BackgroundYan, T., Hou, Y., & Deng, M. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05170-x · Cited by 62
Johnson, C. R., Foldes, E., DeMand, A., & Brooks, M. M. (2015) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1007/s10882-015-9437-1 · Cited by 60
Watson, S. L., Hayes, S. A., Harding, K. D., & Radford-Paz, E. (2013) · Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability · doi:10.3109/13668250.2013.788137 · Cited by 62
“…higher rates of parenting stress as compared with families of children with fragile X syndrome, Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, ID, and typically developing children (e.g., Dumas, Wolf, Fisman, & Culligan, 1991; Estes et al., 2009; Griffi th, Hastings, Nash, & Hill, 2010; Hastings & Johnson, 2001).”
BackgroundLeWinn, K. Z., Bush, N. R., Batra, A., Tylavsky, F. A., & Rehkopf, D. H. (2020) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.2904 · Cited by 55
Predictors of Caregiver Strain for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Bradshaw, J. L., Gillespie, S. E., McCracken, C., King, B. H., McCracken, J. T., Johnson, C. R., Lecavalier, L., Smith, T. H., Swiezy, N. B., Bearss, K. E., et al. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04625-x · Cited by 53
Wainer, A., & Ingersoll, B. R. (2013) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/cpsp.12045 · Cited by 60
Brei, N. G., Schwarz, G. N., & Klein-Tasman, B. P. (2015) · Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities · doi:10.1007/s10882-015-9439-z · Cited by 52
“(It should be noted that while the ABC Total score was used in prior research about relations between problem behavior and stress (Estes et al. 2009), the developers of the ABC (Aman and Singh 1986) caution against its use due to concerns about the construct validity of this overall score.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialOlson, L., Chen, B., Ibarra, C., Wang, T., Mash, L. E., Linke, A. C., Kinnear, M., & Fishman, I. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-04995-w · Cited by 59
Parenting behaviour among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder
Lambrechts, G., Leeuwen, K. G. V., Boonen, H., Maes, B., & Noens, I. L. J. (2011) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2010.12.011 · Cited by 67
Siu, Q. K. Y., Yi, H., Chan, R. C. H., Chio, F. H. N., Chan, D. F. Y., & Mak, W. W. S. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3791-7 · Cited by 50
Lin, Y.-N., Iao, L.-S., Lee, Y.-H., & Wu, C.-C. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04720-z · Cited by 50
Mello, C., Rivard, M., Morin, D., Patel, S., & Morin, M. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05131-4 · Cited by 49
Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Current Challenges and Future Global Directions
Barbaro, J., & Halder, S. (2016) · Current Developmental Disorders Reports · doi:10.1007/s40474-016-0078-6 · Cited by 53
Seymour, M., Giallo, R., & Wood, C. (2017) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2017.07.018 · Cited by 51
An Integrative Review of Parenting Stress in Mothers of Children with Autism in Japan
Porter, N., & Loveland, K. A. (2018) · International Journal of Disability Development and Education · doi:10.1080/1034912x.2018.1439159 · Cited by 59
“…behaviour problems, low level of social communication, ASD symptoms, adaptive functioning and regulatory patterns (e.g. sleeping, emotional regulation) (Bromley, Hare, Davison, & Emerson, 2004; Davis & Carter, 2008; Estes et al., 2009; Hayes & Watson, 2013; Seymour, Wood, Giallo, & Jellett, 2013).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialAlon, R. (2019) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2019.04.010 · Cited by 57
Rizk, S., Pizur‐Barnekow, K., & Darragh, A. R. (2011) · OTJR Occupational Therapy Journal of Research · doi:10.3928/15394492-20110415-01 · Cited by 49
“Maternal depressive symptoms and stress are associated with the child’s symptoms, particularly behavioral symptoms (Abbeduto et al., 2004; Barker et al., 2011; Ekas & Whitman, 2010; Estes et al, 2009; Meltzer, 2011).”
BackgroundHou, Y., Stewart, L., Iao, L., & Wu, C. (2018) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jar.12471 · Cited by 56
“Similar findings were also found in preschoolers with ASD aged 5 years (Weitlauf, Vehorn, Taylor, & Warren, 2014) and even before age 4 (Carter, Martínez- Pedraza, & Gray, 2009; Davis & Carter, 2008; Estes et al., 2009, 2013; Zaidman- Zait et al., 2017).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialParents on the autism continuum: Links with parenting efficacy
Lau, W. Y. P., Peterson, C. C., Attwood, T., Garnett, M. S., & Kelly, A. B. (2016) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2016.02.007 · Cited by 47
Informal Support, Health, and Burden Among Parents of Adult Children With Autism
Marsack‐Topolewski, C. N., & Hopp, F. P. (2018) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gny082 · Cited by 47
Ludlow, A. K., Brown, R., & Schulz, J. (2018) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105316669878 · Cited by 46
“This may be important to address in the future as mothers of children with developmental disabilities have been identified as being at particular risk from physical and emotional strain (Estes et al., 2009).”
BackgroundJohnson, N. L., Lashley, J., Stonek, A. V., & Bonjour, A. (2012) · Journal of Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2012.02.009 · Cited by 46
Freuler, A., Baranek, G. T., Tashjian, C. A., Watson, L. R., Crais, E. R., & Turner‐Brown, L. (2013) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361313483928 · Cited by 46
“Caregivers of children with ASD report higher rates of stress as compared to those with other developmental disabilities (DDs) and those of children of typically developing peers (Baker-Ericzen et al., 2005; Estes et al., 2009).”
BackgroundLangley, E., Totsika, V., & Hastings, R. P. (2017) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1773 · Cited by 46
“…levels of parental psychological distress [Bromley, Hare, Davison, & 1260 Langley et al./Parental relationship satisfaction INSAR Emerson, 2004; Estes et al., 2009; Jones et al., 2013]; parenting stress [Lecavalier, 2006]; and depression [Abbeduto et al., 2004; Benson & Kersh, 2011; Orsmond,…”
Derguy, C., Roux, S., Portex, M., & M’Baïlara, K. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.006 · Cited by 46
Autismo e mães com e sem estresse: análise da sobrecarga materna e do suporte familiar
Faro, K. C. A., Santos, R. B., Bosa, C. A., Wagner, A., & Silva, S. S. D. C. (2019) · Psico · doi:10.15448/1980-8623.2019.2.30080 · Cited by 46
Bennett, T. A., Boyle, M., Georgiades, K., Georgiades, S., Thompson, A., Duku, E., Bryson, S. E., Fombonne, E. J., Vaillancourt, T., Zwaigenbaum, L., et al. (2011) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02451.x · Cited by 49
“…and mental health problems (Daniels et al., 2008; Estes et al., 2009; Micali, Chakrabarti, & Fombonne, 2004; Wolf, Noh, Fisman, & Speechley, 1989), which may affect their report on the child (Abbeduto et al., 2004; Bromley, Dougal, Davison, & Emerson, 2004; Estes et al., 2009; Wolf et al., 1989).”
BackgroundMarino, F., Failla, C., Chilà, P., Minutoli, R., Puglisi, A., Arnao, A. A., Pignolo, L., Presti, G., Pergolizzi, F., Moderato, P., et al. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11070880 · Cited by 45
Parenting stress and affective symptoms in parents of autistic children
Gong, Y., Du, Y., Li, H., Zhang, X., An, Y., & Wu, B.-L. (2015) · Science China Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11427-012-4293-z · Cited by 61
Minichil, W., Getinet, W., Derajew, H., & Seid, S. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2228-y · Cited by 45
Meirsschaut, M., Warreyn, P., & Roeyers, H. (2011) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.217 · Cited by 53
An Exploratory Review of the Associations between Adverse Experiences and Autism
Dodds, R. L. (2020) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2020.1783736 · Cited by 44
“Mental health challenges such as elevated levels of stress and depressive symptoms are more prevalent in parents of children with ASD than in other categories of disability (Estes et al., 2009).”
BackgroundStrunk, J. A., Pickler, R., McCain, N. L., Ameringer, S., & Myers, B. J. (2014) · Families, Systems, & Health · doi:10.1037/a0037180 · Cited by 43
“…ranking lowest in impact (3) Child syndrome group had a negative impact above and beyond the contributions of behavior problems and cognitive level Estes et al (2009), Autism United States Level of Evidence: IV Emerging Theme: Stress N=74 mothers and their children (those with ASD and those who…”
BackgroundDaily Couple Experiences and Parent Affect in Families of Children with Versus Without Autism
Hartley, S. L., DaWalt, L. S., & Schultz, H. M. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3088-2 · Cited by 43
A Model of Family and Child Functioning in Siblings of Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Tudor, M. E., Rankin, J., & Lerner, M. D. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3352-5 · Cited by 50
Pathways in ASD Study Team, Rezze, B. D., Duku, E., Szatmári, P., Volden, J., Georgiades, S., Zwaigenbaum, L., Smith, I. M., Vaillancourt, T., Bennett, T. A., et al. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04150-6 · Cited by 53
Chao, K., Chang, H., Chin, W., Li, H., & Chen, S. (2017) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361316680915 · Cited by 42
“Email: auaug0327@cgmh.org.tw United Kingdom (Crane et al., 2016), the United States (Estes et al., 2009), Hong Kong (Ho et al., 2014), as well as in Taiwan (Lin et al., 2008).”
BackgroundShivers, C. M., McGregor, C. M., & Hough, A. (2017) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361317722432 · Cited by 42
“Among parents of children with IDD, behavior problems are highly correlated with parenting stress (e.g. Estes et al., 2009; Lovell and Wetherell, 2015; Robinson and Neece, 2015).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Estes, A., Munson, J., Dawson, G., Koehler, E., Zhou, X.-H., & Abbott, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- University of Washington, USA
- Corresponding author
- Estes, Annette
- Venue
- Autism
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-06-17
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 375-387
- ISSN
- 1362-3613 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7005
- PMC
- PMC2965631
- OpenAlex
- W2165770244
- Cited by
- 865
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 63 · 2016: 57 · 2015: 62 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 24.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Autism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50HD055782, U19HD035482, U19HD34565, U19HD035468, U19HD035465)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Keywords
- parental stress, maternal distress, autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, preschool children, child behavior problems, daily living skills, mothers of children with developmental disabilities, parenting support
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Autistic Disorder, Child Behavior Disorders, Developmental Disabilities, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Mothers, Parent-Child Relations, Personality Inventory, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress, Psychological, Comorbidity, Parenting
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
