The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 59 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality
Open accessAbstract
Autistic people are at high risk of mental health problems, self-injury and suicidality. However, no studies have explored autistic peoples’ experiences of treatment and support for these difficulties. In partnership with a steering group of autistic adults, an online survey was developed to explore these individuals’ experiences of treatment and support for mental health problems, self-injury and suicidality for the first time. A total of 200 autistic adults (122 females, 77 males and 1 unreported) aged 18–67 (mean = 38.9 years, standard deviation = 11.5), without co-occurring intellectual disability, completed the online survey. Thematic analysis of open-ended questions resulted in an overarching theme that individually tailored treatment and support was both beneficial and desirable, which consisted of three underlying themes: (1) difficulties in accessing treatment and support; (2) lack of understanding and knowledge of autistic people with co-occurring mental health difficulties and (3) appropriate treatment and support, or lack of, impacted autistic people’s well-being and likelihood of seeing suicide as their future. Findings demonstrate an urgent need for autism treatment pathways in mental health services.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
In an online survey of 200 autistic adults without co-occurring intellectual disability, participants described tailored treatment and support as beneficial and desirable but often inaccessible. Thematic analysis identified barriers in access, professionals’ lack of autism knowledge, and impacts on well-being, including whether suicide was seen as a future.
Key findings
- Of 200 participants, 90.4% had a mental health diagnosis, most commonly depression and anxiety. For treatment (n = 197), 164 (83.2%) had received or were receiving treatment, while 29 (14.7%) needed/currently needed treatment but had not received it; for support (n = 198), 164 (82.8%) wanted or currently received support, and among those who wanted support and answered on support types (n = 159), 76 (47.8%) currently received none.
- The overarching theme was that individually tailored treatment and support was both beneficial and desirable, with three underlying themes: difficulties accessing treatment and support; lack of understanding and knowledge of autistic people with co-occurring mental health difficulties; and appropriate treatment and support, or lack of, impacting well-being and likelihood of seeing suicide as their future.
- Reported barriers included being dismissed as “coping” (26 participants), support geared towards autistic children (9), long waiting lists and lack of funding (37), lack of local treatment (12), professionals’ poor autism knowledge (89), obstacles to accessing/receiving treatment and support (34), not being believed or listened to (29), and treatment not suited to needs (38).
- Positive and enabling experiences were reported by 63 participants, including improved mental health and well-being; 7 participants said suicide was no longer viewed as part of their future, and some described treatment/support as the reason “I am still alive” (1F) or that “I would not be alive without it” (435M).
Methods
- A participatory online survey was developed with an autistic steering group of eight autistic adults without intellectual disability (six female, two male) across six focus groups; the steering group fed back on three drafts.
- Participants were 200 autistic adults without co-occurring intellectual disability, aged 18–67 (mean = 38.9 years, SD = 11.5), recruited from the United Kingdom through the Cambridge Autism Research Database, charities and support groups, educational institutions, and social media.
- Open-ended survey responses were analysed using thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2006), from an essentialist, inductive, data-driven position; L.C.-C. carried out the analysis, with themes discussed and refined with S.C. and L.B.
Limitations
- The paper states that respondents were autistic adults able to respond independently online, so results are not generalisable to those with co-occurring intellectual disability; the majority of the sample were autistic women, opposite to the gender bias in the wider autistic population; and many participants had experienced mental health treatment and may have responded because they felt the survey was important, so they may not represent non-responders.
- The paper also states that diagnoses were self-reported, the exploratory qualitative approach cannot draw conclusions on prevalence, only a snapshot of main themes could be displayed, the broad age of autism diagnosis (2–59 years) was not analysed for delayed-diagnosis effects, and treatment and support were not distinguished because participants used the terms interchangeably.
- Evident from the text: the sample is self-selected and predominantly female, and the findings rely on self-report and qualitative interpretation, so the frequency counts are presented as gauges of shared experience rather than prevalence estimates.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
61 Own result · 44 Not checked yet · 12 Own method · 9 Own interpretation · 4 No basis given
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For other participants, suicide was no longer viewed as part of their future (seven participants):”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Positive and enabling
plainn = 7- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For some then, the experience of being autistic and having co-occurring mental health issues seemed one of falling through a gap in available services (37 participants).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > ‘People like me don’t get support’
hedgedcorrelationaln = 37- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For some, these experiences made a ‘totally life changing difference to my life’ (620F).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Positive and enabling
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For other participants, the absence of appropriate treatment and support was at the root of the negative impact on their lives (51 participants):”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Negative Impacts
plaindirectn = 51- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants described how their need for support was dismissed due to non-autistic people’s (mis)perceptions of ‘high-functioning’ ASC (26 participants).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > ‘People like me don’t get support’ > Dismissed for treatment or support because viewed as ‘coping’
plaindirectn = 26- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants wrote of overcoming a range of specific mental health problems (10 participants), from ‘phobias and anxieties’ (54F) to ‘I now have my OCD under control, I am totally cured of anorexia’ (152F).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Positive and enabling
plainn = 10- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Continuity of care was highly valued (12 participants)”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Lack of understanding and knowledge > Not suited to my needs
plainn = 12- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants also cited a lack of available treatment in their local area (12 participants)”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > ‘People like me don’t get support’ > Long waiting lists and lack of funding
plainn = 12- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants wrote of the burden they felt on family and friends: ‘I would like to feel that I was worth some support instead of what I feel at the moment which is that I’m a useless scrounging burden on the people I care about’ (32F)”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Negative Impacts
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When seeking professional help for mental health problems, many participants felt their symptoms were discarded (29 participants)”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Lack of understanding and knowledge > Not believed or listened to
plainn = 29- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 48
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
- Probably not a substantial claim. 19
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A total of 200 autistic adults were included in the qualitative analysis (122 females, 77 males and 1 unreported), aged 18–67 (M = 38.9 years, SD = 11.5).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
plainn = 200- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants also felt excluded from society and the local community: ‘I miss out on my vibrant town’s many events because I can’t cope with the noise and crowds on my own’ (131F).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Negative Impacts
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants also wrote of how not feeling alone (10 participants) made them feel ‘safe’ (28F) and provided them with ‘emotional reassurance’ (7F).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Positive and enabling
plaindirectn = 10- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Absent or inappropriate support caused participants to feel hopeless, isolated and alone (eight participants):”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Negative Impacts
plaindirectn = 8- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“With support, life had become ‘manageable’ (181F) and ‘help[ed] me cope better with life’ (143F).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Positive and enabling
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, many argued it was not (22 participants), particularly if it was not adapted to their needs”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Lack of understanding and knowledge > Not suited to my needs
plainn = 22- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A majority (90.4%) of participants had a mental health diagnosis, most prevalent being depression and anxiety.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
plainn = 200- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants often felt entirely dependent on this support, as external support was inadequate in addressing their needs, but wanted to become more independent and felt ‘guilty’ (7F).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Negative Impacts
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Appointments, however, were not long or frequent enough to ‘make yourself well’ (47M) and tainted by worries of them coming to an end (eight participants)”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Lack of understanding and knowledge > Not suited to my needs
plaindirectn = 8- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thoughts of ending life were a reality for some participants, who described suicide as an inevitability (four participants):”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Negative Impacts
plainn = 4- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants identified long waiting lists and lack of funding (from the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom; 37 participants) as reasons for there being no treatment or support available to them, even if actively suicidal (9 participants)”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > ‘People like me don’t get support’ > Long waiting lists and lack of funding
plaindirectn = 37- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Underneath this overarching theme, sat three themes: ‘people like me don’t get support’, ‘lack of understanding and knowledge’ and ‘well-being’”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The overarching theme on which this article focuses was that tailored treatment and support is both beneficial and desirable.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: When similar experiences are reported, it provides compelling evidence for a shared understanding of the issues being explored.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Some participants argued CBT was an effective treatment (eight participants)”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Lack of understanding and knowledge > Not suited to my needs
plainn = 8- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Many participants gained access to the treatment and support they needed by paying for it themselves, while those who could not afford to went without (37 participants)”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > ‘People like me don’t get support’ > Long waiting lists and lack of funding
plaindirectn = 37- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In relation to treatment for mental health, self-injury and suicidality (n = 197), 164 participants (83.2%) were currently receiving/had previously received treatment, 29 participants (14.7%) needed/currently needed treatment but had not received it and 4 participants (2%) did not need treatment”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
plainn = 197- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In relation to support, (n = 198) 164 participants (82.8%) reported that they would like to have support or currently receive support. Of those who reported they would like to receive support and answered the question on types of support received (n = 159), 76 participants (47.8%) currently received none”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
plainn = 164- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In summary, although participants reported experiences of being excluded from mental health services, with potentially tragic consequences for their well-being, there are also examples of participants benefitting from tailored support and treatment, which had a positive effect on their well-being.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Second, assumptions were made about autistic people being ‘high-functioning’ and perceived as coping when in fact they were struggling.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In stark contrast to the negative experiences described previously, these positive experiences reported a connection to others, acceptance, independence, autonomy and self-understanding (to name a few) and of suicide no longer being an option.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Positive and enabling
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Hence, the participants in this study described how difficulties characteristic of autism, impacted their ability to recognise they need help, effectively request help, and benefit from help when it was finally acquired.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Subsequently, participants described difficulty in coping with change (a key part of diagnostic criteria for autism, APA (2013), which meant they preferred consistent and long-term support and treatment.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Specific enablers identified include clinicians being both knowledgeable about mental health in autism and flexible in order to make reasonable adaptations to meet autistic peoples’ needs (Ghaziuddin et al., 2002).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ghaziuddin et al., 2002
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“One woman wrote of how the support alleviated pressure and ‘gives her the chance to step outside having to be the good mother and the good daughter and the good wife and just be me’ (175F).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Well-being > Positive and enabling
plaindirectSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants also described a lack of professionals’ understanding of autism, which contributed to barriers in accessing appropriate treatment and support.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants described how these difficulties led to challenges in recognising they needed help and successfully requesting help.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The majority of participants reported needing support with mental health, mentoring and social activities, but under half actually received this support.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In contrast, many participants described how appropriate tailored support and treatment empowered them, gave them autonomy, facilitated their inclusion in social networks and wider society and gave them hope for a future where suicide was no longer an option.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Participants in this study described that it took much longer to establish a rapport with their therapist or support worker, but there were too few sessions, which caused much anxiety when they came to an end.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Autistic people are at high risk of mental health problems, self-injury and suicidality.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Lever and Geurts, 2016
- Not checked yetcites Wigham et al., 2017
- Not checked yetcites Maddox et al., 2017
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“However, mental health, self-injury and suicidality in autism are poorly understood and under-researched”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Cassidy and Rodgers, 2017
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“autistic adults without intellectual disability (ID) are at highest risk of contemplating suicide (66%, Cassidy et al., 2014a), and dying by suicide (Hirvikoski et al., 2016)”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Cassidy et al., 2014a
- Not checked yetcites Hirvikoski et al., 2016
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“so a participatory approach is advocated in research”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Fletcher-Watson et al., 2018
- Not checked yetcites Pellicano et al., 2014
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“These benefits are magnified when the research question is sensitive, as online surveys provide privacy and anonymity, extending the potential reach further”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Braun et al., 2013
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Findings demonstrate an urgent need for autism treatment pathways in mental health services.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Abstract
boostedn = 200- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“mental health professionals and psychiatrists are generally not trained in recognising and understanding ASC, meaning services are unprepared to adapt support and treatment to this group”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Raja, 2014
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“L.C.-C. discussed themes with S.C. and L.B., who offered feedback and helped refine themes to ensure interpretation of the data was valid.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Data analysis
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Analysis was carried out by L.C.-C., who was not involved in the steering group discussions facilitated by S.C., L.B. and R.S., to avoid unnecessary bias.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Data analysis
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Hence, despite autistic people being at significantly increased risk of mental health problems and suicidality than the general population, they appear to be less likely to be able to access support and treatment for these difficulties.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Introduction
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A recent study on autism language-use from the perspective of the UK autism community, found the term ‘high-functioning’ can underestimate the problems an autistic person can face on a daily basis (Kenny et al., 2016).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Kenny et al., 2016
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Little is currently known about well-being in autism (Robeyns, 2016), but autonomy and a sense of belonging could be particularly important (Milton and Sims, 2016), similar to the general population (Pelton and Cassidy, 2017; Van Orden et al., 2010).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Pelton and Cassidy, 2017
- Not checked yetcites Van Orden et al., 2010
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, respondents to the survey were autistic adults who were able to respond independently to an online survey, and therefore results are not generalisable to those with co-occurring intellectual disability.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The lack of distinction between treatment and support in this study, owing to participants using the terms interchangeably, may have reduced the ability to make specific targeted improvements.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A key strength was the participatory approach used in the research, which ensured questions were important, relevant and clear to autistic people.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The mean age of autism diagnosis was very broad (ranging from 2 to 59 years) and this study did not consider whether delayed diagnosis impacted the experiences of treatment and support.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Results from this study are consistent with these results and provide greater detail regarding enablers for autistic accessing services.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The participants’ experiences show that this is not only possible, but highly beneficial.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A majority of participants had also experienced mental health treatment and may have responded to the survey as they felt it was important, and many therefore not be representative of those who did not respond.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Yet there is a lack of research, validated assessments and treatment approaches for mental health and suicidality in autistic adults (Cassidy and Rodgers, 2017) and knowledge of autism and mental health among professionals (Raja, 2014).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Cassidy and Rodgers, 2017
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A majority of the sample comprised autistic women, opposite to the gender bias in the wider autistic population.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This study is the first to explore autistic adults’ experiences of treatment and support for mental health problems and suicidality.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The online recruitment method meant we were able to capture a large sample, and wide range and depth of experiences compared to interviews or focus groups, which are also less accessible to autistic people.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Diagnoses were all self-reported, however, previous research has shown good agreement between self- and clinician report (Daniels et al., 2011).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Daniels et al., 2011
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Participants also described how their experiences of treatment and support impacted their well-being, of which mental health forms a key part (Burgess and Gutstein, 2007).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Burgess and Gutstein, 2007
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“These results are consistent with previous research and clinical reports of lack of autism expertise in mental health and psychiatric settings (Raja, 2014) and no autism mental health pathway (Crane et al., 2018).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Raja, 2014
- Not checked yetcites Crane et al., 2018
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Given difficulties with communication, flexible thinking and adapting behaviour in many autistic people, psychological therapy is effective but takes longer and thus requires a higher number of sessions (Anderberg et al. 2017).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Anderberg et al. 2017
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Given the size of the dataset, it was only possible to display a snapshot of the main themes.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Results from this study are consistent with these findings, and suggest that appropriate support could improve autistic adults’ well-being, of which autonomy and belonging are a crucial part.”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Little is currently known about well-being in autism (Robeyns, 2016), but autonomy and a sense of belonging could be particularly important (Milton and Sims, 2016), similar to the general population (Pelton and Cassidy, 2017; Van Orden et al., 2010).”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Robeyns, 2016
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
No studies have explored autistic people's experiences of treatment and support for mental health problems, self-injury and suicidality.
“However, no studies have explored autistic peoples’ experiences of treatment and support for these difficulties.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Little is known about autistic adults' experiences of receiving treatment and support for mental health problems, self-injury and suicidality, with a majority of studies being quantitative.
“Little is known about autistic adults’ experiences of receiving treatment and support for mental health problems, self-injury and suicidality, with a majority of studies being quantitative.”
The paper relies on this without support.
When similar experiences are reported, it provides compelling evidence for a shared understanding of the issues being explored.
“When similar experiences are reported, it provides compelling evidence for a shared understanding of the issues being explored.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Adult services struggle with providing adequate care for autistic adults (Anderson et al., 2022; Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; Crane et al., 2019; Nicolaidis et al., 2015)”
From Mindfulness-based stress reduction for autistic adults: A feasibility study in an outpatient context. (2024) · cites this paper as Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| Autism/classic autism/ASC | 9 (14.3%) | 11 (18.3%) | 20 (16.8%) |”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
Reported 18.3 · recomputed 9.090909
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| Mentoring | 9 (15.0%) | 10 (10.1%) | 19 (11.9%) | 33 (54.1%) | 101 (67.3%) | 101 (62.3%) |”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
Reported 67.3 · recomputed 100
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| AS/HFA | 61 (75.3%) | 104 (80.8%) | 165 (78.7%) |”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
Reported 78.7 · recomputed 83.333333
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| PDD/PDD-NOS | 0 (10.4%) | 1 (14.2%) | 1 (12.7%) |”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
Reported 14.2 · recomputed 0.826446
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| PDD/PDD-NOS | 0 (10.4%) | 1 (14.2%) | 1 (12.7%) |”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
Reported 12.7 · recomputed 0.505051
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| PDD/PDD-NOS | 0 (10.4%) | 1 (14.2%) | 1 (12.7%) |”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
Reported 10.4 · recomputed 0
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| AS/HFA | 61 (75.3%) | 104 (80.8%) | 165 (78.7%) |”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
Reported 80.8 · recomputed 85.950413
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“| Autism/classic autism/ASC | 9 (14.3%) | 11 (18.3%) | 20 (16.8%) |”
§ ‘People like me don’t get support’: Autistic adults’ experiences of support and treatment for mental health difficulties, self-injury and suicidality > Method > Participants
Reported 16.8 · recomputed 10.10101
Citations
Cites
Using thematic analysis in psychology
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006) · Qualitative Research in Psychology · doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa · Cited by 194,414
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2013) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 · Cited by 116,369
Successful Qualitative Research: A practical guide for beginners
Jamieson, J., Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2014) · QMiP Bulletin · doi:10.53841/bpsqmip.2014.1.18.39 · Cited by 6,672
The interpersonal theory of suicide.
Van Orden, K. A., Witte, T. K., Cukrowicz, K. C., Braithwaite, S. R., Selby, E. A., & Joiner, T. E. (2010) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0018697 · Cited by 5,292
On the ontological status of autism: the ‘double empathy problem’
Milton, D. E. M. (2012) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2012.710008 · Cited by 2,082 · cited 1×
“could result in misunderstandings between autistic and non-autistic people (Milton, 2012).”
BackgroundDiscourse and Social Psychology: Beyond Attitudes and Behaviour
BOWERS, J. (1988) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1988.tb00818.x · Cited by 2,052
Which terms should be used to describe autism? Perspectives from the UK autism community
Kenny, L., Hattersley, C., Molins, B., Buckley, C., Povey, C., & Pellicano, E. (2016) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361315588200 · Cited by 1,941
“Putting on My Best Normal”: Social Camouflaging in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions
Hull, L., Petrides, K. V., Allison, C., Smith, P., Baron-Cohen, S., Lai, M.-C., & Mandy, W. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3166-5 · Cited by 1,365 · cited 1×
“, 2010), difficulties with social and communication skills (APA, 2013), and report ‘camouflaging’ their symptoms in order to fit in social situations (Hull et al., 2017; Lai et al., 2017; Rynkiewicz et al., 2016).”
BackgroundSelf-citationPremature mortality in autism spectrum disorder
Hirvikoski, T., Mittendorfer-Rutz, E., Boman, M., Larsson, H., Lichtenstein, P., & Bölte, S. (2016) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.114.160192 · Cited by 1,011 · cited 2×
“, 2018a) and autistic people without co-occurring ID are at the highest risk of dying by suicide than the general population (Hirvikoski et al., 2016).”
BackgroundWhat should autism research focus upon? Community views and priorities from the United Kingdom
Pellicano, E., Dinsmore, A., & Charman, T. (2014) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361314529627 · Cited by 800 · cited 1×
“Little is currently known about well-being in autism (Robeyns, 2016), but autonomy and a sense of belonging could be particularly important (Milton and Sims, 2016), similar to the general population (Pelton and Cassidy, 2017; Van Orden et al., 2010).”
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Hedley D, Uljarević M (2018) Systematic review of suicide in autism spectrum disorder: current trends and implications. Current Developmental Disorders Reports 1: 12.
- Milton D, Bracher M (2013) Autistics speak but are they heard? Medical Sociology Online 7: 61–69.
- Robson C (1993) Real World Research: A Resource for Social Scientists and Practitioners-researchers. Mallden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Lancet Commission on the future of care and clinical research in autism
Lord, C., Charman, T., Havdahl, A., Carbone, P., Anagnostou, E., Boyd, B., Carr, T., de Vries, P. J., Dissanayake, C., Divan, G., et al. (2022) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01541-5 · Cited by 924
Cassidy, S., Gould, K., Townsend, E., Pelton, M., Robertson, A., & Rodgers, J. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04323-3 · Cited by 372
Self-citationTackling healthcare access barriers for individuals with autism from diagnosis to adulthood
Malik-Soni, N., Shaker, A., Luck, H., Mullin, A. E., Wiley, R. E., Lewis, M. E. S., Fuentes, J., & Frazier, T. W. (2022) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-021-01465-y · Cited by 309
Autism and the double empathy problem: Implications for development and mental health
Mitchell, P., Sheppard, E., & Cassidy, S. (2021) · British Journal of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjdp.12350 · Cited by 311
Self-citationAutistic Adults' Experiences of Camouflaging and Its Perceived Impact on Mental Health
Bradley, L., Shaw, R., Baron-Cohen, S., & Cassidy, S. (2021) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2020.0071 · Cited by 231
“We counted responses after thematic analysis was complete and so the numbers are not an analytic focus but provided as an additional layer of information for the reader.(20,30,31) These numbers are not a measure of significance but provided to give the reader a sense of how much an experience was shared (1)This paper…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationA capabilities approach to understanding and supporting autistic adulthood
Pellicano, E., Fatima, U., Hall, G., Heyworth, M., Lawson, W., Lilley, R., Mahony, J., & Stears, M. (2022) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-022-00099-z · Cited by 237
Beck, J. S., Lundwall, R. A., Gabrielsen, T., Cox, J. C., & South, M. (2020) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361320912147 · Cited by 224
“Regarding suicidality, some research suggests that camouflaging may play a role (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; Cassidy, Bradley, Shaw, & Baron-Cohen, 2018; Kirby et al., 2019).”
BackgroundMaddox, B. B., Crabbe, S., Beidas, R. S., Brookman-Frazee, L., Cannuscio, C. C., Miller, J. S., Nicolaidis, C., & Mandell, D. S. (2020) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361319882227 · Cited by 203
“The perception from autistic adults that mental health providers lack knowledge about autism is consistent with previous research on autistic adults’ experiences with medical and mental health providers (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; Crane, Adams, et al., 2019; Lipinski, Blanke, Suenkel, & Dziobek, 2019; Nicolaidis et al…”
ResultAssessment of Suicidal Behaviors Among Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Denmark
Kõlves, K., Fitzgerald, C., Nordentoft, M., Wood, S. J., & Erlangsen, A. (2021) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.33565 · Cited by 191
What Is Autistic Burnout? A Thematic Analysis of Posts on Two Online Platforms
Mantzalas, J., Richdale, A. L., Adikari, A., Lowe, J., & Dissanayake, C. (2021) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2021.0021 · Cited by 211
“12,20 Masking has been iden-tified as a prominent risk factor for autistic burnout and may represent a novel perspective for understanding suicidality among autistic adults 9 ; therefore, this association warrants further investigation.”
Adams, D., & Young, K. (2021) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-020-00226-7 · Cited by 179
Punton, G., Dodd, A. L., & McNeill, A. (2022) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0265542 · Cited by 167
“This is consistent throughout the UK, with more than a third of Scottish child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) patients and a fifth of adult mental health service (AMHS) patients waiting longer than the 18-week target [8, 9].”
BackgroundInfluentialSuicidality in autistic youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis
O'Halloran, L., Coey, P., & Wilson, C. (2022) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102144 · Cited by 146
van Kessel, R., Hrzic, R., O’Nuallain, E., Weir, E. M., Wong, B. L. H., Anderson, M., Baron‐Cohen, S., & Mossialos, E. A. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/33819 · Cited by 169
“In qualitative interviews, autistic adults expressed difficulties evaluating or describing their health, sensory sensitivities, executive function, body awareness, slow processing speed, stigmatization, and systemic barriers [13-16].”
BackgroundSelf-citationOomen, D., Nijhof, A. D., & Wiersema, J. R. (2021) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-021-00424-y · Cited by 136
Quadt, L., Garfinkel, S. N., Mulcahy, J. S., Larsson, D. E., Silva, M., Jones, A.-M., Strauss, C., & Critchley, H. D. (2021) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101042 · Cited by 128
“Despite growing acknowledgement of mental health needs of autistic adults [8], a series of quantitative and qualitative studies show that many available treatments are not adequate, as they are not tailored to [9], or lack knowledge of speci fi c autistic needs [10].”
BackgroundBrede, J., Cage, E., Trott, J., Palmer, L., Smith, A., Serpell, L., Mandy, W., & Russell, A. (2022) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102131 · Cited by 139
The Strengths and Abilities of Autistic People in the Workplace
Cope, R., & Remington, A. (2021) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2021.0037 · Cited by 144
Updated Systematic Review of Suicide in Autism: 2018–2024
Brown, C. M., Newell, V., Sahin, E., & Hedley, D. (2024) · Current Developmental Disorders Reports · doi:10.1007/s40474-024-00308-9 · Cited by 130
“Loneliness, bullying victimization, interpersonal conflicts, and unmet support needs were generally associated with higher STB risk [16, 62, 82, 84, 88, 89].”
Pellicano, E., Brett, S., den Houting, J., Heyworth, M., Magiati, I., Steward, R., Urbanowicz, A., & Stears, M. (2022) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613211035936 · Cited by 113
“Even in preCOVID times, autistic people report a significantly higher number of unmet support needs than the general population (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2018), and struggle to access appropriate support and services, especially for mental health problems (Crane et al., 2018; Maddox et al., 2020).”
BackgroundNewell, V., Phillips, L., Jones, C., Townsend, E., Richards, C., & Cassidy, S. (2023) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-023-00544-7 · Cited by 143
“Given high rates of comorbid mental health problems [9, 43] and non-suicidal self-injury [44, 45] in autistic people, we might expect to see increased prevalence of suicidality in nonclinical samples of autistic people, who are less likely to be accessing relevant support [46].”
BackgroundSelf-citationAdults with Autism: Changes in Understanding Since DSM-111
Howlin, P. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04847-z · Cited by 157
Representativeness of autistic samples in studies recruiting through social media
Rødgaard, E., Jensen, K. L., Miskowiak, K. W., & Mottron, L. (2022) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2777 · Cited by 100
Pelton, M., Crawford, H., Robertson, A., Rodgers, J., Baron‐Cohen, S., & Cassidy, S. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04393-8 · Cited by 119
Self-citationAutistic adults have poorer quality healthcare and worse health based on self-report data
Weir, E. M., Allison, C. L., & Baron‐Cohen, S. (2022) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-022-00501-w · Cited by 112
“Across several studies, autistic adults report difficulties in evaluating or describing their health, challenges with accessing treat-ment, and lack of understanding/ knowledge of autistic people across both physical and mental health services [24–27].”
Self-citationAtherton, G., Edisbury, E., Piovesan, A., & Cross, L. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05235-x · Cited by 117
Lipinski, S., Bögl, K., Blanke, E. S., Suenkel, U., & Dziobek, I. (2021) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613211057973 · Cited by 97
“However, the findings are in line with previous research on knowledge about autism among members of medical and mental health care facilities in several countries (e.g. Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019).”
ResultAutism and autistic traits in those who died by suicide in England
Cassidy, S., Au‐Yeung, S. K., Robertson, A., Cogger-Ward, H., Richards, G., Allison, C. L., Bradley, L., Kenny, R., O’Connor, R. C., Mosse, D., et al. (2022) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.2022.21 · Cited by 91
Self-citationGender differences in mental health prevalence in autism
Sedgewick, F., Leppänen, J., & Tchanturia, K. (2020) · Advances in Autism · doi:10.1108/aia-01-2020-0007 · Cited by 108
Sex Differences in Mental Health Problems and Psychiatric Hospitalization in Autistic Young Adults
Martini, M. I., Kuja‐Halkola, R., Butwicka, A., Rietz, E. D., D'Onofrio, B. M., Happe, F. G. E., Kanina, A., Larsson, H., Lundström, S., Martin, J., et al. (2022) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.3475 · Cited by 98
Kildahl, A. N., Helverschou, S. B., Bakken, T. L., & Oddli, H. W. (2020) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jar.12734 · Cited by 84
An Expert Discussion on Autism in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Cassidy, S., Nicolaidis, C., Davies, B., Rosa, S. D. R., Eisenman, D. P., Onaiwu, M. G., Kapp, S. K., Kripke, C. C., Rodgers, J., & Waisman, T. (2020) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2020.29013.sjc · Cited by 83
Self-citationHasson, L., Keville, S., Gallagher, J., Onagbesan, D., & Ludlow, A. (2022) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1080/20473869.2022.2070418 · Cited by 78
Unrelenting Depression and Suicidality in Women with Autistic Traits
South, M., Beck, J. S., Lundwall, R. A., Christensen, M., Cutrer‐Párraga, E. A., Gabrielsen, T. P., Cox, J. C., & Lundwall, R. A. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04324-2 · Cited by 83
What are the views and experiences of autistic teachers? Findings from an online survey in the UK
Wood, R., & Happe, F. G. E. (2021) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2021.1916888 · Cited by 76
Links between self-injury and suicidality in autism
Moseley, R. L., Gregory, N. J., Smith, P., Allison, C., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2020) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-020-0319-8 · Cited by 76
Self-citationMeasurement Properties of the Suicidal Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised in Autistic Adults
Cassidy, S., Bradley, L., Cogger-Ward, H., Shaw, R., Bowen, E., Glod, M., Baron‐Cohen, S., & Rodgers, J. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04431-5 · Cited by 78
Self-citationBeyond Friendship: The Spectrum of Social Participation of Autistic Adults
Chan, D. V., Doran, J. D., & Galobardi, O. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05441-1 · Cited by 93
“Because the connection between loneliness and an unmet need to belong is associated with suicidal ideation in autistic adults (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; Dow et al., 2021; Pelton et al., 2020), a specific focus on the impact of online and in-person social connections on mental health is needed.”
BackgroundPerceived misdiagnosis of psychiatric conditions in autistic adults
Kentrou, V., Livingston, L. A., Grove, R., Hoekstra, R. A., & Begeer, S. (2024) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102586 · Cited by 94
Risks Associated With Undiagnosed ADHD and/or Autism: A Mixed-Method Systematic Review
French, B., Daley, D., Groom, M. J., & Cassidy, S. (2023) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/10870547231176862 · Cited by 96
“Health services for adults with ASD/ADHD also remain scarce and underfunded, often failing to provide support (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; Frith & Mira, 1992; Murphy et al., 2016).”
BackgroundSelf-citationNeurodivergence, intersectionality, and eating disorders: a lived experience-led narrative review
Cobbaert, L., Millichamp, A., Elwyn, R., Silverstein, S., Schweizer, K., Thomas, E., & Miskovic‐Wheatley, J. (2024) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-024-01126-5 · Cited by 88
Bemmouna, D., Coutelle, R., Weibel, S., & Weiner, L. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05317-w · Cited by 64
Gaigg, S. B., Flaxman, P. E., McLaven, G., Shah, R., Bowler, D. M., Meyer, B., Roestorf, A., Haenschel, C., Rodgers, J., & South, M. (2020) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361320909184 · Cited by 80
“This is a significant concern considering that approximately two-thirds of all people with autism are adults and the vast majority of them report feeling underserved by mental health services (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2018; Rosenblatt, 2008).”
BackgroundShalev, I., Warrier, V., Greenberg, D. M., Smith, P. L., Allison, C. L., Baron‐Cohen, S., Eran, A., & Uzefovsky, F. (2022) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2794 · Cited by 62
Self-citationSix ideas about how to address the autism mental health crisis
Mandy, W. (2022) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613211067928 · Cited by 60
Pantazakos, T., & Vanaken, G.-J. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1225152 · Cited by 59
“…that autistic people’s encounters with the mental health system often prove unfruitful, and that neurodiversity scholars have frequently attributed such phenomena to the clinicians’ failing to grasp autistic subjectivity (Raymaker et al., 2017; Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; Crane et al., 2019).”
BackgroundMaddox, B. B., Dickson, K. S., Stadnick, N. A., Mandell, D. S., & Brookman-Frazee, L. I. (2021) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-021-01278-0 · Cited by 62
O’Nions, E., Lewer, D., Petersen, I., Brown, J. M., Buckman, J. E. J., Charlton, R. A., Cooper, C., Baou, C. E., Happe, F. G. E., Manthorpe, J., et al. (2023) · The Lancet Regional Health - Europe · doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100776 · Cited by 69
“…experience forms of adversity linked to poorer physical and mental wellbeing, such as victimisation, 15,20 discrimination, 16,52,53 inadequate support, 39,54 unmet mental health needs, 54,55 inappropriate or inadequate care, 39,51,56,57 homelessness, 58 and poor access to health-care.”
BackgroundHarris, L., Gilmore, D., Hanks, C. D., Coury, D. L., Moffatt, S. D., Garvin, J. H., & Hand, B. N. (2021) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613211060589 · Cited by 54
Stability of co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses in autistic men and women
Kentrou, V., Oostervink, M., Scheeren, A. M., & Begeer, S. (2021) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101736 · Cited by 62
“Respondents are asked to rate their life on a ladder scale with 11 steps (Cantril, 1965).”
BackgroundAutism in Australia: Community Knowledge and Autistic People’s Experiences
Jones, S. C., Akram, M., Gordon, C. S., Murphy, N., & Sharkie, F. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04819-3 · Cited by 58
Strang, J. F., Klomp, S. E., Caplan, R., Griffin, A. D., Anthony, L. G., Harris, M. C., Graham, E. K., Knauss, M., & van der Miesen, A. I. R. (2019) · Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1037/cpp0000310 · Cited by 61
Curnow, E., Rutherford, M., Maciver, D., Johnston, L., Prior, S., Boilson, M., Shah, P. J., Jenkins, N. D., & Meff, T. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0288275 · Cited by 60
Autism, Discrimination and Masking: Disrupting a Recipe for Trauma
Cleary, M. L., West, S., Kornhaber, R. A., & Hungerford, C. L. (2023) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840.2023.2239916 · Cited by 61
Dow, D., Morgan, L., Hooker, J. L., Michaels, M. S., Joiner, T. E., Woods, J. J., & Wetherby, A. M. (2019) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2019.1678537 · Cited by 52
“…that individuals with ASD may be misrepresenting their emotional experience due to difficulty with communication, emotion regulation, and insight (Camm-Crosbie et al. 2018; Crane, Adams, Harper, Welch & Pellicano, 2018; Hallett & Crompton, 2018), their concerns should be taken seriously when…”
BackgroundScott, M. P., & Sedgewick, F. (2021) · Autism & Developmental Language Impairments · doi:10.1177/23969415211010419 · Cited by 61
“…between mental health teams, difficulty accessing support, lack of autism awareness among mental health staff, and lack of autism-tailored approaches – directly map onto the issues from recent work on mental health among autistic young people (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; Crane et al., 2019).”
BackgroundPrevalence and Risk-Markers of Self-Harm in Autistic Children and Adults
Licence, L., Oliver, C., Moss, J., & Richards, C. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04260-1 · Cited by 45
A pilot study of dialectical behaviour therapy skills training for autistic adults
Ritschel, L., Guy, L., & Maddox, B. (2021) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465821000370 · Cited by 33
Healthcare service use patterns among autistic adults: A systematic review with narrative synthesis
Gilmore, D., Krantz, M., Weaver, L. L., & Hand, B. N. (2021) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613211060906 · Cited by 45
Gibbs, V., & Pellicano, E. (2023) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613221150375 · Cited by 53
“, 2022) and difficulties accessing appropriate health and mental health care (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; McBain et al., 2020; Nicolaidis et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMournet, A. M., Wilkinson, E. H., Bal, V. H., & Kleiman, E. M. (2022) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102235 · Cited by 49
Resilience and Coping Strategies in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Ghanouni, P., & Quirke, S. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05436-y · Cited by 58
“Lack of funding to access mental health services, long waitlists associated with mental health services, the fact that most supports are geared towards children with ASD rather than adults with ASD and mental health professionals’ limited knowledge of ASD were all found to be major barriers experienced by adults with…”
BackgroundHuntjens, A., van den Bosch, L. M. C., Sizoo, B. B., Kerkhof, A. J. F. M., Smit, F., & van der Gaag, M. (2024) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291724000825 · Cited by 49
Jackson, L., Keville, S., & Ludlow, A. (2019) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-019-01662-8 · Cited by 48
Dreiling, N. G., Cook, M. L., Lamarche, E., & Klinger, L. G. (2022) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613211028000 · Cited by 41
“Furthermore, both autistic adolescents and adults report similar frustrations in accessing mental health services and in the lack of provider understanding of autism (Au-Yeng et al., 2019; Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; Crane et al., 2018).”
BackgroundOshima, F., Takahashi, T., Tamura, M., Guan, S., Seto, M., Hull, L., Mandy, W., Tsuchiya, K. J., & Shimizu, E. (2024) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-023-00579-w · Cited by 44
“As autistic individuals grow into adults, mental health issues account for a more significant percentage of the symptoms that they experience than the core symptoms of autism [5–7].”
BackgroundGrant, S., Norton, S., Weiland, R. F., Scheeren, A. M., Begeer, S., & Hoekstra, R. A. (2022) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-022-00486-6 · Cited by 45
Pathological demand avoidance in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Kildahl, A. N., Helverschou, S. B., Rysstad, A. L., Wigaard, E., Hellerud, J. M. A., Ludvigsen, L. B., & Howlin, P. (2021) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613211034382 · Cited by 37
“If PDA constitutes an autistic behavioural manifestation of experiences such as anxiety or trauma, creating a separate diagnostic label for autistic people may be unhelpful in aiding these individuals to access appropriate services and care (see Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; Maddox et al., 2020).”
BackgroundHobson, H., Kalsi, M., Cotton, L., Forster, M., & Toseeb, U. (2022) · Autism & Developmental Language Impairments · doi:10.1177/23969415221101137 · Cited by 39
Verhulst, I., MacLennan, K., Haffey, A., & Tavassoli, T. (2022) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2022.0018 · Cited by 39
Norris, J. E., Harvey, R. G., & Hull, L. (2024) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613241273073 · Cited by 40
Pelton, M., Crawford, H., Robertson, A., Rodgers, J., Baron‐Cohen, S., & Cassidy, S. (2020) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2019.0055 · Cited by 37
Self-citationThompson, C., McDonald, J., Kidd, T., Falkmer, T., Bölte, S., & Girdler, S. J. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1080/11038128.2020.1738545 · Cited by 39
Chun, J., Kuo, H. J., Curtiss, S. L., Lee, G. K., Lee, H.-K., & Awadu, J. E. (2022) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2022.2112097 · Cited by 35
Do you feel me? Autism, empathic accuracy and the double empathy problem
Cheang, R., Skjevling, M., Blakemore, A. I. F., Kumari, V., & Puzzo, I. (2024) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613241252320 · Cited by 35
Murphy, S., Flower, R. L., & Jellett, R. (2022) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613221117911 · Cited by 40
“Mental health concerns and suicide risk are common issues for autistic adults (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2018; Cassidy et al., 2020, 2022; Lai et al., 2019).”
BackgroundGilmore, D., Harris, L., Longo, A., & Hand, B. N. (2020) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361320955109 · Cited by 34
“For example, some studies have found autistic individuals without co-occurring ID are more likely to have mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation than autistic individuals with ID (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2018; Hand et al., 2019; Strang et al., 2012).”
BackgroundPelton, M., Crawford, H., Bul, K., Robertson, A., Adams, J., Beurs, D. P. D., Rodgers, J., Baron‐Cohen, S., & Cassidy, S. (2023) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/sltb.12954 · Cited by 36
Self-citationBeresford, B., Mukherjee, S., Mayhew, E., Heavey, E., Park, A., Stuttard, L., Allgar, V. L., & Knapp, M. R. J. (2020) · Health Services and Delivery Research · doi:10.3310/hsdr08480 · Cited by 38
Lei, J., & Russell, A. (2021) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361320984897 · Cited by 44
“For autistic students, receiving mental health support that is adapted to cater for social communication differences in autism may be especially difficult (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019), and there may be added issues around disclosure of autism diagnosis and both personal and external autism acceptance to consider in add…”
BackgroundField, S. L., Fox, J. R. E., Jones, C. R. G., & Williams, M. O. (2023) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-023-00740-z · Cited by 34
“Similarly, they identified that individually tailored care was important in enabling them to access mental health services [55, 56].”
BackgroundMoseley, R. L., Gregory, N. J., Smith, P. L., Allison, C. L., Cassidy, S., & Baron‐Cohen, S. (2022) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-022-00495-5 · Cited by 39
“Intuitively, ITS constructs appear highly relevant to autistic people, given the experiences likely to generate states of thwarted belongingness, burdensomeness, and acquired capability for suicide (henceforth ‘acquired capability’): social ostracism, bullying and victimization [15–17], adverse childhood experiences […”
BackgroundSelf-citationStewart, G. R., Corbett, A., Ballard, C. G., Creese, B., Aarsland, D., Hampshire, A., Charlton, R. A., & Happe, F. G. E. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05595-y · Cited by 40
“, 2019a), as well as care specifically for their mental health or experiences with self-harm and suicidality (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2018).”
BackgroundWilmot, A., Boyes, M. E., Sievers, R., Leitão, S., & Norbury, C. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-087532 · Cited by 29
Cai, R. Y., Gibbs, V., Love, A. M. A., Robinson, A., Fung, L. K., & Brown, L. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05668-y · Cited by 29
King, C., Merrick, H., & Couteur, A. S. L. (2020) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796019000830 · Cited by 37
“There are calls for the establishment of autism treatment pathways in mental health services (Ward and Russell, 2007; Southby and Robinson, 2017; Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019).”
Parr, J. R., Brice, S., Welsh, P., Ingham, B., Le Couteur, A., Evans, G., Monaco, A., Freeston, M., & Rodgers, J. (2020) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-020-4161-2 · Cited by 28
Gellini, H., & Marczak, M. (2023) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-023-00356-8 · Cited by 38
Pellicano, E., Lawson, W. B., Hall, G., Mahony, J., Lilley, R., Davis, C., Arnold, S. R. C., Trollor, J. N., & Yudell, M. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037968 · Cited by 38
Suicidality: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis
Keefner, T. P., & Stenvig, T. E. (2020) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840.2020.1793243 · Cited by 28
Atherton, G., Edisbury, E., Piovesan, A., & Cross, L. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05622-y · Cited by 32
Yau, N., Anderson, S., & Smith, I. (2023) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2022.102101 · Cited by 32
McQuaid, G. A., Strang, J. F., & Jack, A. (2024) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2023.0034 · Cited by 38
Boulton, K., & Guastella, A. J. (2021) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2572 · Cited by 28
“This is particularly important given that many individuals with ASD are excluded from mental health services and this has partly been attributed to the belief that these individuals cannot use routine mental health assessments (Camm-Crosbie et al., 2019; Sandercock et al., 2020).”
BackgroundImpact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Autistic Adults: a Scoping Review
Scheeren, A. M., Crane, L., Heyworth, M., & Pellicano, E. (2023) · Current Developmental Disorders Reports · doi:10.1007/s40474-023-00268-6 · Cited by 26
“The barriers to accessing health-care, which were already excessive for many Autistic people prior to the pandemic [38, 39, 40], were deemed even greater during the pandemic [41 • ].”
BackgroundTreatment of anxiety in autistic adults: A systematic review
Menezes, M., Harkins, C., Robinson, M. F., Pappagianopoulos, J., Cross, R., Vasa, R. A., & Mazurek, M. O. (2022) · Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2022.102068 · Cited by 26
Cassidy, S., McLaughlin, E., McGranaghan, R., Pelton, M., O’Connor, R. C., & Rodgers, J. (2023) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/sltb.12965 · Cited by 33
Self-citationHow healthcare systems are experienced by autistic adults in the United Kingdom: A meta-ethnography
Radev, S., Freeth, M., & Thompson, A. R. (2024) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613241235531 · Cited by 28
Beck, K. B., MacKenzie, K. T., Kumar, T., Breitenfeldt, K. E., Chang, J. C., Conner, C. M., Mandell, D. L., White, S. W., & Mazefsky, C. A. (2024) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2023.0214 · Cited by 40
Rodgers, J., Goodwin, J., Nielsen, E., Bhattarai, N., Heslop, P., Kharatikoopaei, E., O’Connor, R. C., Ogundimu, E. O., Ramsay, S. E., Steele, K., et al. (2023) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-023-01264-8 · Cited by 26
“Many autistic people do not realise they are in crisis until it is too late, and due to societal barriers and differences in communication style to nonautistic people, it can be difficult to seek help [33, 34].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Camm-Crosbie, L., Bradley, L., Shaw, R., Baron-Cohen, S., & Cassidy, S.
- Affiliations
- Coventry University (GB)
- Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust (GB)
- University of Cambridge, UK
- University of Nottingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Cassidy, Sarah
- Venue
- Autism
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2018-11-29
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1431-1441
- ISSN
- 1362-3613 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7005
- PMC
- PMC6625034
- OpenAlex
- W2902777586
- Semantic Scholar
- c78ac9184bbe3ee6cd4d7890322a46658be3d3cb
- Cited by
- 415
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 62 · 2025: 79 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 8
- FWCI
- 11.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Autism (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Pure (Coventry University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Bedfordshire Repository (University of Bedfordshire) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Apollo (cc-by)
- Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/N000501/2)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Keywords
- autistic adults, mental illness, self-harm, suicidality, treatment access, mental health support, tailored treatment, well-being, suicide risk, lived experience
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Autistic Disorder, Mental Disorders, Female, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self-Injurious Behavior, Young Adult, Suicidal Ideation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-08, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-08 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
