The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with autism: a survey study across three countries
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported a negative psychological and mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This impact is likely to be stronger for people with autism as they are at heightened risk of mental health problems and because the pandemic directly affects social functioning and everyday routines. We therefore examined COVID-19 pandemic-related changes in mental health, the impact of the pandemic on their social life and routines, satisfaction with pandemic-related information and tips, and participants' wishes for guidance. METHODS: We used a mixed-method approach, collecting quantitative and qualitative survey data from adults with and without autism across three European countries: Belgium, the Netherlands, and the UK (N = 1044). RESULTS: We found an increase in depression and anxiety symptoms in response to the pandemic for both the non-autism and the autism group, which was greater for adults with autism. Furthermore, adults with autism showed a greater increase in worries about their pets, work, getting medication and food, and their own safety/security. They felt more relieved from social stress, yet experienced the loss of social contact as difficult. Adults with autism also felt more stressed about the loss of routines. Pleasant changes noted by adults with autism were the increase in solidarity and reduced sensory and social overload. Adults with autism frequently reported problems with cancellation of guidance due to the pandemic and expressed their wish for (more) autism-specific information and advice. LIMITATIONS: Our sample is likely to reflect some degree of selection bias, and longitudinal studies are needed to determine long-term effects. CONCLUSIONS: Results highlight the psychological burden of the pandemic on adults with autism and shed light on how to support them during this COVID-19 pandemic, which is especially important now that the pandemic is likely to have a prolonged course. There is a need for accessible, affordable (continued) support from health services. Guidance may focus on the maintenance of a social network, and adjusting routines to the rapid ongoing changes. Finally, we may learn from the COVID-19 pandemic-related changes experienced as pleasant by adults with autism to build a more autism-friendly society post-pandemic.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Many participants (in primarily qualitative studies) described struggling with work-life balance when WFH, particularly when work needed to be balanced with childcare and home-schooling.
“many participants (in primarily qualitative studies) described struggling with work-life balance when WFH, particularly when work needed to be balanced with childcare and home-schooling [50].”
From Homeworking experiences of neuro-divergent workers: systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [50]
Participants with ASD in one study described worrying about returning to in-person work because they feared they would be exhausted from sensory overload on their commute due to being out of the habit.
“Additionally, participants with ASD in one study [50] described worrying about returning to in-person work because they feared they would be exhausted from sensory overload on their commute due to being out of the habit.”
From Homeworking experiences of neuro-divergent workers: systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [50]
This meant they could choose to work during the hours they were most effective, taking breaks when needed, allowing them to feel they had greater autonomy.
“This meant they could choose to work during the hours they were most effective [57,59], taking breaks when needed [39,50], allowing them to feel they had greater autonomy [42,60].”
From Homeworking experiences of neuro-divergent workers: systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [50]
The pandemic and lockdowns negatively affected the mental health of neuro-divergent people, who often experienced greater psychological burden than neuro-typical individuals due to the loss of routines.
“Research suggests the pandemic and lockdowns negatively affected the mental health of neuro-divergent people [21], who often experienced greater psychological burden than neuro-typical individuals due to the loss of routines [50]”
From Homeworking experiences of neuro-divergent workers: systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [50]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Using thematic analysis in psychology
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006) · Qualitative Research in Psychology · doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa · Cited by 194,414 · see citing works
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2013) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 · Cited by 116,369 · see citing works
Controlling the False Discovery Rate: A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing
Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (1995) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x · Cited by 109,482 · see citing works
Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using <b>lme4</b>
Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B., & Walker, S. (2015) · Journal of Statistical Software · doi:10.18637/jss.v067.i01 · Cited by 86,835 · see citing works
A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder: The GAD-7
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & Löwe, B. (2006) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092 · Cited by 31,765 · see citing works
Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C. S., & Ho, R. C. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729 · Cited by 9,923 · see citing works
The PHQ-9: A New Depression Diagnostic and Severity Measure
Kroenke, K., & Spitzer, R. L. (2002) · Psychiatric Annals · doi:10.3928/0048-5713-20020901-06 · Cited by 5,898 · see citing works
The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China
Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934 · Cited by 5,843 · see citing works
Holmes, E. A., O'Connor, R. C., Perry, V. H., Tracey, I., Wessely, S., Arseneault, L., Ballard, C., Christensen, H., Cohen Silver, R., Everall, I., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30168-1 · Cited by 5,715 · see citing works
What Is the Male-to-Female Ratio in Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Loomes, R., Hull, L., & Mandy, W. P. L. (2017) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2017.03.013 · Cited by 2,804 · see citing works
Global Prevalence of Autism and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Elsabbagh, M., Divan, G., Koh, Y., Kim, Y. S., Kauchali, S., Marcín, C., Montiel‐Nava, C., Patel, V., Paula, C. S., Wang, C., et al. (2012) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.239 · Cited by 2,636 · see citing works
The positive false discovery rate: a Bayesian interpretation and the q-value
Storey, J. D. (2003) · The Annals of Statistics · doi:10.1214/aos/1074290335 · Cited by 2,204 · see citing works
Which terms should be used to describe autism? Perspectives from the UK autism community
Kenny, L., Hattersley, C., Molins, B., Buckley, C., Povey, C., & Pellicano, E. (2016) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361315588200 · Cited by 1,941 · see citing works
Fear of the coronavirus (COVID-19): Predictors in an online study conducted in March 2020
Mertens, G., Gerritsen, L., Duijndam, S., Salemink, E., & Engelhard, I. M. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102258 · Cited by 1,264 · see citing works
The Psychobiology of Depression and Resilience to Stress: Implications for Prevention and Treatment
Southwick, S. M., Vythilingam, M., & Charney, D. S. (2005) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143948 · Cited by 1,160 · see citing works
Tull, M. T., Edmonds, K. A., Scamaldo, K. M., Richmond, J. R., Rose, J. P., & Gratz, K. L. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113098 · Cited by 922 · see citing works
Zhang, S. X., Wang, Y., Rauch, A., & Wei, F. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112958 · Cited by 828 · see citing works
Lever, A. G., & Geurts, H. M. (2016) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2722-8 · Cited by 572 · see citing works
Asbury, K., Fox, L., Deniz, E., Code, A., & Toseeb, U. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04577-2 · Cited by 559 · see citing works
Psychosocial and Behavioral Impact of COVID-19 in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Online Parent Survey
Colizzi, M., Sironi, E., Antonini, F., Ciceri, M. L., Bovo, C., & Zoccante, L. (2020) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10060341 · Cited by 550 · see citing works
Taylor, M. R., Agho, K. E., Stevens, G. J., & Raphael, B. (2008) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-347 · Cited by 544 · see citing works
Psychological Predictors of Anxiety in Response to the H1N1 (Swine Flu) Pandemic
Wheaton, M. G., Abramowitz, J. S., Berman, N. C., Fabricant, L. E., & Olatunji, B. O. (2012) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-011-9353-3 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
The Construction and Validation of an Abridged Version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ-Short)
Hoekstra, R. A., Vinkhuyzen, A. A. E., Wheelwright, S., Bartels, M., Boomsma, D. I., Baron-Cohen, S., Posthuma, D., & van der Sluis, S. (2011) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-010-1073-0 · Cited by 506 · see citing works
Bury, S. M., Jellett, R., Spoor, J. R., & Hedley, D. (2023) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04425-3 · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Social Participation Among Young Adults with an Autism Spectrum Disorder
Orsmond, G. I., Shattuck, P. T., Cooper, B. P., Sterzing, P. R., & Anderson, K. A. (2013) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-013-1833-8 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Camm-Crosbie, L., Bradley, L., Shaw, R., Baron-Cohen, S., & Cassidy, S. (2019) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361318816053 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Smith, L., Jacob, L., Yakkundi, A., McDermott, D., Armstrong, N. C., Barnett, Y., López-Sánchez, G. F., Martin, S., Butler, L., & Tully, M. A. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113138 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Main, A., Zhou, Q., Ma, Y., Luecken, L. J., & Liu, X. (2011) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0023632 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Cooke, J. E., Eirich, R., Racine, N., & Madigan, S. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113347 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Levels of anxiety and sources of stress in adults with autism
Gillott, A., & Standen, P. J. (2007) · Journal of Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1177/1744629507083585 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Uncertainty, stress, and health
Greco, V., & Roger, D. (2003) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00091-0 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Renty, J. O., & Roeyers, H. (2006) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361306066604 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Predictive factors of psychological disorder development during recovery following SARS outbreak
Mihashi, M., Otsubo, Y., Yinjuan, X., Nagatomi, K., Hoshiko, M., & Ishitake, T. (2009) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013674 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Chen, J. L., Leader, G., Sung, C., & Leahy, M. (2015) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-014-0041-6 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Mutluer, T., Doenyas, C., & Aslan Genc, H. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.561882 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
COVID-19: overcoming the challenges faced by individuals with autism and their families
Eshraghi, A. A., Li, C. N., Alessandri, M., Messinger, D. S., Eshraghi, R. S., Mittal, R., & Armstrong, F. D. (2020) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30197-8 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Ameis, S. H., Lai, M., Mulsant, B. H., & Szatmári, P. (2020) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-020-00365-y · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Impacto de la COVID-19 en niños con trastorno del espectro autista
Amorim, R., Catarino, S., Miragaia, P., Ferreras, C., Viana, V., & Guardiano, M. (2020) · Revista de Neurología · doi:10.33588/rn.7108.2020381 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
White, L. C., Law, K., Daniels, A. M., Toroney, J., Vernoia, B. M., Xiao, S., Feliciano, P., & Chung, W. K. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04816-6 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Association of Comorbid Mood and Anxiety Disorders With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Kirsch, A. C., Huebner, A. R. S., Mehta, S. Q., Howie, F. R., Weaver, A. L., Myers, S. M., Voigt, R. G., & Katusic, S. K. (2020) · JAMA Pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4368 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Asbury, K., Fox, L., Deniz, E., et al. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/sevyd · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Managing Stress: The Needs of Autistic Adults in Video Calling
Zolyomi, A., Begel, A., Waldern, J. F., Tang, J., Barnett, M., Cutrell, E., McDuff, D., Andrist, S., & Morris, M. R. (2019) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3359236 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
van Asselt-Goverts, A. E., Embregts, P. J. C. M., Hendriks, A. H. C., Wegman, K. M., & Teunisse, J. (2014) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2279-3 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
for the ELGAN Study Investigators, Joseph, R. M., O’Shea, T. M., Allred, E. N., Heeren, T., & Kuban, K. (2017) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/pr.2017.267 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The experience and impact of anxiety in autistic adults: A thematic analysis
Robertson, A. E., Stanfield, A. C., Watt, J., Barry, F., Day, M., Cormack, M., & Melville, C. (2018) · Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2017.11.006 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Community Mental Health Services for Autistic Adults: Good News and Bad News
Maddox, B. B., & Gaus, V. L. (2018) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2018.0006 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Cohort profile: the Australian Longitudinal Study of Adults with Autism (ALSAA)
Arnold, S. R. C., Foley, K., Hwang, Y. I., Richdale, A. L., Uljarević, M., Lawson, L. P., Cai, R. Y., Falkmer, T., Falkmer, M., Lennox, N., et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030798 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Gonçalves, A. P., Zuanazzi, A. C., Salvador, A. P., Jaloto, A. M., Pianowski, G., & Carvalho, L. D. F. (2020) · Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy · doi:10.12740/app/122576 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Coping Strategies of Adults with High-Functioning Autism: A Qualitative Analysis
Dachez, J., & Ndobo, A. (2017) · Journal of Adult Development · doi:10.1007/s10804-017-9278-5 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Managing Stress: The Needs of Autistic Adults in Video Calling
Zolyomi, A., Begel, A., Waldern, J. F., Tang, J. C., Barnett, M., Cutrell, E., McDuff, D., Andrist, S., & Morris, M. R. (2019) · Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 51 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pellicano, E., Brett, S., den Houting, J., Heyworth, M., Magiati, I., Steward, R., Urbanowicz, A., & Stears, M. (2022) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613211035936 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Representativeness of autistic samples in studies recruiting through social media
Rødgaard, E., Jensen, K. L., Miskowiak, K. W., & Mottron, L. (2022) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2777 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo
Vital, A. A. F., GARCIA, A. H. C., SANTOS, A. P. D., Saad, A. G. D. F., DIAS, C. G. D. F., Miccas, C., de Araújo, C. O., MAGALHÃES, C. M., LOURENÇO, D. P. L., Galeti, F., et al. (2021) · doi:10.29327/558796 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Neurodiversity and remote work in times of crisis: lessons for HR
Szulc, J. M., McGregor, F.-L., & Cakir, E. (2023) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-06-2021-0469 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Spain, D., Mason, D., Simone, J., Stoppelbein, L., White, S. W., & Happe, F. G. E. (2021) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101747 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Cage, E., & McManemy, E. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.792945 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Workplace adjustments for autistic employees: what is ‘reasonable?’
Petty, S., Tunstall, L., Richardson, H., & Eccles, N. (2023) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05413-x · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Bundy, R., Mandy, W., Crane, L., Belcher, H., Bourne, L., Brede, J., Hull, L., Brinkert, J., & Cook, J. (2022) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613211065543 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Hedley, D., Hayward, S. M., Denney, K., Uljarević, M., Bury, S., Sahin, E., Brown, C. M., Clapperton, A., Dissanayake, C., Robinson, J., et al. (2021) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2614 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“…Autism spectrum disorder (ASD; henceforth ‘autism’) have a heightened vulnerability to mental ill-health (JokirantaOlkoniemi et al., 2021; Lai et al., 2019; Uljarevi c et al., 2020) and therefore may be particularly vulnerable to the impact of COVID-19 (Baweja et al., 2021; Oomen et al., 2021).”
BackgroundCOVID-19 and UK family carers: policy implications
Onwumere, J., Creswell, C., Livingston, G., Shiers, D., Tchanturia, K., Charman, T., Russell, A., Treasure, J. L., Forti, M. D., Wildman, E. K., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(21)00206-6 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Najeeb, P., & Quadt, L. (2024) · Neurodiversity · doi:10.1177/27546330241233088 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Fridell, A., Norrman, H. N., Girke, L., & Bölte, S. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19031268 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on daily life: diverse experiences for autistic adults
Maljaars, J., Gijbels, E., Evers, K., Spain, D., Rumball, F., Happé, F., & Noens, I. (2023) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05437-x · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Mosquera, M. L., Mandy, W., Pavlopoulou, G., & Dimitriou, D. (2021) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104057 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Taylor, S. C., Smernoff, Z., Rajan, M., Steeman, S. L., Gehringer, B. N., Dow, H. C., Barzilay, R., Rader, D. J., Bućan, M., Almasy, L. A., et al. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.01.046 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Autistic Adults: a Scoping Review
Scheeren, A. M., Crane, L., Heyworth, M., & Pellicano, E. (2023) · Current Developmental Disorders Reports · doi:10.1007/s40474-023-00268-6 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Jacques, C., Saulnier, G., Éthier, A., & Soulières, I. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05233-z · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Gilmore, D., Longo, A., Krantz, M., Radford, D., & Hand, B. N. (2022) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-022-01362-z · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Learning from autistic teachers: lessons about change in an era of COVID-19
Wood, R., Crane, L., Happé, F., & Moyse, R. (2024) · Educational Review · doi:10.1080/00131911.2022.2103521 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Kreysa, H., Schneider, D., Kowallik, A. E., Dastgheib, S. S., Doğdu, C., Kühn, G., Ruttloff, J. M., & Schweinberger, S. R. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10040714 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Stogiannos, N., Harvey-Lloyd, J. M., Brammer, A., Cleaver, K., McNulty, J. P., dos Reis, C. S., Nugent, B., Simcock, C. M., O’Regan, T., Bowler, D., et al. (2023) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2022.0051 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Simpson, K., & Adams, D. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05451-z · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Heyworth, M., Brett, S., den Houting, J., Magiati, I., Steward, R., Urbanowicz, A., Stears, M., & Pellicano, E. (2022) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2021.0097 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
RoutineAid: Externalizing Key Design Elements to Support Daily Routines of Individuals with Autism
Kim, B., Kim, S.-I., Park, S., Yoo, H. J., Hong, H., & Han, K. (2023) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3581048 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Scheeren, A. M., Howlin, P., Pellicano, E., Magiati, I., & Begeer, S. (2022) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2787 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Brooks, S. K., & Greenberg, N. L. (2023) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani13203294 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Realpe, A. X., Mills, N., Beasant, L., Douglas, S., Kenny, L., & Rai, D. (2023) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2022.0027 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Pandemia COVID-19. Perspektywa psychologiczna
(2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Wilbur, J., Clemens, F., Sweet, E., Banks, L. M., & Morrison, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Water · doi:10.3389/frwa.2022.983789 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Zawadzki, B., Popiel, A., Bielecki, M., Mroziński, B., & Pragłowska, E. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial03 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Nowe wyzwania dla neuropsychologii klinicznej: studia przypadku osób zakażonych wirusem SARS-CoV-2
Malinowska, E., Żarnecka, D., Wyszomirska, J., Hyniewska, S., Filon, M., & Łojek, E. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial07 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Rodziny z dziećmi i nastolatkami w czasach pandemii COVID- 19. Złożony obraz relacji
Gambin, M., Kmita, G., Woźniak‐Prus, M., Boruszak‐Kiziukiewicz, J., & Kubicka, K. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial10 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Sprawczość i wspólnotowość a lęk i samopoczucie w trakcie pandemii COVID-19
Wojtkowiak, N., & Hansen, K. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial05 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Ventura, M., Innamorato, F., Palmisano, A., Cicinelli, G., Nobile, E., Manippa, V., Keller, R., & Rivolta, D. (2023) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2922 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Secci, I., Petigas, L., Cuenod, A., Klauser, P., Kapp, C., Novatti, A., & Armando, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1151293 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Reynaud, È., Pottelette, J., Rabot, J., Rolling, J., Royant‐Parola, S., Hartley, S., Coutelle, R., & Schroder, C. M. (2022) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2692 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
COVID-19 a zaburzenia obsesyjno-kompulsyjne: czy pandemia zmienia obraz OCD?
Hryniszak, W., Sanna, K., & Szramka-Pawlak, B. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial09 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Mądrzycka-Borska, Z., Małek, K., Malinowska, E., Płatos, M., Wojnarowska, A., de Raad, W. E., & Osińska, A. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial12 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Maciantowicz, O., & Choiński, M. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial06 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Pisula, E., & Bargiel-Matusiewicz, K. M. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial08 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Powrót do rodzinnych domów w czasie pandemii COVID-19 w doświadczeniu polskich studentów
Wagner, A., & Cierpka, A. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial11 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Cyniak‐Cieciura, M., & Zawadzki, B. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial04 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Adamczyk, D., Jaworska, D., Affeltowicz, D., & Maison, D. A. (2022) · Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri eBooks · doi:10.47943/lib.9788363487607.rozdzial01 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Disability coaching in a pandemic
Doyle, N., & Bradley, E. (2022) · Journal of Work-Applied Management · doi:10.1108/jwam-07-2022-0042 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Macdonald, O., Green, A. C. A., Walker, A. J., Curtis, H. J., Croker, R., Brown, A., Butler-Cole, B. F. C., Andrews, C. D., Massey, J., Inglesby, P., et al. (2023) · BMJ Mental Health · doi:10.1136/bmjment-2023-300775 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The impact of depressive and anxious symptoms on quality of life in adults on the autism spectrum
Thiel, T., Riedelbauch, S., Gaigg, S., Roessner, V., & Ring, M. (2024) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.3144 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Health anxiety in autistic adults
Galvin, J., & Richards, G. (2023) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102146 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
McGowan, J. J., & Mcgregor, I. P. (2023) · International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS) · doi:10.1145/3597638.3608392 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Karpur, A., Vasudevan, V., Frazier, T. W., & Shih, A. J. (2022) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2022.101323 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Lew‐Koralewicz, A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19159468 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Mental-health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults with neurodevelopmental disorders
Shakeshaft, A., Blakey, R., Kwong, A. S. F., Riglin, L., Smith, G. D., Stergiakouli, E., Tilling, K. M., & Thapar, A. (2023) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.01.029 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Teixeira, O. F. B., Xavier, S. P. L., Félix, N. D. D. C., da Silva, J. W. M., de Abreu, R. M. S. X., & Miranda, K. C. L. (2022) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.5965.3729 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Friedman, S., Noble, R., Archer, S., Gibson, J. L., & Hughes, C. H. (2023) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613231166462 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Aolymat, I., Al‐Tamimi, M., Al-Momani, H., Abu-Hassan, D. W., Alzayadneh, E. M., Al-Husban, N. A., Mahmoud, S. A. H., & Alsheikh, A. D. I. (2023) · Women s Health · doi:10.1177/17455057221150099 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Płatos, M., Wojaczek, K., & Laugeson, E. A. (2023) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-023-05921-y · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Evers, K., Gijbels, E., Maljaars, J., Rumball, F., Spain, D., Happe, F. G. E., & Noens, I. L. J. (2022) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613221119749 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Uncertainty, Sensory Processing, and Stress in Autistic Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Cardon, G. J., & Bradley, M. (2023) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102202 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Arazi, A., Koller, J., Zachor, D., Golan, O., Sadaka, Y., Eytan, D., Stolar, O., Atzaba-Poria, N., Golan, H., Menashe, I., et al. (2022) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09681 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Harris, E., & Carciofo, R. (2023) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2023.2224872 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Riese, B., & Mukherjee, R. (2021) · Advances in Autism · doi:10.1108/aia-06-2021-0026 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Simone, J., Mason, D., Colvert, E., Agnew‐Blais, J. C., & Happe, F. G. E. (2022) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2021.0078 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Homeworking experiences of neuro-divergent workers: systematic review
Brooks, S. K., Hall, C. E., Rogers, M. B., & Greenberg, N. (2024) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqae095 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
A qualitative study of autistic adults’ quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns
Stewart, G. R., Leoni, M., Charlton, R. A., Pickard, H. R., & Happé, F. (2023) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2022.0035 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Tovin, M. M., & Núñez-Gaunaurd, A. (2024) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/pzae005 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Warwicker, S., Sant, D., Richard, A., Cutajar, J., Bellizzi, A., Micallef, G., Refalo, D., Camilleri, L., & Grech, A. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20021194 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The Experiences of Autistic People When Facemask Wearing and Interacting with Masked Individuals
Clegg, A., Wood, J., Hobson, H., & Sedgewick, F. (2023) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1089/aut.2022.0091 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Granger, C., Hameed, Z., & Kelly, R. (2023) · BMJ Leader · doi:10.1136/leader-2023-000809 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The Impact of COVID-19 on Sleep in Autistic Adults: Longitudinal Comparisons pre and During Lockdown
Halstead, E. J., Sullivan, E. C., & Dimitriou, D. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.708339 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Nisticò, V., Fior, G., Faggioli, R., Priori, A., Gambini, O., & Demartini, B. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10050782 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
National Autism Indicators Report: Mental Health
Rast, J. E., Garfield, T., Roux, A. M., Miller, K. H. K., Hund, L. M., Tao, S., Kerns, C. M., Rosenau, K. A., Hotez, E., & Anderson, K. A. (2021) · doi:10.17918/nairmentalhealth2021 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Fortin-Bédard, N., Lamontagne, M., Ladry, N.-J., Bouchard, D., Lettre, J., Desmarais, C., Boucher, N., Best, K. L., Raymond, É., Fougeyrollas, P., et al. (2023) · Disabilities · doi:10.3390/disabilities3010002 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
COVID-19: Impacto da pandemia nos indivíduos do Espectro Autista
de Albuquerque, M. A. C., Costa, A. D. S. M., Silva, J. P. D. S. E., Freire, K. D. M., Silva, L. A. D. L., Eugênio, N. V. D. S., Santos, R. E. G. S. D. S., Quaio, T. M., Bernardes, V. M. R., & de Souza, M. B. R. (2022) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28212 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Naheed, A., Islam, M. S., Brooks, M. B., Fawzi, M. C. S., Ashraf, M. N., Ahmed, H. U., Uddin, M. J., Koly, K. N., Galea, J. T., Akhter, S., et al. (2022) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2022.16 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Day, T. C., Gerber, A. S., McNair, M. L., Reicher, D., & Lerner, M. D. (2023) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2959 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
McKenney, E. E., Cucchiara, C. L., & Gotham, K. O. (2023) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2023.2283742 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Moral distress and moral injury in the context of autism
Al‐Attar, Z., & Worthington, R. (2024) · Advances in Autism · doi:10.1108/aia-05-2023-0025 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Athbah, S. Y. (2021) · Journal of Educational and Social Research · doi:10.36941/jesr-2021-0130 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The experience of the COVID-19 pandemic by persons with ASD: Social aspects
Błeszyński, J. J., Rumińska, A., Hamerlińska, A., Stefańska-Klar, R., & Warszawa, A. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0267123 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Callahan, R., Kail, B., Lerman, D. C., Johnson-Patagoc, K., & Whitcher, D. (2022) · Behavior Analysis in Practice · doi:10.1007/s40617-022-00681-0 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Aslan, S. D., Şahin, C. H., & Ergenekon, Y. (2022) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1080/20473869.2022.2152969 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Hou, L., & Shi, W. (2023) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2023.102106 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Cunningham, C., Macdonald, O., Schaffer, A. L., Brown, A. D., Wiedemann, M., Higgins, R., Bates, C. J., Parry, J., Fisher, L., Curtis, H. J., et al. (2025) · BMJ Mental Health · doi:10.1136/bmjment-2024-301378 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Priori, A., Bai, F., Rovito, R., Marchetti, G. C., Monforte, A. D., Papa, G. F. S., Pellegrino, G. M., Centanni, S., Chiumello, D., Bonifazi, M., et al. (2021) · doi:10.54103/milanoup.57 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Sabapathy, T., Goss, M., Borelli, J. L., & Steinberg-Epstein, R. (2022) · Advances in Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.yapd.2022.04.001 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Taniguchi, E., Conant, K. D., Keller, K., & Kim, S. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11164855 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Uncertainty and Autism: How Changing with the Times is Harder for Some
Sheridan, K., Allen, K., Foggo, R. S. V., Hurem, A., Leif, E., & Freeman, N. C. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7757-2_13 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Dallman, A., Wilson, K. P., & Friesner, E. (2023) · American Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.5014/ajot.2023.050049 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., Yao, S., Sindermann, C., Rozgonjuk, D., Zhou, M., Riedl, R., & Montag, C. (2023) · Telematics and Informatics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.teler.2023.100067 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Examining Adolescents' Mental Health Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Yarger, H. A., Shariq, D. A., Hickey, A. C., Giacobbe, E., Dziura, S. L., & Redcay, E. (2023) · Merrill-palmer Quarterly · doi:10.1353/mpq.2023.a909257 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Among Self-Medicating Autistic Adults
Papadopoulos, C., Adkin, T., Munday, K., & Gray-Hammond, D. (2025) · Neurodiversity · doi:10.1177/27546330251344453 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-reported autistic traits and psychosocial outcomes among university students in Malaysia
Low, H. M., Zainal, M. S., Pang, J. C., Ang, Y., & de Vries, M. (2023) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613231167501 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Remote autism assessments – lessons learned from the Covid-19 pandemic: a service evaluation
Hartley, J., Purrington, J., & Hartley, G. (2023) · Advances in Autism · doi:10.1108/aia-08-2022-0043 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Children with ASD—The Lessons That We Learned from the Pandemic
Stankova, M., Kamenski, T., Ivanov, I. S., & Mihova, P. (2023) · Children · doi:10.3390/children10060969 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Llobet, M. P., Roger, M. R., Silva, T. N. S., Gimenez, G. P., Agüera, Z., Lluch‐Canut, T., Roldán-Merino, J. F., Arroyo, C. M., Prats-Arimon, M., Sánchez-Ortega, M. A., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1080/17482631.2023.2288100 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Palma, R., Lam, H. C., Shrivastava, A., Karlinsey, E., Nguyen, K., Deol, P., Sharmin, M., & Ahmed, S. (2023) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28032-0_24 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Laet, H. D., Nijhof, A., & Wiersema, J. (2026) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.reia.2026.202814 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Towards an Autistic User Experience (aUX) Design for Assistive Technologies
Trew, S., & Brown, S. A. (2023) · Springer series on cultural computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28138-9_10 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Bodnar, T. S., Chao, A., Holman, P. J., Ellis, L. A., Raineki, C., & Weinberg, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1214100 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Exploring the Paradigm of Co-Produced Research Within the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Kenny, N., Neilson, S., O’Kelly, J., Doyle, J. K., & McDonald, J. (2024) · International perspectives on inclusive education · doi:10.1108/s1479-363620240000023012 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Tawankanjanachot, N., Melville, C. A., Truesdale, M., & Kidd, L. (2024) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-024-02492-w · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Oomen, D., Nijhof, A. D., & Wiersema, J. R.
- Affiliations
- Ghent University (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Oomen, Danna
- Venue
- Molecular Autism
- Published
- 2021-03-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 21-21
- ISSN
- 2040-2392 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7927758
- OpenAlex
- W3119734246
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 15
- FWCI
- 21.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Molecular Autism (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds (BOF18/DOC/348)
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO19/PDJ/025)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Social impacts of COVID-19
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, autism spectrum disorder, mental health, depression, anxiety, routine disruption, autistic adults
- MeSH terms
- Social Interaction, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety, Autistic Disorder, Belgium, Depression, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Netherlands, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress, Psychological, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
