Predicting short-term weight loss using four leading health behavior change theories
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BACKGROUND: This study was conceived to analyze how exercise and weight management psychosocial variables, derived from several health behavior change theories, predict weight change in a short-term intervention. The theories under analysis were the Social Cognitive Theory, the Transtheoretical Model, the Theory of Planned Behavior, and Self-Determination Theory. METHODS: Subjects were 142 overweight and obese women (BMI = 30.2 +/- 3.7 kg/m2; age = 38.3 +/- 5.8 y), participating in a 16-week University-based weight control program. Body weight and a comprehensive psychometric battery were assessed at baseline and at program's end. RESULTS: Weight decreased significantly (-3.6 +/- 3.4%, p < .001) but with great individual variability. Both exercise and weight management psychosocial variables improved during the intervention, with exercise-related variables showing the greatest effect sizes. Weight change was significantly predicted by each of the models under analysis, particularly those including self-efficacy. Bivariate and multivariate analyses results showed that change in variables related to weight management had a stronger predictive power than exercise-specific predictors and that change in weight management self-efficacy was the strongest individual correlate (p < .05). Among exercise predictors, with the exception of self-efficacy, importance/effort and intrinsic motivation towards exercise were the stronger predictors of weight reduction (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The present models were able to predict 20-30% of variance in short-term weight loss and changes in weight management self-efficacy accounted for a large share of the predictive power. As expected from previous studies, exercise variables were only moderately associated with short-term outcomes; they are expected to play a larger explanatory role in longer-term results.
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Baseline self-efficacy appraisals may be overly optimistic and unconnected to practical skills or opportunities to overcome possible obstacles encountered in personal life or at work.
“Supported by previous research (29,30) , our findings also suggest that baseline self-efficacy appraisals may be overly optimistic and unconnected to practical skills or opportunities to overcome possible obstacles encountered in personal life or at work.”
From Weight loss by mobile phone: a 1-year effectiveness study (2009) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Palmeira, A. L., Teixeira, P. J., Branco, T. L., Martins, S. S., Minderico, C. S., Barata, J. T., Serpa, S. O., & Sardinha, L. B.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (PT)
- Corresponding author
- Palmeira, António L
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
- Published
- 2007
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14
- ISSN
- 1479-5868 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1868036
- OpenAlex
- W1978888299
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 13.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- weight loss prediction, health behavior change theories, social cognitive theory, transtheoretical model, theory of planned behavior, self-determination theory, exercise self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, weight management interventions
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