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Cited by 204Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchChild Abuse and TraumaTraumatic Brain Injury Research

The combined effect of gender and age on post traumatic stress disorder: do men and women show differences in the lifespan distribution of the disorder?

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Ditlevsen, Daniel N, Elklit, Ask·2010·Annals of General Psychiatry
DOI 10.1186/1744-859x-9-32PMC PMC2917414
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to examine the combined effect of gender and age on post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in order to describe a possible gender difference in the lifespan distribution of PTSD. METHODS: Data were collected from previous Danish and Nordic studies of PTSD or trauma. The final sample was composed of 6,548 participants, 2,768 (42.3%) men and 3,780 (57.7%) women. PTSD was measured based on the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, part IV (HTQ-IV). RESULTS: Men and women differed in lifespan distribution of PTSD. The highest prevalence of PTSD was seen in the early 40s for men and in the early 50s for women, while the lowest prevalence for both genders was in the early 70s. Women had an overall twofold higher PTSD prevalence than men. However, at some ages the female to male ratio was nearly 3:1. The highest female to male ratio was found for the 21 to 25 year-olds. CONCLUSIONS: The lifespan gender differences indicate the importance of including reproductive factors and social responsibilities in the understanding of the development of PTSD.

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  • The finding that undergraduate participants reported significantly more frequent memory intrusions and avoidance behaviours than aphantasic participants in response to stressful life events may be explained by the typically higher prevalence of PTSD diagnosis and symptomatology amongst females (and younger females in particular).

    “For example, our finding that undergraduate participants reported significantly more frequent memory intrusions and avoidance behaviours than aphantasic participants in response to stressful life events may be explained by the typically higher prevalence of PTSD diagnosis and symptomatology amongst females30 (and younger females in particular31).”

    From A cognitive profile of multi-sensory imagery, memory and dreaming in aphantasia (2020) · cites this paper as [31]

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  1. Erikson EH The life cycle completed: A review - Extended version 1998 New York, USA: W. W. Norton & Company

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Authors
Ditlevsen, D. N., & Elklit, A.
Affiliations
University of Southern Denmark (DK)
Corresponding author
Elklit, Ask
ORCID
Elklit, Ask
Venue
Annals of General Psychiatry
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2010-07-21
Volume
9
Issue
1
Pages
32-32
ISSN
1744-859X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/1744-859x-9-32
PMC
PMC2917414
OpenAlex
W2096693006
Cited by
204
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 11
FWCI
9.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Annals of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, gender differences, age differences, PTSD prevalence, female-to-male ratio, reproductive factors, social responsibility, trauma

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