CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,489Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchMigration, Health and TraumaPsychometric Methodologies and Testing

The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire: Validating a Cross-Cultural Instrument for Measuring Torture, Trauma, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Indochinese Refugees

MOLLICA, RICHARD F., CASPI-YAVIN, YAEL, BOLLINI, PAOLA, TRUONG, TOAN, TOR, SVANG, LAVELLE, JAMES·1992·The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
DOI 10.1097/00005053-199202000-00008
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

There are no valid and reliable cross-cultural instruments capable of measuring torture, trauma, and trauma-related symptoms associated with the DSM-III-R diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Generating such standardized instruments for patients from non-Western cultures involves particular methodological challenges. This study describes the development and validation of three Indochinese versions of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), a simple and reliable screening instrument that is well received by refugee patients and bicultural staff. It identifies for the first time trauma symptoms related to the Indochinese refugee experience that are associated with PTSD criteria. The HTQ's cultural sensitivity may make it useful for assessing other highly traumatized non-Western populations.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/00005053-199202000-00008

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Functional impairment assessment was based on qualitative data from the study villages.

    “Functional impairment was based on the degree of difficulty in performing important tasks of daily living that were identified on the basis of qualitative data from the study villages, with the use of methods described elsewhere.16,26”

    From Controlled trial of psychotherapy for Congolese survivors of sexual violence (2013) · cites this paper as [16]

  • The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire is a validated cross-cultural screening instrument designed to assess torture, trauma exposure, and trauma-related symptoms in refugees.

    “The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire is a validated cross-cultural screening instrument designed to assess torture, trauma exposure, and trauma-related symptoms in refugees.”

    From Identifying resilience-promoting factors for refugee survivors of torture (2022) · cites this paper as Mollica et al., 1992

  • The HTQ has high test-retest reliability (α = .89) and internal consistency (α = .90).

    “The HTQ has been reported to have high test-retest reliability ( α = .89) internal consistency ( α = .90; Mollica et al., 1992)”

    From Identifying resilience-promoting factors for refugee survivors of torture (2022) · cites this paper as Mollica et al., 1992

  • The primary outcome measure was self-reported PTSD symptoms assessed using part IV of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), which has been developed primarily for trauma-affected refugees and validated in several languages and settings.

    “The primary outcome measure was self-reported PTSD symptoms assessed using part IV of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), which has been developed primarily for trauma-affected refugees and validated in several languages and settings [26, 27].”

    From Treatment of trauma-affected refugees with venlafaxine versus sertraline combined with psychotherapy - a randomised study (2016) · cites this paper as [26]

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
MOLLICA, R. F., CASPI-YAVIN, Y., BOLLINI, P., TRUONG, T., TOR, S., & LAVELLE, J.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • St. Elizabeth's Medical Center (US)
ORCID
MOLLICA, RICHARD F.
Venue
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
1992-02
Volume
180
Issue
2
Pages
111-116
ISSN
0022-3018 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/00005053-199202000-00008
OpenAlex
W4292855834
Cited by
1,489
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 56 · 2025: 92 · 2024: 66 · 2023: 92 · 2022: 100 · 2021: 98 · 2020: 103 · 2019: 73 · 2018: 90 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 71 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 63 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 54
FWCI
6.74
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords
Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, post-traumatic stress disorder, torture, trauma symptoms, Indochinese refugees, cross-cultural assessment, screening tool, cultural sensitivity, instrument validation, refugee mental health

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review