d-Cycloserine as an augmentation strategy for cognitive behavioral therapy of anxiety disorders
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The goal of this review is to examine the clinical studies on d-cycloserine, a partial glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate agonist, as an augmentation strategy for exposure procedures during cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders. Although cognitive behavioral therapy and anxiolytic medications are more effective than placebo for treating anxiety disorders, there is still considerable room for further improvement. Traditional combination strategies typically yield disappointing results. However, recent studies based on translational research have shown promise to augment the neural circuitry underlying fear extinction with pharmacological means. We discuss the current state of the literature, including inconsistencies of findings and issues concerning the drug mechanism, dosing, and dose timing. D-cycloserine is a promising combination strategy for cognitive behavioral therapy of anxiety disorders by augmenting extinction learning. However, there is also evidence to suggest that d-cycloserine can facilitate reconsolidation of fear memory when exposure procedures are unsuccessful.
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The effectiveness of DCS as an adjunct therapy may be related to the degree of fear reduction observed during individual exposure therapy sessions.
“However, more recent reports from the latter group suggest that the effectiveness of DCS as an adjunct therapy may be related to the degree of fear reduction observed during individual exposure therapy sessions (76, 77)”
From Conditioned fear associated phenotypes as robust, translational indices of trauma-, stressor-, and anxiety-related behaviors (2014) · cites this paper as [76]
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- Authors
- Hofmann, S. G., Wu, J. Q., & Boettcher, H.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hofmann, Stefan G
- Venue
- Biology of Mood & Anxiety Disorders
- Published
- 2013-06-15
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 11-11
- ISSN
- 2045-5380 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3686620
- OpenAlex
- W2158204953
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 14.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biology of Mood & Anxiety Disorders (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (submittedVersion)
- OpenBU (Boston University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- D-cycloserine, cognitive behavioral therapy, anxiety disorders, augmentation therapy, NMDA receptor agonist, fear extinction, exposure therapy, fear memory reconsolidation, drug augmentation, timing of drug administration
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