A behavioural neuroscience perspective on the aetiology and treatment of anxiety disorders

Kindt, Merel

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.08.012

Cited by 103Memory and Neural MechanismsAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMemory Processes and Influences

A behavioural neuroscience perspective on the aetiology and treatment of anxiety disorders

Kindt, Merel·2014·Behaviour Research and Therapy

DOI 10.1016/j.brat.2014.08.012

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Abstract

Over the past decades, behaviour and cognitive psychology have produced fruitful and mutually converging theories from which hypotheses could be derived on the nature and origin of fear and anxiety disorders. Notwithstanding the emergence of effective treatments, there are still many questions that remain to be answered. Here, I will argue that the burgeoning field of behavioural neuroscience may advance our understanding of fear, anxiety disorders and its treatments. Decades of fear-conditioning research across species have begun to elucidate the neurobiological mechanisms underlying associative fear learning and memory. The fear-conditioning paradigm provides a well-controlled and fine-grained research platform to examine these processes. Although the traditional fear conditioning paradigm was originally designed to unveil general principles of fear (un)learning, it is well-suited to understand the transition from normal fear to pathological fear and the mechanisms of change. This paper presents 1) a selection of fear conditioning studies on the generalization and persistence of associative fear memory as intermediate phenotypes of fear and anxiety disorders, and 2) insights from neuroscience on the malleability of fear memory with the potential to provide a long-term cure for anxiety and related disorders.

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Fear conditioning has become widely regarded as a valid experimental model of clinical anxiety disorders.
“Fear conditioning has become widely regarded as a valid experimental model of clinical anxiety disorders and thus it is hoped that further advances in the scientific study of fear-conditioning processes will yield translational benefits in the form of optimized pathophysiological models of these common mental health disorders.2”
From Neural signatures of human fear conditioning: an updated and extended meta-analysis of fMRI studies (2016) · cites this paper as [2]

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Neural signatures of human fear conditioning: an updated and extended meta-analysis of fMRI studies
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Preliminary Evidence for the Treatment of Performance Blocks in Sport: The Efficacy of EMDR With Graded Exposure
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Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) as a Treatment for Traumatized Refugees and Post-conflict Populations
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From neuroscience to evidence based psychological treatments – The promise and the challenge, ECNP March 2016, Nice, France
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Behavioral Activation as a Principle-Based Treatment: Developments from a Multi-Site Collaboration to Advance Adolescent Depression Treatment
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Novelty facilitates the persistence of aversive memory extinction by dopamine regulation in the hippocampus and ventral tegmental area
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Expanding the toolset of experimental Psychopathology: The Trier Social Stress Test induces a personally relevant emotional memory
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Endocannabinoid metabolism inhibition has no effect on spontaneous fear recovery or extinction resistance in Lister hooded rats
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Authors: Kindt, M.
Affiliations: University of Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author: Kindt, Merel
ORCID: Kindt, Merel
Venue: Behaviour Research and Therapy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-11
Volume: 62
Pages: 24-36
ISSN: 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2014.08.012
OpenAlex: W2015776484
Cited by: 103
References: 229
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 1
FWCI: 6.51
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion)
UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Keywords: anxiety disorders, fear conditioning, fear generalization, fear extinction, endophenotypes, anxiety treatment
MeSH terms: Anxiety Disorders, Association Learning, Conditioning, Psychological, Extinction, Psychological, Fear, Humans, Neurosciences

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A behavioural neuroscience perspective on the aetiology and treatment of anxiety disorders

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