Iterative development of Vegethon: a theory-based mobile app intervention to increase vegetable consumption
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Mobile technology may serve as a cost-effective and scalable tool for delivering behavioral nutrition interventions. This research sought to iteratively develop a theory-driven mobile app, Vegethon, to increase vegetable consumption. METHODS: Development of Vegethon followed phases outlined by the IDEAS framework: 1) empathize with users (qualitative interviews, n = 18); 2) specify target behavior; 3) ground in behavioral theory; 4) ideate implementation strategies; 5) prototype potential products; 6) gather user feedback (qualitative interviews, n = 14; questionnaire, n = 41); 7) build minimum viable product; and 8) pilot potential efficacy and usability (pilot RCT, n = 17). Findings from each phase informed subsequent phases. The target population that informed intervention development was 18-50 years of age, had BMIs of 28-40 kg/m(2), and lived in the geographical area surrounding Stanford University. A full description of the final version of Vegethon is included in the paper. RESULTS: Qualitative findings that shaped initial intervention conception were: participants' interests in accountability without judgment; their desire for simple and efficient dietary self-monitoring; and the importance of planning meals in advance. Qualitative findings identified during intervention refinement were the need for a focus on vegetable self-monitoring; inclusion of vegetable challenges; simplification of features; advice and inspiration for eating vegetables; reminder notifications; and peer comparison. Pilot RCT findings suggested the initial efficacy, acceptance, and feasibility of the intervention. The final version of Vegethon enabled easy self-monitoring of vegetable consumption and included a range of features designed to engage the user (e.g., surprise challenges; leaderboard; weekly reports). Vegethon was coded for its inclusion of 18 behavior change techniques (BCTs) (e.g., goal setting; feedback; social comparison; prompts/cues; framing/reframing; identity). CONCLUSIONS: Vegethon is a theory-based, user-informed mobile intervention that was systematically developed using the IDEAS framework. Vegethon targets increased vegetable consumption among overweight adults and is currently being evaluated in a randomized controlled efficacy trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials.gov: NCT01826591.
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- Authors
- Mummah, S. A., King, A. C., Gardner, C. D., & Sutton, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mummah, Sarah A.
- King, Abby C.
- Gardner, Christopher D.
- Sutton, Stephen
- Venue
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
- Published
- 2016-08-08
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 90-90
- ISSN
- 1479-5868 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4977881
- OpenAlex
- W2508282915
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 18.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Apollo (cc-by)
- Funders
- Gates Cambridge Trust
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK0091831)
- Nutrition Science Initiative
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- mobile health intervention, vegetable consumption, dietary self-monitoring, IDEAS framework, behaviour change techniques, overweight adults, user-centered design, meal planning, social comparison, peer competition, dietary behavior change
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Behavior Therapy, Diet, Eating, Feasibility Studies, Feedback, Feeding Behavior, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Obesity, Pilot Projects, Surveys and Questionnaires, Vegetables, Health Behavior, Telemedicine, Overweight, Mobile Applications
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