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Cited by 6Sports Performance and TrainingMuscle metabolism and nutritionThermoregulation and physiological responses

The effects of a novel bicarbonate loading protocol on serum bicarbonate concentration: a randomized controlled trial

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Marcus, Adam, Rossi, Amerigo, Cornwell, Andrew, Hawkins, Steven A., Khodiguian, Nazareth·2019·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
DOI 10.1186/s12970-019-0309-4PMC PMC6751854
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Abstract

Background Previous studies have shown that sodium bicarbonate ingestion may enhance intense exercise performance, but may also cause severe gastrointestinal distress. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a modified sodium bicarbonate (SB) ingestion protocol would elevate serum bicarbonate concentration more than previous methods without causing gastrointestinal distress.Methods In randomized order, seven (5 men, 2 women) elite middle-distance runners ingested either placebo, Modified SB (600 mg·kg− 1 over 19.5 h), or Acute SB (300 mg·kg− 1) in opaque gelatin capsules. Baseline and post-ingestion blood samples were analyzed for bicarbonate, pH, sodium, hematocrit, and lactate. Repeated measures ANOVA (2 time points × 3 conditions) were analyzed to determine differences in serum bicarbonate, lactate, sodium, blood pH, and hematocrit. Gastrointestinal distress was assessed via self-report on a Likert scale of 1–10. Simple (condition) and repeated (time) within-participant contrasts were used to determine the location of any statistically significant main and interaction effects (p ≤ 0.05).Results Both Modified SB (7.6 mmol·L− 1, p < 0.01) and Acute SB (5.8 mmol·L− 1, p < 0.01) increased serum bicarbonate concentration compared to the placebo (p ≤ 0.05). Post-ingestion serum bicarbonate concentration was significantly higher for the Modified SB (34.7 ± 2.2 mmol·L− 1, 28.0% increase) trials than the Acute SB (33.5 ± 2.0 mmol·L− 1, 20.9% increase) trials (p = 0.05). There was no reported severe GI distress in the Modified SB trials, but two cases in the Acute SB trials.Conclusions Modified SB elevated serum bicarbonate concentration more than Acute SB, without any severe gastrointestinal side effects. Consequently, it is recommended that future experimentation involving SB by researchers and athletes use the novel ingestion protocol described in this study due to its potential for improved effectiveness and reduced gastrointestinal impact.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03813329 . Registered 23 January 2019 - Retrospectively registered,

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Authors
Marcus, A., Rossi, A., Cornwell, A., Hawkins, S. A., & Khodiguian, N.
Affiliations
  • Long Island University (US)
  • California State University Los Angeles (US)
  • California Lutheran University (US)
Corresponding author
Rossi, Amerigo
ORCID
Rossi, Amerigo
Venue
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2019-01-15
Volume
16
Issue
1
Pages
41-41
ISSN
1550-2783 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12970-019-0309-4
PMC
PMC6751854
OpenAlex
W2974622875
Cited by
5
References
29
Citations by year
2023: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2
FWCI
0.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Keywords
sodium bicarbonate ingestion, gastrointestinal distress, middle-distance runners, exercise performance, blood lactate, blood pH, hematocrit, sodium bicarbonate
MeSH terms
Adult, Bicarbonates, Female, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hematocrit, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Male, Running, Sodium, Sodium Bicarbonate, Lactic Acid, Young Adult, Athletes

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