Bicarbonate ingestion: Effects of dosage on 60 s cycle ergometry
Abstract
Nine healthy male subjects who were all participating in athletic events volunteered to take part in this study, the aim of which was to determine whether there are specific dosages of sodium bicarbonate (HCO3-) that are useful as an ergogenic aid as far as anaerobic performance times are concerned. A control, placebo (CaCO3 500 mg kg-1) and five dosages of bicarbonate (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg kg-1) were used. The anaerobic test consisted of pedalling a Repco Exertech cycle ergometer for 1 min during which total work (kJ) and peak power (W) were measured. The subjects completed more work in the 200 (P < 0.05), 300, 400 and 500 mg kg-1 (P < 0.005) trials with most work being undertaken in the 300 mg kg-1 trial (41.9 kJ min-1). Peak power was not significantly different from the control until the 300 mg kg-1 dose, and there were no further changes from this with increasing doses of HCO3-. The highest level of peak power achieved was 1295 +/- 72.8 W at the 300 mg kg-1 dosage. Blood pH indicated that after ingestion of all but the 100 mg kg-1 dose, a state of alkalosis was achieved (P < 0.005), and this was also indicated by changes in base excess. Bicarbonate levels increased post-ingestion in all but the 100 mg kg-1 dose, with these changes reflecting the changes that occurred in the work output. Blood lactate (BLa) levels increased post-exercise (P < 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The common or recommended dose of oral sodium bicarbonate supplement is 300 mg/kg body mass.
“The common or recommended dose of oral sodium bicarbonate supplement is 300 mg·kg−1 body mass [23,24,25,26,27,28]”
From Effects of Enteric-Coated Formulation of Sodium Bicarbonate on Bicarbonate Absorption and Gastrointestinal Discomfort (2024) · cites this paper as [28]
Cites
Textbook of Medical Physiology
Guyton, A. C., & Hall, J. E. (1966) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-64-6-1363_2 · Cited by 9,760 · see citing works
Beaton, A. E., & Keppel, G. (1975) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.2307/1162588 · Cited by 5,857 · see citing works
Book Review: Design and Analysis: A Researcher's Handbook
Aaker, D. A., & Keppel, G. (1976) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3150757 · Cited by 2,033 · see citing works
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica
(2010) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/(issn)1365-201x · Cited by 839 · see citing works
Lactic acid in amphibian muscle1
Fletcher, W. M., & Hopkins, F. G. (1907) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1907.sp001194 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
&NA; (1990) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199004000-00001 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Blood and muscle pH after maximal exercise in man
Hermansen, L., & Osnes, J. B. (1972) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1972.32.3.304 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Estimation of arterial PO2, PCO2, pH, and lactate from arterialized venous blood
Forster, H. V., Dempsey, J. A., Thomson, J. L., Vidruk, E. H., & doPico, G. A. (1972) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1972.32.1.134 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Effect of PH on muscle glycolysis during exercise.
Sutton, J., Jones, N., & Toews, C. (1981) · Clinical science · doi:10.1042/cs0610331 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Donaldson, S. K. B., Hermansen, L., & Bolles, L. L. (1978) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00585248 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Lactate, ATP, and CP in working muscles during exhaustive exercise in man
Karlsson, J., & Saltin, B. (1970) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1970.29.5.598 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Effect of pH on cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses to exercise
Jones, N. L., Sutton, J. R., Taylor, R., & Toews, C. J. (1977) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1977.43.6.959 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Karlsson, J. (1971) · PubMed · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Mainwood, G. W., & Worsley‐Brown, P. (1975) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1975.sp011040 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Acid-base balance after maximal exercise of short duration
Osnes, J. B., & Hermansen, L. (1972) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1972.32.1.59 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Lactate in human skeletal muscle after 10 and 30 s of supramaximal exercise
Jacobs, I. A., Tesch, P. A., Bar‐Or, O., Karlsson, J., & Dotan, R. (1983) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1983.55.2.365 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Acid-Base Balance during Repeated Bouts of Exercise: Influence of HCO3
COSTILL, D. L., VERSTAPPEN, F. T. J., Kuipers, H., Janssen, E., & Fink, W. (1984) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025910 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Effect of acute induced metabolic alkalosis on 800-m racing time
WILKES, D., GLEDHILL, N., & SMYTH, R. (1983) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-198315040-00004 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Effects of changes of pH and of carbon dioxide tension on left ventricular performance
Ng, M., Levy, M., & Zieske, H. A. (1967) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1967.213.1.115 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Induced metabolic alkalosis and its effects on 400-m racing time
Goldfinch, J., McNaughton, L. R., & Davies, P. H. O. (1988) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00691236 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of previous exercise with arms or legs on metabolism and performance in exhaustive exercise
Karlsson, J., Bonde-Petersen, F., Henriksson, J., & Knuttgen, H. G. (1975) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1975.38.5.763 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Influence of sodium bicarbonate on sprint performance
Horswill, C. A., COSTILL, D. L., Fink, W. J., Flynn, M. G., Kirwan, J. P., Mitchell, J. B., & Houmard, J. A. (1988) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-198812000-00008 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Maximal Exercise Tolerance After Induced Alkalosis
Katz, A., COSTILL, D. L., King, D. S., Hargreaves, M., & Fink, W. (1984) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025890 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Metabolic and blood catecholamine responses to exercise during alkalosis
Bouissou, P., Defer, G. L., Guezennec, C. Y., Estrade, P., & Serrurier, B. (1988) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-198806000-00003 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Parry-billings, M., & Maclaren, D. (2004) · European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00421648 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Maximal work production following two levels of artificially induced metabolic alkalosis
McKenzie, D. C., COUTTS, K. D., Stirling, D. R., Hoeben, H. H., & Kuzara, G. (1986) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640418608732096 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Steroid Receptors in Two Types of Rabbit Skeletal Muscle*
Saartok, T. (1984) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025894 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The effects of alkaline treatment on short‐term maximal exercise
Inbar, O., Rotstein, A., Jacobs, I., Kaiser, P., Dlin, R., & Dotan, R. (1983) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640418308729666 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
The effect of bicarbonate concentration on fatigue and recovery in isolated rat diaphragm muscle.
Mainwood, G. W., & Cechetto, D. (1980) · Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1139/y80-103 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Of Men and Mitochondria — Intracellular and Subcellular Acid-Base Relations
Robin, E. D. (1961) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm196110192651605 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Bollaert, P., GIMENEZ, M., Robin-Lherbier, B., Escanyé, J. M., Mallié, J.-P., Robert, J., & Larcan, A. (1992) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1992.tb09260.x · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Mainwood, G. W., & Lucier, G. E. (1972) · Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1139/y72-020 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Quantitative relation of Renshaw cell discharges to monosynaptic reflex height
Ross, H. ‐., Cleveland, S., & Haase, J. (1972) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00603815 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Johnson, W. R., & Black, D. H. (1953) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1953.5.10.577 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Plasma, Extracellular and Muscle Electrolyte Responses to Acute Metabolic Acidosis
Tobin, R. B. (1956) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1956.186.1.131 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Acid-base balance and subjective feelings of fatigue during physical exercise
Poulus, A. J., Docter, H. J., & Westra, H. G. (1974) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00421148 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Pernow, B., & Wahren, J. (1962) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1962.tb02504.x · Cited by 31 · see citing works
CONTROL OF GLYCOGEN METABOLISM
Bell, D. J. (1965) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology and Cognate Medical Sciences · doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1965.sp001785 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Effect of alkalosis on performance and lactate formation in supramaximal exercise
Margaria, R., Aghemo, P., & Sassi, G. (1971) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf01100533 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Acid‐base balance in blood during exhaustive bicycle exercise and the following recovery period
Sahlin, K., Alvestrand, A., Brandt, R., & Hultman, E. (1978) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1978.tb06289.x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Bicarbonate Ingestion and Anaerobic Performance
Gledhill, N. (1984) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-198401030-00001 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Wijnen, S., VERSTAPPEN, F. T. J., & Kuipers, H. (1984) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025976 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Metabolic and cardiorespiratory responses relative to the anaerobic threshold
McLellan, T. M., & Gass, G. C. (1989) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-198904000-00013 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Lactic acid permeation rate in working skeletal muscle during alkalosis and acidosis.
Hirche, H., Hombach, V., Hd, L., & Wacker, U. (1972) · PubMed · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 45 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Role of β-Alanine Supplementation on Muscle Carnosine and Exercise Performance
Artioli, G. G., Gualano, B., Smith‐Ryan, A. E., Stout, J. R., & Lancha, A. H. (2010) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181c74e38 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Ergogenic Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate
McNaughton, L. R., Siegler, J. C., & Midgley, A. W. (2008) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1249/jsr.0b013e31817ef530 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Self-citationLancha Junior, A. H., de Salles Painelli, V., Saunders, B., & Artioli, G. G. (2015) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0397-5 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
“Incidence and severity of symptoms differ between individuals [65] and may also be influenced by dose, as McNaughton [76] reported increased gastrointestinal disturbance in all participants consuming doses above”
BackgroundInfluentialEffect of sodium bicarbonate on [HCO3-], pH, and gastrointestinal symptoms
Carr, A. J., Slater, G. J., Gore, C. J., Dawson, B., & Burke, L. M. (2011) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.21.3.189 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Grgic, J., Pedisic, Z., Saunders, B., Artioli, G. G., Schoenfeld, B. J., McKenna, M. J., Bishop, D. J., Kreider, R. B., Stout, J. R., Kalman, D. S., et al. (2021) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-021-00458-w · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate: ergogenic aids?
Requena, B., Zabala, M., Padial, P., & Feriche, B. (2005) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/13733.1 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Effects of Ingestion of Bicarbonate, Citrate, Lactate, and Chloride on Sprint Running
VAN MONTFOORT, M. C. E., VAN DIEREN, L., HOPKINS, W. G., & SHEARMAN, J. P. (2004) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000132378.73975.25 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Does sodium-bicarbonate ingestion improve simulated judo performance?
Artioli, G., Gualano, B., Coelho, D., Benatti, F., Gailey, A. W., & Lancha, A. (2007) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.17.2.206 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Practical Recommendations for Coaches and Athletes
Peart, D. J., Siegler, J. C., & Vince, R. V. (2012) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182576f3d · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Christensen, P. M., Shirai, Y., Ritz, C., & Nordsborg, N. B. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00240 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Sodium Bicarbonate and High-Intensity-Cycling Capacity: Variability in Responses
Saunders, B., Sale, C., Harris, R. C., & Sunderland, C. (2014) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2013-0295 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Effect of β-alanine plus sodium bicarbonate on high-intensity cycling capacity.
Sale, C., Saunders, B., Hudson, S., Wise, J., Harris, R., & Sunderland, C. D. (2011) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3182188501 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion on Prolonged Intermittent Exercise
Price, M., MOSS, P., & RANCE, S. (2003) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000079067.46555.3c · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Dose-Related Effects of Prolonged NaHCO3 Ingestion during High-Intensity Exercise
DOUROUDOS, I. I., Fatouros, I. G., Gourgoulis, V., Jamurtas, A. Z., TSITSIOS, T., Hatzinikolaou, A., Margonis, K., MAVROMATIDIS, K., & Taxildaris, K. (2006) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000230210.60957.67 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Heibel, A. B., Perim, P. H. L., Oliveira, L. F., McNaughton, L. R., & Saunders, B. (2018) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2018.00035 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationWahl, P., Zinner, C., Achtzehn, S., Bloch, W., & Mester, J. (2010) · Growth Hormone & IGF Research · doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2010.08.001 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion and Boxing Performance
Siegler, J., & Hirscher, K. (2010) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181a392b2 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Metabolic effects of induced alkalosis during progressive forearm exercise to fatigue
Raymer, G. H., Marsh, G. D., Kowalchuk, J. M., & Thompson, R. T. (2004) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01261.2003 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Naderi, A., de Oliveira, E. P., Ziegenfuss, T. N., & Willems, M. E. T. (2016) · Physical Activity and Nutrition · doi:10.20463/jenb.2016.0031 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Siegler, J. C., Marshall, P. W., Bishop, D. J., Shaw, G., & Green, S. (2016) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-016-0065-9 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Recent Developments in the Use of Sodium Bicarbonate as an Ergogenic Aid
McNaughton, L. R., Gough, L. A., Deb, S. K., Bentley, D. J., & Sparks, S. A. (2016) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000283 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationJones, R. L., Stellingwerff, T., Artioli, G. G., Saunders, B., Cooper, S., & Sale, C. (2016) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2015-0286 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Medication and supplement use by athletes
Ciocca, M. (2005) · Clinics in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.csm.2005.03.005 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
The effect of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on 1500‐m racing time
Bird, S. R., Wiles, J. D., & Robbins, J. (1995) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640419508732255 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Zabala, M., Peinado, A. B., Calderón, F. J., Sampedro, J., Castillo, M. J., & Benito, P. J. (2011) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1938-8 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Siegler, J. C., Midgley, A. W., Polman, R. C. J., & Lever, R. (2010) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181aeb154 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Kahle, L. E., Kelly, P. V., Eliot, K. A., & Weiss, E. P. (2013) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2013.04.009 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Effect of Induced Alkalosis on the Power-Duration Relationship of "All-out" Exercise
Vanhatalo, A., McNaughton, L. R., Siegler, J. C., & JONES, A. M. (2010) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181b71a4a · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationSodium Bicarbonate Ingestion and Repeated Swim Sprint Performance
Siegler, J. C., & Gleadall-Siddall, D. O. (2010) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181f55eb1 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Sodium citrate ingestion and its effects on maximal anaerobic exercise of different durations
McNaughton, L. R., & Cedaro, R. (1992) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00376437 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationSodium Bicarbonate Supplementation and Ingestion Timing: Does It Matter?
Siegler, J. C., Marshall, P. W. M., Bray, J., & Towlson, C. (2012) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182392960 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Gough, L. A., Deb, S. K., Sparks, S. A., & McNaughton, L. R. (2017) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2017.1410875 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationThe effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion on high intensity cycling capacity
Higgins, M. F., James, R. S., & Price, M. (2013) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2012.758868 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Effects of acid–base balance and high or low intensity exercise on VEGF and bFGF
Wahl, P., Zinner, C., Achtzehn, S., Behringer, M., Bloch, W., & Mester, J. (2010) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1767-1 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
de Oliveira, L. F., Dolan, E., Swinton, P. A., Durkalec-Michalski, K., Artioli, G. G., McNaughton, L. R., & Saunders, B. (2022) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01575-x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationHilton, N. P., Leach, N. K., Sparks, S. A., Gough, L. A., Craig, M. M., Deb, S. K., & McNaughton, L. R. (2019) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-019-0177-0 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationGough, L. A., Deb, S. K., Sparks, S. A., & McNaughton, L. R. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0699-x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationBackx, K., McNaughton, L. R., Crickmore, Palmer, & Carlisle (2000) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-2000-3833 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationTime Course of Blood Bicarbonate and pH Three Hours After Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion
Price, M., & Singh, M. K. (2008) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.3.2.240 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Durkalec‐Michalski, K., Zawieja, E. E., Zawieja, B. E., Michałowska, P., & Podgórski, T. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-57590-x · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Effect of oral sodium loading on high-intensity arm ergometry in college wrestlers
Aschenbach, W. G., Ocel, J. V., Craft, L., Ward, C. W., Spangenburg, E. E., & Williams, J. H. (2000) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200003000-00018 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Barber, J. J., McDermott, A. Y., McGaughey, K. J., Olmstead, J. D., & Hagobian, T. A. (2013) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e318252f6b7 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Multiday acute sodium bicarbonate intake improves endurance capacity and reduces acidosis in men
Mueller, S. M., Gehrig, S. M., Frese, S., Wagner, C. A., Boutellier, U., & Toigo, M. (2013) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/1550-2783-10-16 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Durkalec-Michalski, K., Zawieja, E. E., Podgórski, T., Zawieja, B., Michałowska, P., Łoniewski, I., & Jeszka, J. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10060697 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
The Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion on Back Squat and Bench Press Exercise to Failure
Duncan, M. J., Weldon, A., & Price, M. (2013) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000000277 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Sports Pharmacology and Ergogenic Aids
Ellender, L., & Linder, M. M. (2005) · Primary Care Clinics in Office Practice · doi:10.1016/j.pop.2004.11.008 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Marticorena, F. M., Carvalho, A. P. M., de Oliveira, L. F., Dolan, E., Gualano, B., Swinton, P. A., & Saunders, B. (2021) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002635 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Reliability and Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate: Buffering and 2000-m Rowing Performance
Carr, A. J., Slater, G. J., Gore, C. J., Dawson, B., & Burke, L. M. (2012) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.7.2.152 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The effect of β‐alanine supplementation on cycling time trials of different length
Bellinger, P., & MINAHAN, C. L. (2015) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2015.1120782 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Acidosis, but Not Alkalosis, Affects Anaerobic Metabolism and Performance in a 4-km Time Trial
Correia‐Oliveira, C. R., Lopes‐Silva, J. P., Bertuzzi, R., McConell, G. K., Bishop, D. J., Lima‐Silva, A. E., & Kiss, M. A. P. D. (2017) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001295 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Freis, T., Hecksteden, A., Such, U., & Meyer, T. (2017) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0182158 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Gough, L. A., Deb, S. K., Sparks, A., & McNaughton, L. R. (2017) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-017-0101-4 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationSodium bicarbonate improves sprint performance in endurance cycling
Dalle, S., Koppo, K., & Hespel, P. (2020) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2020.09.011 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Zinner, C., Wahl, P., Achtzehn, S., Sperlich, B., & Mester, J. (2011) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1800-4 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Gurton, W. H., Gough, L. A., Sparks, S. A., Faghy, M. A., & Reed, K. E. (2020) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2020.00154 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Gough, L. A., Williams, J. J., Newbury, J. W., & Gurton, W. H. (2021) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2021.1998644 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Sodium bicarbonate ingestion and individual variability in time-to-peak pH
Sparks, S. A., Williams, E. L., Robinson, A., Miller, P. G., Bentley, D. J., Bridge, C. A., & McNaughton, L. R. (2016) · Research in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1080/15438627.2016.1258645 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationde Oliveira, L. F., Saunders, B., & Artioli, G. G. (2018) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0394 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Fujii, N., Tsuchiya, S.-I., Tsuji, B., Watanabe, K., Sasaki, Y., & Nishiyasu, T. (2015) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3179-8 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Gurton, W. H., King, D. G., Ranchordas, M. K., Siegler, J. C., & Gough, L. A. (2024) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-024-05578-0 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
A ingestão de bicarbonato de sódio pode contribuir para o desempenho em lutas de judô?
Artioli, G. G., Coelho, D., Benatti, F. B., Gailey, A. C., Gualano, B., & Lancha, A. H. (2006) · Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte · doi:10.1590/s1517-86922006000600014 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Carr, A. J., McKay, A. K. A., Burke, L. M., Smith, E. S., Urwin, C. S., Convit, L., Jardine, W. T., Kelly, M. K., & Saunders, B. (2023) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-023-01872-7 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Hilbert, M. L. T., Shushakov, V., & Maassen, N. (2011) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00869.2010 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ragone, L., Guilherme Vieira, J., Camaroti Laterza, M., Leitão, L., da Silva Novaes, J., Macedo Vianna, J., & Ricardo Dias, M. (2020) · Journal of Human Kinetics · doi:10.2478/hukin-2020-0039 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“The dose of 0.3 g.kg-1 NaHCO3- administered in the experimental protocol has been shown to be efficient in inducing a high degree of metabolic alkalosis, in addition to providing greater performance benefits in relation to lower and higher doses of NaHCO3- (McNaughton, 1992).”
BackgroundInfluentialHiggins, M. F., Tallis, J. A., Price, M., & James, R. S. (2012) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2557-8 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Sport Supplements and the Athlete’s Gut: A Review
Wilson, P. B. (2021) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/a-1704-3086 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion in a Fasted State Improves 16.1-km Cycling Time-Trial Performance
Leach, N. K., Hilton, N. P., Tinnion, D. J., Dobson, B., McNaughton, L. R., & Sparks, S. A. (2023) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003263 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationSTÖGGL, T. L., de Torres-Peralta, R. S., Çetin, E., & Nagasaki, M. (2014) · The Scientific World JOURNAL · doi:10.1155/2014/145747 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Effect of Stacked Sodium Bicarbonate Loading on Repeated All-out Exercise
Dalle, S., De Smet, S., Geuns, W., Rompaye, B. V., Hespel, P., & Koppo, K. (2019) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/a-0978-5139 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
McNaughton, L. R. (2000) · doi:10.1002/9780470693766.ch29 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationDurkalec-Michalski, K., Nowaczyk, P. M., Kamińska, J., Saunders, B., Łoniewski, I., Czubaszek, D., Steffl, M., & Podgórski, T. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-34343-0 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Topical Sodium Bicarbonate: No Improvement in Blood Buffering Capacity or Exercise Performance
McKay, A. K. A., Peeling, P., Binnie, M. J., Goods, P. S. R., Sim, M., Cross, R. L., & Siegler, J. C. (2020) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2019-0345 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Capsule Size Alters the Timing of Metabolic Alkalosis Following Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation
Middlebrook, I., Peacock, J., Tinnion, D. J., Leach, N. K., Hilton, N. P., Saunders, B., Sparks, S. A., & McNaughton, L. R. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.634465 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationExtracellular buffer choice influences acid-base responses and gastrointestinal symptoms
Peacock, J., Sparks, S. A., Middlebrook, I., Hilton, N. P., Tinnion, D. J., Leach, N. K., Saunders, B., & McNaughton, L. R. (2021) · Research in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1080/15438627.2021.1896517 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationMartin, R. L., Hilton, N. P., Sparks, S. A., Saunders, B., & McNaughton, L. R. (2023) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-023-05140-4 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationLimmer, M., de Marées, M., & Platen, P. (2020) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00351-y · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Urwin, C. S., Snow, R. J., Condo, D., Snipe, R. M. J., Wadley, G. D., Convit, L., & Carr, A. J. (2023) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2022-0083 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Whitfield, J., Egan, B., Coso, J. D., Derave, W., Saunders, B., & Burke, L. M. (2025) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2025-0111 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Curran-Bowen, T., da Silva, A. G., Barreto, G., Buckley, J., & Saunders, B. (2024) · Biology of Sport · doi:10.5114/biolsport.2024.132997 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Sodium bicarbonate improved CrossFit® Benchmark Fran, but not subsequent 500 m rowing performance
de Souza, R. A. S., Barreto, G., Freire, P. A. A., de Abreu, W. C., Saunders, B., & da Silva, S. F. (2024) · Research in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1080/15438627.2024.2324254 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Acute effect of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on the performance during CrossFit® training
Toledo, L. P., Vieira, J. G., & Dias, M. R. (2020) · Motriz Revista de Educação Física · doi:10.1590/s1980-6574202000040075 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Marcus, A., Rossi, A., Cornwell, A., Hawkins, S. A., & Khodiguian, N. (2019) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-019-0309-4 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jiang, F.-L., Jeong, D.-H., Eom, S.-H., Lee, H.-M., Cha, B.-J., Park, J.-S., Kwon, R., Nam, J.-Y., Yu, H.-S., Heo, S.-H., et al. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16050744 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“The common or recommended dose of oral sodium bicarbonate supplement is 300 mg · kg − 1 body mass [23–28], which can increase the concentration of blood bicarbonate ions by approximately 5–6 mmol · L − 1 [29–31].”
BackgroundWarm-Up Intensity Does Not Affect the Ergogenic Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate in Adult Men
Jones, R. L., Stellingwerff, T., Swinton, P. A., Artioli, G. G., Saunders, B., & Sale, C. (2021) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2021-0076 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Effect of Low-Dose Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation on Intermittent Endurance Performance
Tanaka, S., Yamaguchi, D., & Igawa, S. (2018) · Food and Nutrition Sciences · doi:10.4236/fns.2018.911094 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hagele, A. M., Boring, J. L., Moon, J. M., Sunderland, K., Mumford, P. W., & Kerksick, C. M. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15245052 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation in Martial Arts
Danković, G. (2022) · Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research · doi:10.2478/sjecr-2022-0016 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Haub, M. D. (2004) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780203507704.pt4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Morris, D. M., & Shafer, R. (2010) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.20.2.115 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Supplements and Enhancement Drugs: Athletes Torment Themselves with Potential Risks- Mini Review
Mohiuddin, A. K. (2019) · South Asian Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.36346/sarjps.2019.v01i02.004 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Willems, M. E. T., Naderi, A., Sunoo, S., & Ziegenfuss, T. N. (2016) · Physical Activity and Nutrition · doi:10.20463/jenb.2016.12.20.4.3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fadiga muscular e intervenções por meio de suplementos ergogênicos: uma mini revisão bibliográfica
Ribeiro, J. N., Bof, G. P., & Pacheco, R. M. (2023) · Conjecturas · doi:10.53660/conj-2355-23b07 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Gajvati, A. M., Nikookheslat, S., Vakili, J., Amirsasan, R., & Sohrabi, M. M. (2020) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology · doi:10.52547/joeppa.13.1.57 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mildenhall, M. J. (2019) · Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on whole body and isolated skeletal muscle performance
Higgins, M. F. (2013) · Coventry University Open Collections (Coventry university) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
de Aquino, D. C., Navarro, A. C., & Navarro, F. (2009) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
Applied physiology and game analysis of elite women's water polo
Tan, F. H. Y. (2009) · UWA Profiles and Research Repository (University of Western Australia)
Induced alkalosis and high-intensity exercise performance
Carr, A. J. (2011) · UWA Profiles and Research Repository (University of Western Australia)
Exercise, Conditioning, and Performance
Bookspan, J. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-03228-5.50091-4
- Authors
- McNaughton, L. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Tasmania (AU)
- Corresponding author
- McNaughton, Lars R.
- ORCID
- McNaughton, Lars R.
- Venue
- Journal of Sports Sciences
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1992-10
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 415-423
- ISSN
- 0264-0414 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-447X
- OpenAlex
- W2049803974
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Sports Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Edge Hill University Research Information Repository (Edge Hill University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- sodium bicarbonate, ergogenic aids, dosage, anaerobic performance, cycle ergometry, peak power, blood pH, alkalosis, blood lactate, base excess, gastrointestinal diseases
- MeSH terms
- Acid-Base Equilibrium, Adult, Bicarbonates, Exercise Test, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Lactates, Male, Physical Endurance, Sodium, Anaerobic Threshold, Sodium Bicarbonate
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
