Cited by 192Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

Blocking microglial activation of reactive astrocytes is neuroprotective in models of Alzheimer’s disease

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Park, Jong-Sung, Kam, Tae-In, Lee, Saebom, Park, Hyejin, Oh, Yumin, Kwon, Seung-Hwan, Song, Jae-Jin, Kim, Donghoon +12 more·2021·Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of age-related dementia. Increasing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation mediated by microglia and astrocytes contributes to disease progression and severity in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders. During AD progression, resident microglia undergo proinflammatory activation, resulting in an increased capacity to convert resting astrocytes to reactive astrocytes. Therefore, microglia are a major therapeutic target for AD and blocking microglia-astrocyte activation could limit neurodegeneration in AD. Here we report that NLY01, an engineered exedin-4, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, selectively blocks β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced activation of microglia through GLP-1R activation and inhibits the formation of reactive astrocytes as well as preserves neurons in AD models. In two transgenic AD mouse models (5xFAD and 3xTg-AD), repeated subcutaneous administration of NLY01 blocked microglia-mediated reactive astrocyte conversion and preserved neuronal viability, resulting in improved spatial learning and memory. Our study indicates that the GLP-1 pathway plays a critical role in microglia-reactive astrocyte associated neuroinflammation in AD and the effects of NLY01 are primarily mediated through a direct action on Aβ-induced GLP-1R+ microglia, contributing to the inhibition of astrocyte reactivity. These results show that targeting upregulated GLP-1R in microglia is a viable therapy for AD and other neurodegenerative disorders.

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Authors
Park, J.-S., Kam, T.-I., Lee, S., Park, H., Oh, Y., Kwon, S.-H., Song, J.-J., Kim, D., Kim, H., Jhaldiyal, A., Na, D. H., Lee, K. C., Park, E. J., Pomper, M. G., Pletnikova, O., Troncoso, J. C., Ko, H. S., Dawson, V. L., Dawson, T. M., & Lee, S.
Affiliations
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • Chung-Ang University (KR)
Corresponding author
  • Lee, Saebom
  • Lee, Seulki
Venue
Acta Neuropathologica Communications
Published
2021-04-26
Volume
9
Issue
1
Pages
78-78
ISSN
2051-5960 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3157204291
Cited by
192
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 30 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 11
FWCI
11.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Acta Neuropathologica Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Edward N. and Della L. Thome Memorial Foundation
  • Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund (2018-MSCRFD-4338)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS38377, NS107404)
  • JPB Foundation
  • National Research Foundation of Korea
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, microglial activation, reactive astrocytes, neuroinflammation, GLP-1 receptor agonists, exenatide, amyloid-beta, astrocyte-microglia interaction, neuroprotection, 5xFAD mice, 3xTg-AD mice, spatial learning and memory, neurodegeneration
MeSH terms
Neuroprotection, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, Exenatide, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Astrocytes, Cells, Cultured, Humans, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Peptide Fragments, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Microglia, Neuroprotective Agents, Maze Learning, Mice

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