Cited by 135

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Differential regulation and properties of angiopoietin-like proteins 3 and 4

Ge, Hongfei, Cha, Ji-Young, Gopal, Harini, Harp, Christopher, Yu, Xinxin, Repa, Joyce J., Li, Cai·2005·Journal of Lipid Research

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Crossref · 10.1194/jlr.m500005-jlr200

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  • Angptl4 prevents LPL dimerization and thereby prevents LPL activation.

    “Angptl4 is primarily expressed in adipose tissue and liver, induced by fasting and secreted into the circulation [4], where it prevents LPL dimerization and thereby preventing LPL activation [5–8].”

    From Differential effects of angiopoietin-like 4 in brain and muscle on regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity (2015) · cites this paper as [5]

    The section on Angptl4’s coiled-coil domain reports that Angptl4 inhibits LPL activity in C2C12-LPL cells. It does not say that Angptl4 prevents LPL dimerization or establish that as the mechanism of inhibition. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • ANGPTL3 oligomerizes, appearing to form trimers or hexamers, and oligomerization is mediated by the N-terminal domain.

    “As with ANGPTL4, ANGPTL3 oligomerizes, appearing to form trimers or hexamers, and oligomerization is mediated by the N-terminal domain (72, 100).”

    From Regulation of lipoprotein metabolism by ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL8 (2021) · cites this paper as [72]

    The section on higher-order structures and Fig. 3C report that ANGPTL3 forms oligomeric complexes, supporting the oligomerization claim. The copy does not identify those complexes as trimers or hexamers, or establish that ANGPTL3 oligomerization is mediated by its N-terminal domain; its N-terminal disulfide-bond discussion concerns ANGPTL4. Page numbers are not available in the supplied copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • The N-terminal region of ANGPTL4 is necessary and sufficient for LPL inhibition, and once cleaved from the fibrinogen-like domain, it inhibits LPL more efficiently than full-length ANGPTL4.

    “Several studies have shown that not only is the N-terminal region of ANGPTL4 necessary and sufficient for LPL inhibition, but also that, once cleaved from the fibrinogen-like domain, the N-terminal region inhibits LPL more efficiently than full-length ANGPTL4 (49, 51, 72, 89, 90).”
  • Disruption of ANGPTL3 primarily affects triglyceride metabolism and lipid partitioning in the fed state despite ANGPTL3 expression itself not being feeding induced.

    “disruption of ANGPTL3 primarily effects triglyceride metabolism and lipid partitioning in the fed state despite the fact that ANGPTL3 expression itself is not feeding induced (72, 106).”
  • Angptl4 is expressed in several tissues including liver, heart, intestine, and skeletal muscle.

    “Although Angptl4 is most highly expressed in adipose, it is also expressed in several other tissues including liver, heart, intestine, and skeletal muscle (40, 46, 47, 72).”

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Citations

Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 25

  1. Koishi, 2002, Angptl3 regulates lipid metabolism in mice, Nat. Genet., 30, 151, 10.1038/ng814 · DOI · Paper page
  2. Shimizugawa, 2002, Angptl3 decreases very low density lipoprotein triglyceride clearance by inhibition of lipoprotein lipase, J. Biol. Chem., 277, 33742, 10.1074/jbc.M203215200 · DOI · Paper page
  3. Yoshida, 2002, Angiopoietin-like protein 4 is a potent hyperlipidemia-inducing factor in mice and inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase, J. Lipid Res., 43, 1770, 10.1194/jlr.C200010-JLR200 · DOI · Paper page
  4. Ge, 2004, Oligomerization state-dependent hyperlipidemic effect of angiopoietin-like protein 4, J. Lipid Res., 45, 2071, 10.1194/jlr.M400138-JLR200 · DOI · Paper page
  5. Inaba, 2003, Angiopoietin-like protein 3 mediates hypertriglyceridemia induced by the liver x receptor, J. Biol. Chem., 278, 21344, 10.1074/jbc.M213202200 · DOI
  6. Kaplan, 2003, Regulation of the angiopoietin-like protein 3 gene by lxr, J. Lipid Res., 44, 136, 10.1194/jlr.M200367-JLR200 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Kersten, 2000, Characterization of the fasting-induced adipose factor fiaf, a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor target gene, J. Biol. Chem., 275, 28488, 10.1074/jbc.M004029200 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Yoon, 2000, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma target gene encoding a novel angiopoietin-related protein associated with adipose differentiation, Mol. Cell. Biol., 20, 5343, 10.1128/MCB.20.14.5343-5349.2000 · DOI · Paper page
  9. Schmuth, 2004, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (ppar)-beta/delta stimulates differentiation and lipid accumulation in keratinocytes, J. Invest. Dermatol., 122, 971, 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22412.x · DOI
  10. Inukai, 2004, Angptl3 is increased in both insulin-deficient and -resistant diabetic states, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 317, 1075, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.03.151 · DOI
  11. Shimamura, 2004, Leptin and insulin down-regulate angiopoietin-like protein 3, a plasma triglyceride-increasing factor, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 322, 1080, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.08.024 · DOI · Paper page
  12. Kim, 2000, Hepatic expression, synthesis and secretion of a novel fibrinogen/angiopoietin-related protein that prevents endothelial-cell apoptosis, Biochem. J., 346, 603, 10.1042/bj3460603 · DOI
  13. Backhed, 2004, The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 101, 15718, 10.1073/pnas.0407076101 · DOI · Paper page
  14. Wiesner, 2004, Food restriction regulates adipose-specific cytokines in pituitary gland but not in hypothalamus, J. Endocrinol., 180, R1, 10.1677/joe.0.180r001 · DOI
  15. Belanger, 2002, Hypoxia up-regulates expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma angiopoietin-related gene (pgar) in cardiomyocytes: role of hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha, J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol., 34, 765, 10.1006/jmcc.2002.2021 · DOI
  16. Yoshida, 2004, Characterization of the 5′ regulatory region of the mouse angiopoietin-like protein 4, Vet. Res. Commun., 28, 299, 10.1023/B:VERC.0000026673.92065.c0 · DOI
  17. Mandard, 2004, The direct ppar target fiaf/pgar/angptl4 is present in blood plasma as a truncated protein that is increased by fenofibrate treatment, J. Biol. Chem., 279, 34411, 10.1074/jbc.M403058200 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Yu, 2005, Inhibition of cardiac lipoprotein utilization by transgenic overexpression of angptl4 in the heart, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 102, 1767, 10.1073/pnas.0409564102 · DOI · Paper page
  19. Huang, 2001, Modulation of circulating leptin levels by its soluble receptor, J. Biol. Chem., 276, 6343, 10.1074/jbc.M009795200 · DOI
  20. Kurrasch, 2004, Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction measurement of regulators of g-protein signaling mrna levels in mouse tissues, Methods Enzymol., 389, 3, 10.1016/S0076-6879(04)89001-3 · DOI
  21. Schlaepfer, 2003, Increased expression of the snare accessory protein munc18c in lipid-mediated insulin resistance, J. Lipid Res., 44, 1174, 10.1194/jlr.M300003-JLR200 · DOI
  22. Ward, 2002, The angiopoietins and tie2/tek: Adding to the complexity of cardiovascular development, Semin. Cell Dev. Biol., 13, 19, 10.1006/scdb.2001.0288 · DOI
  23. Ge, 2004, Oligomerization and regulated proteolytic processing of angiopoietin-like protein 4, J. Biol. Chem., 279, 2038, 10.1074/jbc.M307583200 · DOI · Paper page
  24. Kratky, 2005, Endothelial lipase provides an alternative pathway for ffa uptake in lipoprotein lipase-deficient mouse adipose tissue, J. Clin. Invest., 115, 161, 10.1172/JCI200515972 · DOI
  25. Jin, 2003, Inhibition of endothelial lipase causes increased hdl cholesterol levels in vivo, J. Clin. Invest., 111, 357, 10.1172/JCI16146 · DOI

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Metadata

Authors
Ge, H., Cha, J.-Y., Gopal, H., Harp, C., Yu, X., Repa, J. J., & Li, C.
Venue
Journal of Lipid Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-07
Volume
46
Issue
7
Pages
1484-1490
ISSN
0022-2275
Cited by
135
References
1
Language
en

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