The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The role of the future in student motivation
Abstract
Students' multiple goals and motivations for engaging in school learning are discussed. Our discussion is organized around two divisions of student motivation: intrinsic-extrinsic motivation and future-present orientation. In the case of future-present orientation, an extensive review of both the history of this concept and several studies that provide insight into the relation of Future Time Perspective (FTP) to human motivation is provided. A brief review of literature on intrinsic motivation and goal theory is also provided. We consider the possibility that intrinsic motivation and FTP can be integrated in a meaningful way. We believe that providing a theoretical base for understanding this interaction will contribute toward developing a multidimensional picture of student motivation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality.
Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256 · Cited by 9,745
Motivational processes affecting learning.
Dweck, C. S. (1986) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.41.10.1040 · Cited by 6,971
Classrooms: Goals, structures, and student motivation.
Ames, C. (1992) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.84.3.261 · Cited by 6,468
Markus, H., & Nurius, P. (1986) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.41.9.954 · Cited by 5,806
Achievement motivation: Conceptions of ability, subjective experience, task choice, and performance.
Nicholls, J. G. (1984) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.91.3.328 · Cited by 4,161
Deci, E. L. (1975) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-4446-9 · Cited by 2,911
The consideration of future consequences: Weighing immediate and distant outcomes of behavior.
Strathman, A., Gleicher, F., Boninger, D. S., & Edwards, C. S. (1994) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.66.4.742 · Cited by 1,782
Deci, E. L. (1976) · Organizational Dynamics · doi:10.1016/0090-2616(76)90036-x · Cited by 409
Research works printed but not linked: 75
- Ames, C. (1 984). Achievement attributions and self-instructions undercompetitive and individualistic goal structures. Journal of Educational Psychology, 76, 478-487. · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.76.3.478 · Paper page
- 10.1037//0022-0663.84.3.261 · doi:10.1037//0022-0663.84.3.261 · Paper page
- Ames, R. E. & Ames, C. (Eds.). (1984). Research on motivation in education: Vol. 1. Student motivation. Orlando, FL: Academic.
- Atkinson, J. W. & Raynor, J. 0. (1974). Introduction and overview.In I. W. Atkinson &1. 0 . Raynor (Eds.), Motivation and achievement (pp. 3-1 1). Washington, DC: Winston.
- 10.1016/0925-7535(96)00003-3 · DOI
- 10.1037//0022-0663.76.6.1038 · doi:10.1037//0022-0663.76.6.1038 · Paper page
- Creten, H., Lens, W. & Simons, J. (1998, March). The role ofperceived insrrumentaliry in student motivation. Paper presented at the sixth Workshop on Achievement and Task Motivation, Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Csikszentmihalyi, M. & Nakamura, J. (1989). The dynamics of instrinsic motivation.In R. Ames & C. Ames (Eds.), Hundbookof motivation theoryand research (Vol.3 , pp. 45-71). New York: Academic.
- Daltrey M. H., 1984, Perceprual and Motor Skills, 58, 719, 10.2466/pms.1984.58.3.719 · DOI
- Deci, E. L. &Ryan. R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation andselj-determination in hwnan behavior.New York: Plenum. · DOI · Paper page
- Deci, E. L. & Ryan, R. M. (1992). The initiation and regulation of intrinsically motivated learning and achievement.In A. K. Boggiano & T. S. Pittman Ws.),Achievement and motivation: A social-developmentalperspective (pp. 9-36). Cambridge. England: Cambridge University Press.
- De Volder M., 1979, Psychologica Belgica, 19, 61, 10.5334/pb.642 · DOI
- 10.1037//0022-3514.42.3.566 · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.42.3.566 · Paper page
- 10.1037//0003-066X.41.10.1040 · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.41.10.1040 · Paper page
- Eccles J., 1984, In B. Sonderegger (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation (Vol., 32, 97
- Eccles J., 1984, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 2643
- 10.1037//0003-066X.51.11.1153 · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.51.11.1153 · Paper page
- 10.1037//0022-3514.66.5.968 · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.66.5.968 · Paper page
- Elliot, A. J. & Harackiewicz, J. M. (19%). Approach and avoidance achievement goals and intrinsic motivation: A mediation analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70,461-475. · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037//0022-3514.54.1.5 · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.54.1.5 · Paper page
- Frank L. K., 1939, Journal of Social Philosophy, 4, 293
- 10.1016/0092-6566(74)90017-8 · DOI
- Gjesme T., 1975, Journal of Psychology, 91, 143, 10.1080/00223980.1975.9915808 · DOI
- Gjesme T., 1976, Perceptual and Motor Skills., 42, 235, 10.2466/pms.1976.42.1.235 · doi:10.2466/pms.1976.42.1.235
- Gjesme T., 1979, The Journa[of Psychology, 101, 173
- Gjesme T., 1981, Motivation and Emotion., 2, 15
- Gjesme, T. (1982). Psychological goal distance: The lost dimension in achievement motivation research.In W. Hacker, W. Volpert, & M. von Cranach (Eds.), Cognitive and motivational aspects of action (pp. 86-98). Amsterdam: North-Holland.
- Gjesme, T. (1983). On the concept of future time orientation: Considerations of some functions" and measurements" implications. International Journal of P~ychology.18,443-461. · doi:10.1080/00207598308247493
- 10.1037//0022-0663.83.2.187 · DOI · Paper page
- Halvari H., 1991, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 72, 707, 10.2466/pms.1991.72.3.707 · doi:10.2466/pms.1991.72.3.707
- Harackiewicz J. M., 1998, Educational Psychologist, 33, 1, 10.1207/s15326985ep3301_1 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037//0022-3514.65.5.904 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037//0012-1649.17.3.300 · doi:10.1037//0012-1649.17.3.300 · Paper page
- 10.1007/BF00991652 · DOI
- 10.1007/BF00991653 · DOI · Paper page
- Husman, J. (1998). The effect ofperceptions of thefuture on intrinsic motivation. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Texas at Austin.
- Jones, J . M. (1994). An exploration of temporality in human behavior.In R. C. Schankk M. R. Lepper (Eds.), Beliefs, reasoning anddecision making (pp. 389-41 1). Hillsdale, NJ: LawrenceErlbaum Associates, Inc.
- Koestner, R. & McClelland, D. C. (1990). Perspectives on competence motivation.In L. A. Pervin (Ed.), Handbook ofpersonality: Theory and research (pp. 527-548). New York: Guilford.
- Lens, W. (1986). Future time perspective: A cognitiv~motivational concept.In D. R. Brown & J. Veroff (Eds.), Frontiers of motivationalpsychology (pp. 173-190). New York: Springer-Verlag. · DOI
- Lens, W. (1987). Future time perspective, motivation and school performance.In E. De Corte, J. Lodewijks, R. Parmentier, & P. Span (Eds.), Learning and instruction. European research in an international context (Vol.1, pp. 8 1-1 89). Leuven, Belgium, & Elmsford, NY: Leuven University Press & Pergarnon.
- 10.1016/0959-4752(91)90024-3 · DOI
- Lens W., 1997, Polish Psychological Bulletin, 28, 103
- Lewin, K. (1935). A dynamic theory of personality: Selected papers.New York: McGraw-Hill.
- Lewin, K. (1942). Time perspective and morale.In G. Watson (Ed.), Civilian morale. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. · DOI · Paper page
- Lewin, K. & Lewin, G. W. (Eds.). (1948). Resolving social conflicts. Selected papers on group dynamics.New York: Harper & Brothers.
- Malone, T. W. &Lepper, M. R. (1987). Makingleaming fun: A taxonomy of intrinsic motivations for leaming. In R. E. Snow & M. J. F m (Eds.), Aptitude, learning, and instruction: Vol. 3. Conative and affective process analyses (pp. 223-253). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
- 10.1037//0022-3514.47.4.918 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037//0003-066X.41.9.954 · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.41.9.954 · Paper page
- McClelland, D. C., Atkinson, J. W., Clark, R. A, & Lowell, E. L. (1953). The achievement motive.New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. · DOI
- 10.1037//0022-0663.80.2.210 · doi:10.1037//0022-0663.80.2.210 · Paper page
- Meece, J. L. & Holt, K. (1993). A pattern analysis of students" achievement goals.Journal of Educational Psychology, 85.582-590. · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.85.4.582 · Paper page
- Mischel, W. (1981). Objective and subjective rules for delay of gratification. In G. d'ydewalle & W.Lens (Eds.), Cognition in human motivation and learning (pp. 33-58). Leuven, Belgium, & Hillsdale, NJ: Leuven University Press & Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
- Mish, F. C. (1993). Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th ed.).Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.
- 10.1037//0022-0663.83.2.195 · doi:10.1037//0022-0663.83.2.195
- Nicholls J. G., 1978, Child Development, 49, 800, 10.2307/1128250 · doi:10.2307/1128250 · Paper page
- Nurmi, J. E. (1994). The development of future-orientation in a life-span context.In Z. Zaleski (Ed.), Psychology of future orientation (pp. 63-74). Lublin, Poland: Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL.
- 10.1016/0001-6918(64)90075-7 · DOI
- Nuttin, J. & Lens, W. (1985). Future timeperspective andmotivation: Theory and research method. Leuven, Belgium, & Hillsdale, NJ: Leuven University Press & Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Inc.
- 10.1037//0022-3514.59.1.112 · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.59.1.112 · Paper page
- Pintrich P. R., 1994, Journal of Early Adolescence, 14, 139, 10.1177/027243169401400204 · DOI · Paper page
- Raynor J., 1969, Psychological Review, 76, 606410, 10.1037/h0028291 · DOI
- Raynor, J. 0 . (1974). Future orientation in the study of achievement motivation.In J. W. Atkinson & J. 0. Raynor (Eds.), Motivation and achievement (pp. 121-154). Washington, DC: Winston.
- Raynor, J. 0. (1981). Future orientation and achievement motivation: Toward a theory of personality functioning and change. In G. d'Ydewde & W.Lens (Eds.), Cognition in human motivation and karning (pp. 199-231). Leuven, Belgium, & Hillsdale, NJ: Leuven University Press & Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
- 10.1007/BF00991650 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037//0278-6133.15.2.131 · doi:10.1037//0278-6133.15.2.131 · Paper page
- 10.1037//0022-3514.57.5.749 · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.57.5.749 · Paper page
- Ryan, R. M., Sheldon, K. M., Kasser, T. & Deci, E. L. (1996). All goals are not created equal: An organismic perspective on the nature of goals and their regulation.In P. M. GollwiUer & J. A. Bragh (Eds.), Thepsychology of action: Linking cognition and motivation to behavior (pp. 7-26). New York: Guilford.
- 10.1006/ceps.1995.1023 · DOI
- 10.1037//0022-3514.68.3.531 · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.68.3.531 · Paper page
- Urdan, T. C. & Maehr. M. L. (1995). Beyond a two-goal theory of motivation and achievement: A case for social goals. Review of E d u c a t i o ~ l Research, 65,212243. · doi:10.3102/00346543065003213 · Paper page
- Van Calster K., 1987, American Journal of Psychology, 100, 1, 10.2307/1422639 · DOI
- 10.1016/S1041-6080(96)90015-1 · DOI · Paper page
- Wolters. C. A., Yu, S. L. & Pintrich P. (1997, March). The role of goal orientation in the development of self-regulated learning. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Associa- tion, Chicago.
- Zaleski, 1987, International Journal of Psychology, 22, 17, 10.1080/00207598708246765 · DOI
- Zaleski, 2. (Ed.). (1994). Psychology offuture orientation.Lublin, Poland: Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL.
Cited by
REEVE, J. (2009) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520903028990 · Cited by 1,728
Vansteenkiste, M., Lens, W., & Deci, E. L. (2006) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1207/s15326985ep4101_4 · Cited by 1,044
Self-citationLuyckx, K., Schwartz, S. J., Berzonsky, M. D., Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Smits, I., & Goossens, L. (2008) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2007.04.004 · Cited by 901
Wigfield, A., & Eccles, J. S. (2002) · Development of Achievement Motivation · doi:10.1016/b978-012750053-9/50006-1 · Cited by 803
Self-regulation interventions with a focus on learning strategies
Weinstein, C. E., Husman, J., & Dierking, D. R. (2000) · Handbook of Self-Regulation · doi:10.1016/b978-012109890-2/50051-2 · Cited by 538
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Husman, J., & Lens, W.
- Venue
- Educational Psychologist
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1999-03
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 113-125
- ISSN
- 0046-1520 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-6985
- OpenAlex
- W2073515231
- Cited by
- 563
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 11.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The role of the future in student motivation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1207/s15326985ep3402_4
- The paper
- Husman, J., & Lens, W. (1999). The role of the future in student motivation. Educational Psychologist. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep3402_4
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.