Mapping of functional organization in human visual cortex: Electrical cortical stimulation
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the pattern of functional organization in the human visual cortex through electrical cortical stimulation. METHODS: Electrical cortical stimulation was applied to the occipital cortex and adjacent cortices using subdural grid electrodes in 23 epilepsy patients. Diverse visual responses were recorded. These responses were divided into different categories according to the specific response modalities, such as form, color, and motion. Form visual responses were further subdivided into simple, intermediate, and complex responses. The cortical localization of subdural electrodes was identified using MRI-CT coregistration. The cortical distribution of different visual responses was projected into three-dimensional surface renderings of the brain. The distribution and frequency of subdural electrodes showing different visual responses were quantified by calculating the percentage of the number of electrodes showing one specific type of visual response at the corresponding anatomic region to the total number of electrodes in all brain regions that produced the same response. RESULTS: Simple form responses were obtained mostly at the occipital pole and the inferior occipital gyrus (47.4%) and the striate cortex (42.4%). Intermediate form responses occurred mainly on the peristriate cortex (52.5%) and the lateral occipital (28.0%) and fusiform gyri (19.5%). Complex forms were produced by stimulation of the basal temporo-occipital region (57.6%) and the lateral temporal or lateral temporo-occipital junctional region (42.4%). Color responses occurred on the basal occipital area, mostly at the fusiform (40.0%) and lingual gyri (36.0%). Moving sensations were evoked by stimulation of the basal temporo-occipital (28.4%) and the mesial parieto-occipital or temporo-parieto-occipital junctional regions (23.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Different modalities of vision, such as form, color, and moving sensation, appeared to be distributed and organized in different areas of the human visual cortex.
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Electrical stimulation of higher-order visual areas can elicit a range of feature-specific percepts in human subjects.
“Similar effects have been confirmed in human subjects, and previous work has demonstrated that electrical stimulation of higher-order visual areas can elicit a range of feature-specific percepts (Murphey et al., 2009; Lee et al., 2000; Schalk et al., 2017).”
From Towards biologically plausible phosphene simulation for the differentiable optimization of visual cortical prostheses (2024) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2000
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- Authors
- Lee, H. W., Hong, S. B., Seo, D. W., Tae, W. S., & Hong, S. C.
- Affiliations
- Samsung Medical Center (KR)
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 2000-02-22
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 849-854
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- OpenAlex
- W1994863066
- Cited by
- 184
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- visual cortex, functional organization, cortical electrical stimulation, subdural grid electrodes, epilepsy patients, form vision, color vision, motion perception, occipital cortex, primary visual cortex, lateral occipital cortex, fusiform gyrus
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Brain Mapping, Electric Stimulation, Epilepsy, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Visual Cortex
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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