Circumventing embryonic lethality with Lcmt1 deficiency: generation of hypomorphic Lcmt1 mice with reduced protein phosphatase 2A methyltransferase expression and defects in insulin signaling
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Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), the major serine/threonine phosphatase in eukaryotic cells, is a heterotrimeric protein composed of structural, catalytic, and targeting subunits. PP2A assembly is governed by a variety of mechanisms, one of which is carboxyl-terminal methylation of the catalytic subunit by the leucine carboxyl methyltransferase LCMT1. PP2A is nearly stoichiometrically methylated in the cytosol, and although some PP2A targeting subunits bind independently of methylation, this modification is required for the binding of others. To examine the role of this methylation reaction in mammalian tissues, we generated a mouse harboring a gene-trap cassette within intron 1 of Lcmt1. Due to splicing around the insertion, Lcmt1 transcript and LCMT1 protein levels were reduced but not eliminated. LCMT1 activity and methylation of PP2A were reduced in a coordinate fashion, suggesting that LCMT1 is the only PP2A methyltransferase. These mice exhibited an insulin-resistance phenotype, indicating a role for this methyltransferase in signaling in insulin-sensitive tissues. Tissues from these animals will be vital for the in vivo identification of methylation-sensitive substrates of PP2A and how they respond to differing physiological conditions.
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In this model, decreased LCMT-1 expression was confirmed in cardiac and skeletal muscle (95%), liver (60%), brain (50%), and kidney (40%), accompanied by decreased PP2A-C methylation in these tissues.
“decreased LCMT-1 expression was confirmed in cardiac and skeletal muscle (95% decrease), liver (60% decrease), brain (50% decrease) and kidney (40% decrease), and was accompanied by decreased PP2A-C methylation in these tissues [42].”
From Physiologic functions of PP2A: Lessons from genetically modified mice (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
Homozygous mice for a hypomorphic gene-trapped Lcmt1 allele showed an insulin resistance phenotype, with decreased glucose tolerance and increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
“homozygous mice for a hypomorphic gene-trapped Lcmt1 allele, also showed an insulin resistance phenotype, with decreased glucose tolerance and increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [42].”
From Physiologic functions of PP2A: Lessons from genetically modified mice (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
The Lcmt1 gt/gt phenotype indicates insulin resistance.
“-In surviving gt/gt mice: decreased glucose tolerance and increased | glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, indicative for insulin resistance”
From Physiologic functions of PP2A: Lessons from genetically modified mice (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In mice with a gene-trap insertion in the first intron of Lcmt1 (Baygenomics clone CSC099), embryonic lethality is suggested.
“-Embryonic lethality suggested [42]”
From Physiologic functions of PP2A: Lessons from genetically modified mice (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In surviving Lcmt1 gt/gt mice, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is increased.
“-In surviving gt/gt mice: decreased glucose tolerance and increased | glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, indicative for insulin resistance”
From Physiologic functions of PP2A: Lessons from genetically modified mice (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
In surviving Lcmt1 gt/gt mice, glucose tolerance is decreased.
“-In surviving gt/gt mice: decreased glucose tolerance and increased | glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, indicative for insulin resistance”
From Physiologic functions of PP2A: Lessons from genetically modified mice (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
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A small molecule inhibitor of leucine carboxyl methyltransferase-1 inhibits cancer cell survival
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- Authors
- MacKay, K. B., Tu, Y., Young, S. G., & Clarke, S. G.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Clarke, Steven G.
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2013-06-20
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e65967
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3688711
- OpenAlex
- W2149749161
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 1.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Ellison Medical Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (GM026020)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG035626, AG035626)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL090553)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM 026020, R37GM026020, R01GM026020, T32GM007185)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Keywords
- protein phosphatase 2A, PP2A catalytic subunit, methyltransferase, gene trap, insulin resistance, insulin signaling, embryonic lethality
- MeSH terms
- Insulin Secretion, Animals, Genes, Lethal, Glucose, Homozygote, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Methylation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Protein O-Methyltransferase, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Mice, Knockout, Mice, Protein Phosphatase 2
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