Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Attenuate Diet Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance, Modulating Mitochondrial Respiratory Uncoupling in Rat Skeletal Muscle
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Omega (ω)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are dietary compounds able to attenuate insulin resistance. Anyway, the precise actions of ω-3PUFAs in skeletal muscle are overlooked. We hypothesized that PUFAs, modulating mitochondrial function and efficiency, would ameliorate pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant signs of nutritionally induced obesity. STUDY DESIGN: To this aim, rats were fed a control diet (CD) or isocaloric high fat diets containing either ω-3 PUFA (FD) or lard (LD) for 6 weeks. RESULTS: FD rats showed lower weight, lipid gain and energy efficiency compared to LD-fed animals, showing higher energy expenditure and O2 consumption/CO2 production. Serum lipid profile and pro-inflammatory parameters in FD-fed animals were reduced compared to LD. Accordingly, FD rats exhibited a higher glucose tolerance revealed by an improved glucose and insulin tolerance tests compared to LD, accompanied by a restoration of insulin signalling in skeletal muscle. PUFAs increased lipid oxidation and reduced energy efficiency in subsarcolemmal mitochondria, and increase AMPK activation, reducing both endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Increased mitochondrial respiration was related to an increased mitochondriogenesis in FD skeletal muscle, as shown by the increase in PGC1-α and -β. CONCLUSIONS: our data strengthened the association of high dietary ω3-PUFA intake with reduced mitochondrial energy efficiency in the skeletal muscle.
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Mice that received 40% fat from fish oil for six weeks exhibited high metabolic efficiency and increased respiratory capacity associated with increased gene expression levels of PGC1α/β, citrate synthase enzyme activity, and mitochondrial content.
“Mice that received 40% fat from fish oil for six weeks of the study period had not only exhibit high metabolic efficiency, but also showed an increased respiratory capacity associated with the increase in gene expression levels of PGC1α/β, and citrate synthase enzyme activity, mitochondrial content [91].”
From Mitochondrial Adaptation in Skeletal Muscle: Impact of Obesity, Caloric Restriction, and Dietary Compounds (2024) · cites this paper as [91]
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- Authors
- Cavaliere, G., Trinchese, G., Bergamo, P., De Filippo, C., Mattace Raso, G., Gifuni, G., Putti, R., Moni, B. H., Canani, R. B., Meli, R., & Mollica, M. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- Institute of Food Science (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Mollica, Maria Pina
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2016-02-22
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e0149033
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4762694
- OpenAlex
- W2281710908
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 10.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, skeletal muscle, lipid oxidation, AMPK, PGC-1α, mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, glucose tolerance, high-fat diet, lard, energy expenditure
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Dietary Fats, Male, Mitochondria, Muscle, Obesity, Oxygen Consumption, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Rats, Wistar, Oxidative Stress, Muscle, Skeletal, Rats, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
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