A revised Sorensen model: Simulating glycemic and insulinemic response to oral and intra-venous glucose load
Open accessAbstract
In 1978, Thomas J. Sorensen defended a thesis in chemical engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, where he proposed an extensive model of glucose-insulin control, model which was thereafter widely employed for virtual patient simulation. The original model, and even more so its subsequent implementations by other Authors, presented however a few imprecisions in reporting the correct model equations and parameter values. The goal of the present work is to revise the original Sorensen's model, to clearly summarize its defining equations, to supplement it with a missing gastrio-intestinal glucose absorption and to make an implementation of the revised model available on-line to the scientific community.
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The implemented version of the Sorensen model derives from the equations presented in his original PhD thesis, with the corrections introduced in [28] and modified to account for both possible subcutaneous administration of insulin and for the reduced insulin-sensitivity expected in a diabetic patient with respect to a normal individual.
“The implemented version of the Sorensen model derives from the equations presented in his original PhD thesis [20], with the corrections introduced in [28] and modified to account for both (possible) subcutaneous administration of insulin and for the reduced insulin-sensitivity, which would be expected in a diabetic patient with respect to a normal individual [1].”
From A comparison among three maximal mathematical models of the glucose-insulin system (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 0 partially supported, 1 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe Sorensen model is the most complex of the three models.
“The Sorensen model is the most complex; it has been extensively described in the Author’s PhD thesis and has been thoroughly analyzed in a previous work [28], correcting some errors which were present in the original description by the Author.”
From A comparison among three maximal mathematical models of the glucose-insulin system (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
The Introduction describes the Sorensen model as “perhaps the most complex” among the Sorensen, UVa-Padova and Hovorka models. This supports the comparison among the three, but the citing sentence states the ranking definitively where the source hedges it. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAn extended version of the Sorensen model, including a representation of the gastrointestinal tract, was presented in [28] and is used in the present work to simulate experiments where glucose is orally administered.
“An extended version of the model, including a representation of the gastrointestinal tract, was also presented in [28], and is used in the present work to simulate experiments where glucose is orally administered.”
From A comparison among three maximal mathematical models of the glucose-insulin system (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
The Sorensen model has been thoroughly analyzed in a previous work [28], correcting some errors which were present in the original description by the Author.
“The Sorensen model is the most complex; it has been extensively described in the Author’s PhD thesis and has been thoroughly analyzed in a previous work [28], correcting some errors which were present in the original description by the Author.”
From A comparison among three maximal mathematical models of the glucose-insulin system (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
To make the three models comparable, two subcutaneous compartments were added to the revised Sorensen model, which already includes the gastro-intestinal compartment.
“To make the three models comparable, two subcutaneous compartments were therefore added to the revised Sorensen model (which already includes the gastro-intestinal compartment [28]).”
From A comparison among three maximal mathematical models of the glucose-insulin system (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Panunzi, S., Pompa, M., Borri, A., Piemonte, V., & De Gaetano, A.
- Affiliations
- National Research Council (IT)
- Università Campus Bio-Medico (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Panunzi, Simona
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2020-08-14
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- e0237215
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7428140
- OpenAlex
- W3049260097
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 2.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
- Keywords
- glycemic response, insulin response, oral glucose load, virtual patient simulation
- MeSH terms
- Algorithms, Blood Glucose, Gastric Mucosa, Glucose, Humans, Insulin, Intestinal Absorption, Models, Biological, Gastric Absorption
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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