2006 Canadian clinical practice guidelines on the management and prevention of obesity in adults and children [summary]

Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin

(2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa012512 · Cited by 19,011

Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Changes in Lifestyle among Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Tuomilehto, J., Lindström, J., Eriksson, J. G., Valle, T. T., Hämäläinen, H., Ilanne-Parikka, P., Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Laakso, M., Louheranta, A., Rastas, M., et al. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200105033441801 · Cited by 10,873

Lifestyle, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors 10 years after bariatric surgery

Sjöström, L., Lindroos, A.-K., Peltonen, M., Torgerson, J., Bouchard, C., Carlsson, B., Dahlgren, S., Larsson, B., Narbro, K., Sjöström, C. D., et al. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa035622 · Cited by 4,457

Depression Is a Risk Factor for Noncompliance With Medical Treatment: Meta-analysis of the Effects of Anxiety and Depression on Patient Adherence

DiMatteo, M. R., Lepper, H. S., & Croghan, T. W. (2000) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.160.14.2101 · Cited by 4,177

European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults

Yumuk, V., Tsigos, C., Fried, M., Schindler, K., Busetto, L., Micic, D., & Toplak, H. (2015) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000442721 · Cited by 3,432

Weight Control and Risk Factor Reduction in Obese Subjects Treated for 2 Years With Orlistat: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Davidson, M. H., Hauptman, J., DiGirolamo, M., Foreyt, J. P., Halsted, C. H., Heber, D., Heimburger, D. C., Lucas, C. P., Robbins, D. C., Chung, J., et al. (1999) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.281.3.235 · Cited by 947

Long-Term Weight Loss and Changes in Blood Pressure: Results of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention, Phase II

Stevens, V. J., Obarzanek, E., Cook, N. R., Lee, I.-M., Appel, L. J., Smith West, D., Milas, N. C., Mattfeldt-Beman, M., Belden, L., Bragg, C., et al. (2001) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-134-1-200101020-00007 · Cited by 886

A Randomized Trial Comparing a Very Low Carbohydrate Diet and a Calorie-Restricted Low Fat Diet on Body Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Healthy Women

Brehm, B. J., Seeley, R. J., Daniels, S. R., & D’Alessio, D. A. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2002-021480 · Cited by 830

Effect of sibutramine on weight maintenance after weight loss: a randomised trial

James, W. P. T., Astrup, A., Finer, N., Hilsted, J., Kopelman, P., Rössner, S., Saris, W. H. M., & Gaal, L. F. V. (2000) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)03491-7 · Cited by 817

Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth

Janssen, I., & LeBlanc, A. G. (2010) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-7-40 · Cited by 4,829

Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth.

Tremblay, M. S., LeBlanc, A. G., Kho, M. E., Saunders, T. J., Larouche, R., Colley, R. C., Goldfield, G., & Gorber, S. (2011) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-8-98 · Cited by 2,085

Obesity in adults: a clinical practice guideline

Wharton, S., Lau, D. C. W., Vallis, M., Sharma, A. M., Biertho, L., Campbell-Scherer, D., Adamo, K., Alberga, A., Bell, R., Boulé, N., et al. (2020) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.191707 · Cited by 1,506

Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth: an update

Carson, V., Hunter, S., Kuzik, N., Gray, C. E., Poitras, V. J., Chaput, J.-P., Saunders, T. J., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Okely, A. D., Connor Gorber, S., et al. (2016) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2015-0630 · Cited by 1,380

Physical activity and functional limitations in older adults: a systematic review related to Canada's Physical Activity Guidelines

Paterson, D. H., & Warburton, D. E. (2010) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-7-38 · Cited by 953

A systematic review of the evidence for Canada's Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults

Warburton, D. E., Charlesworth, S., Ivey, A., Nettlefold, L., & Bredin, S. S. (2010) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-7-39 · Cited by 902

The science of obesity management: an endocrine society scientific statement

Bray, G. A., Heisel, W. E., Afshin, A., Jensen, M. D., Dietz, W. H., Long, M., Kushner, R. F., Daniels, S. R., Wadden, T. A., Tsai, A. G., et al. (2018) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2017-00253 · Cited by 812

Long term pharmacotherapy for obesity and overweight: updated meta-analysis

Rucker, D., Padwal, R., Li, S. K., Curioni, C., & Lau, D. C. W. (2007) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.39385.413113.25 · Cited by 801

A proposed clinical staging system for obesity

Sharma, A. M., & Kushner, R. F. (2009) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2009.2 · Cited by 687

ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in liver disease

Plauth, M., Bernal, W., Dasarathy, S., Merli, M., Plank, L. D., Schütz, T., & Bischoff, S. C. (2019) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2018.12.022 · Cited by 674

Population-Based Prevention of Obesity: The Need for Comprehensive Promotion of Healthful Eating, Physical Activity, and Energy Balance: A Scientific Statement From American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Interdisciplinary Committee for Prevention (Formerly the Expert Panel on Population and Prevention Science)

Kumanyika, S. K., Obarzanek, E., Stettler, N., Bell, R., Field, A. E., Fortmann, S. P., Franklin, B. A., Gillman, M. W., Lewis, C. E., Poston, W. C., et al. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.189702 · Cited by 636

Establishment of intestinal microbiota during early life: a longitudinal, explorative study of a large cohort of Danish infants

Bergström, A., Skov, T. H., Bahl, M. I., Roager, H. M., Christensen, L. B., Ejlerskov, K. T., Mølgaard, C., Michaelsen, K. F., & Licht, T. R. (2014) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00342-14 · Cited by 532

Using the Edmonton Obesity Staging System to predict mortality in a population-representative cohort of people with overweight and obesity.

Padwal, R. S., Pajewski, N. M., Allison, D. B., & Sharma, A. M. (2011) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.110387 · Cited by 392

Long-term pharmacotherapy for obesity and overweight

Padwal, R. S., Rucker, D., Li, S. K., Curioni, C., & Lau, D. C. (2003) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004094.pub2 · Cited by 384

Obesity and weight management in the elderly

Han, T. S., Tajar, A., & Lean, M. E. J. (2011) · British Medical Bulletin · doi:10.1093/bmb/ldr002 · Cited by 327

Expert panel report: Guidelines (2013) for the management of overweight and obesity in adults

(2014) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20660 · Cited by 257

Assessment and Lifestyle Management of Patients With Obesity: Clinical Recommendations From Systematic Reviews

Kushner, R. F., & Ryan, D. H. (2014) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2014.10432 · Cited by 235

Physical Activity and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: Proposed Biologic Mechanisms and Areas for Future Research

Neilson, H. K., Friedenreich, C. M., Brockton, N. T., & Millikan, R. C. (2009) · Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0756 · Cited by 232

Mindfulness-based interventions for adults who are overweight or obese: a meta-analysis of physical and psychological health outcomes

Rogers, J. M., Ferrari, M., Mosely, K., Lang, C. P., & Brennan, L. (2017) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12461 · Cited by 214

Obesity in South and Southeast Asia—A new consensus on care and management

Tham, K. W., Abdul Ghani, R., Cua, S. C., Deerochanawong, C., Fojas, M., Hocking, S., Lee, J., Nam, T. Q., Pathan, F., Saboo, B., et al. (2023) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13520 · Cited by 187

Obesity: modern man's fertility nemesis

Cabler, S., Agarwal, A., Flint, M., & Du Plessis, S. S. (2010) · Asian Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1038/aja.2010.38 · Cited by 184

Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight

Martin, A., Booth, J. N., Laird, Y., Sproule, J., Reilly, J. J., & Saunders, D. H. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009728.pub3 · Cited by 178

Obesity is a sign – over‐eating is a symptom: an aetiological framework for the assessment and management of obesity

Sharma, A. M., & Padwal, R. (2010) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00689.x · Cited by 172

Effect of preoperative weight loss in bariatric surgical patients: a systematic review

Cassie, S., Menezes, C., Birch, D. W., Shi, X., & Karmali, S. (2011) · Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.soard.2011.08.011 · Cited by 160

Evidence-based risk assessment and recommendations for physical activity clearance: Consensus Document 20111This paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled Evidence-based risk assessment and recommendations for physical activity clearance, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.

Warburton, D. E. R., Gledhill, N., Jamnik, V. K., Bredin, S. S. D., McKenzie, D. C., Stone, J., Charlesworth, S., & Shephard, R. J. (2011) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h11-062 · Cited by 156

Lifestyle intervention for improving school achievement in overweight or obese children and adolescents

Martin, A., Saunders, D. H., Shenkin, S. D., & Sproule, J. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009728.pub2 · Cited by 149

Liraglutide 3.0 mg for the management of insufficient weight loss or excessive weight regain post‐bariatric surgery

Wharton, S., Kuk, J. L., Luszczynski, M., Kamran, E., & Christensen, R. A. G. (2019) · Clinical Obesity · doi:10.1111/cob.12323 · Cited by 144

Body mass index versus waist circumference as predictors of mortality in Canadian adults

Staiano, A. E., Reeder, B. A., Elliott, S., Joffres, M. R., Pahwa, P., Kirkland, S. A., Paradis, G., & Katzmarzyk, P. T. (2012) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.268 · Cited by 143

Resistance training does not contribute to improving the metabolic profile after a 6-month weight loss program in overweight and obese postmenopausal women

Brochu, M., Malita, M. F., Messier, V., Doucet, E., Strychar, I., Lavoie, J.-M., Prud'homme, D., & Rabasa-Lhoret, R. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2008-2706 · Cited by 142

Is weight loss the optimal target for obesity-related cardiovascular disease risk reduction?

Ross, R., & Janiszewski, P. M. (2008) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0828-282x(08)71046-8 · Cited by 141

Health-At-Every-Size and Eating Behaviors: 1-Year Follow-Up Results of a Size Acceptance Intervention

Provencher, V., Bégin, C., Tremblay, A., Mongeau, L., Corneau, L., Dodin, S., Boivin, S., & Lemieux, S. (2009) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/j.jada.2009.08.017 · Cited by 126

Guideline No. 391-Pregnancy and Maternal Obesity Part 1: Pre-conception and Prenatal Care

Maxwell, C., Gaudet, L., Cassir, G., Nowik, C., McLeod, N. L., Jacob, C.-É., & Walker, M. (2019) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2019.03.026 · Cited by 96

Treatment of obesity: Pharmacotherapy trends in the United States from 1999 to 2010

Xia, Y., Kelton, C. M. L., Guo, J. J., Bian, B., & Heaton, P. C. (2015) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.21136 · Cited by 90

Perceptions of barriers to effective obesity management in Canada: Results from the ACTION study

Sharma, A. M., Bélanger, A., Carson, V., Krah, J., Langlois, M., Lawlor, D., Lepage, S., Liu, A., Macklin, D. A., MacKay, N., et al. (2019) · Clinical Obesity · doi:10.1111/cob.12329 · Cited by 86

Real‐World Clinical Effectiveness of Liraglutide 3.0 mg for Weight Management in Canada

Wharton, S., Liu, A., Pakseresht, A., Nørtoft, E., Haase, C. L., Mancini, J., Power, G. S., Vanderlelie, S., & Christensen, R. A. G. (2019) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22462 · Cited by 77

Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT): A component of total daily energy expenditure

Chung, N., Park, M.-Y., Kim, J., Park, H.-Y., Hwang, H., Lee, C.-H., Han, J.-S., So, J., Park, J., & Lim, K. (2018) · Journal of Exercise Nutrition & Biochemistry · doi:10.20463/jenb.2018.0013 · Cited by 57

Changing the Endpoints for Determining Effective Obesity Management

Ross, R., Blair, S., de Lannoy, L., Després, J.-P., & Lavie, C. J. (2015) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2014.10.002 · Cited by 55

Managing obesity in children: a clinical practice guideline

Ball, G. D. C., Merdad, R., Birken, C. S., Cohen, T. R., Goodman, B., Hadjiyannakis, S., Hamilton, J., Henderson, M., Lammey, J., Morrison, K. M., et al. (2025) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.241456 · Cited by 56

Metabolic profile and quality of life in class I sarcopenic overweight and obese postmenopausal women: a MONET study

Messier, V., Karelis, A. D., Lavoie, M.-E., Brochu, M., Faraj, M., Strychar, I., & Rabasa-Lhoret, R. (2009) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h08-135 · Cited by 54

Effect of a High-Protein Energy-Restricted Diet Combined with Resistance Training on Metabolic Profile in Older Individuals with Metabolic Impairments

Amamou, T., Normandin, E., Pouliot, J., Dionne, I. J., Brochu, M., & Riesco, E. (2017) · The Journal of nutrition, health and aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-016-0760-8 · Cited by 40

A 6-Month Exercise Intervention Among Inactive and Overweight Favela-Residing Women in Brazil : The Caranguejo Exercise Trial

Alves, J. G., Gale, C. R., Mutrie, N., Correia, J. B., & Batty, G. D. (2009) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2007.124495 · Cited by 34

Nonsurgical weight loss interventions: a systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Twells, L. K., Harris Walsh, K., Blackmore, A., Adey, T., Donnan, J., Peddle, J., Ryan, D., Farrell, A., Nguyen, H., Gao, Z., et al. (2021) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13320 · Cited by 33

Effects of Meal Preparation Training on Body Weight, Glycemia, and Blood Pressure: Results of a Phase 2 Trial in Type 2 Diabetes

Dasgupta, K., Hajna, S., Joseph, L., Da Costa, D., Christopoulos, S., & Gougeon, R. (2012) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-9-125 · Cited by 32

The Efficacy of Irvingia Gabonensis Supplementation in the Management of Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Onakpoya, I., Davies, L., Posadzki, P., & Ernst, E. (2013) · Journal of Dietary Supplements · doi:10.3109/19390211.2012.760508 · Cited by 30

Occupational Therapy for Adults with Overweight and Obesity: Mapping Interventions Involving Occupational Therapists

Nielsen, S. S., & Christensen, J. R. (2018) · Occupational Therapy International · doi:10.1155/2018/7412686 · Cited by 27

Using a brief web-based 5A intervention to improve weight management in primary care: results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial

Welzel, F. D., Bär, J., Stein, J., Löbner, M., Pabst, A., Luppa, M., Grochtdreis, T., Kersting, A., Blüher, M., Luck-Sikorski, C., et al. (2021) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-021-01404-0 · Cited by 24

How useful are clinical guidelines for the management of obesity in general practice?

Mercer, S. (2009) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp09x472917 · Cited by 15

Real-World Clinical Effectiveness of Liraglutide for Weight Management in Türkiye: Insights from the LIRA-TR Study

Oral, A., Küçük, C., & Köse, M. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13206121 · Cited by 8

Evaluating prevalence and patterns of prescribing medications for depression for patients with obesity using large primary care data (Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network)

Puzhko, S., Schuster, T., Barnett, T. A., Renoux, C., Rosenberg, E., Barber, D., & Bartlett, G. (2020) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2020.00024 · Cited by 7