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Cited by 270Visual perception and processing mechanismsNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsAxon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling

Development of prestriate visual projections in the monkey and human fetal cerebrum revealed by transient cholinesterase staining

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Kostovic, I, Rakic, P·1984·The Journal of Neuroscience
DOI 10.1523/jneurosci.04-01-00025.1984PMC PMC6564757
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Abstract

Cholinesterase (ChE) staining was used to reveal the timing and pattern of development of afferents to the prestriate visual cortex (areas 18, 19, 20, and 21 of Brodmann) in a series of developing human and monkey fetal brains. This investigation was possible because the nucleus pulvinaris of the thalamus, the main source of subcortical projections to the prestriate cortex, displays positive reactivity after thiocholine incubation during the last three quarters of gestation, while neighboring thalamic nuclei that project to the adjacent neocortical areas are unstained. Staining of the pulvinar and its prestriate projections passes through six broad stages. Stage I begins in both species at the end of the first third of gestation. Positively stained fibers originate from the pulvinar and enter but do not extend beyond the hemispheric stalk. During stage II, pulvinar axons gradually invade the intermediate zone of the occipital lobe, and in stage III they reach the level of the subplate zone. In stage IV, which occurs around mid-gestation in both species, cholinesterase-positive fibers accumulate within the subplate zone subjacent to the developing prestriate cortex. During stage V, ChE-positive fibers penetrate the prospective prestriate cortex but do not yet form the alternating columnar pattern characteristic of pulvinar input to this area in the adults. Rather, ChE activity is concentrated in two continuous bands situated within prospective layers III-IV and VI; also a narrow band is visible in upper layer I. In stage V a clear histochemical border forms between prestriate and striate areas with ChE activity in prospective area 17 limited mostly to the superficial strata of layers I and II. This histochemical differentiation precedes the emergence of cytoarchitectonic landmarks. During stage VI, which begins in the last fifth of gestation in both species, the pulvinar become progressively less stainable and its projections can no longer be traced by ChE histochemistry.

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  • A transient expression of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase seems to play a role in thalamocortical circuit formation.

    “Alongside, a transient expression of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase seems to play a role in the thalamocortical circuit formation [218–220].”

    From Development of prefrontal cortex (2022) · cites this paper as [219]

    The Discussion (page not available in our copy) suggests that transient cholinesterase activity might have a morphogenetic function, and the study uses that activity to trace developing thalamocortical projections. It also says the activity’s developmental role is unknown; it does not establish a specific role for acetylcholinesterase in forming thalamocortical circuits. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. Goldman-Rakic, P. S., and P. Rakic (1983) Experimentally modified convolutional patterns in nonhuman primates: Pos- sible relevance of connections to cerebral dominance in man. In Biological Foundations of Cerebral Dominance, N. Ges- chwind, ed., Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, in press.
  2. Manocha, S. L., and T. R. Shantha (1970) Macaca Mulattu: Enzyme Histochemistry of the Nervous System, Academic Press, Inc., New York.
  3. Rakic, P. (1974a) Embryonic development of the pulvinar-LP complex in man. In The Pulvinar-LP Complex, I. S. Cooper, M. Riklan, and P. T. Rakic, eds., pp. 3-25, Charles C Thomas, Springfield, IL.
  4. Rakic, P. (1981) Developmental events leading to laminar and area1 organization of the neocortex. In The Cerebral Cortex, F. D. Schmitt, ed., pp. 7-28, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
  5. Yakovlev, P. I. (1969) The development of the nuclei of the dorsal thalamus and of the cerebral cortex: Morphogenetic and tectogenetic correlation. In Modern Neurology: Papers in Tribute to Derek Denny-Brown, S. Locke, ed., pp. 15-53, Little, Brown and Co.

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Authors
Kostovic, I., & Rakic, P.
ORCID
Rakic, P
Venue
The Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher
Society for Neuroscience
Published
1984-01-01
Volume
4
Issue
1
Pages
25-42
ISSN
  • 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2401
DOI
10.1523/jneurosci.04-01-00025.1984
PMC
PMC6564757
OpenAlex
W1612454610
Cited by
270
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
FWCI
4.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
U.S. Public Health Service
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
Keywords
thalamocortical connections, fetal brain development, cholinesterase histochemistry, subplate, pregnancy stage, human fetal brain, area 17
MeSH terms
Afferent Pathways, Aging, Animals, Brain, Cholinesterases, Female, Fetus, Gestational Age, Histocytochemistry, Humans, Macaca mulatta, Pregnancy, Visual Cortex

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