There and back again: hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex track homing distance during human path integration
Open accessAbstract
Path integration, the updating of position and orientation during movement, often involves tracking a home location. Here, we examine processes that could contribute to successful location tracking in humans. In particular, we investigate a homing vector model of path integration, whereby a navigator continuously tracks a trajectory back to the home location. To examine this model, we developed a loop task for fMRI, in which participants viewed movement that circled back to a home location in a sparse virtual environment. In support of a homing vector system, hippocampus, retrosplenial cortex, and parahippocampal cortex were responsive to Euclidean distance from home. These results provide the first evidence of a constantly maintained homing signal in the human brain. In addition, hippocampus, retrosplenial cortex, and parahippocampal cortex, as well as medial prefrontal cortex, were recruited during successful path integration. These findings suggest that dynamic processes recruit hippocampus, retrosplenial cortex, and parahippocampal cortex in support of path integration, including a homing vector system that tracks movement relative to home. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Path integration is the continual updating of position and orientation during navigation. Animal studies have identified place cells and grid cells as important for path integration, but underlying models of path integration in humans have rarely been studied. The results of our novel loop closure task are the first to suggest that a homing vector tracks Euclidean distance from the home location, supported by the hippocampus, retrosplenial cortex, and parahippocampal cortex. These findings suggest a potential homing vector mechanism supporting path integration, which recruits hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex to track movement relative to home. These results provide new avenues for computational and animal models by directing attention to homing vector models of path integration, which differ from current movement-tracking models.
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The present findings are broadly consistent with fMRI evidence that retrosplenial cortex activity is positively correlated with distance back to the start of a simple circular journey.
“Our findings are broadly consistent with fMRI evidence that retrosplenial cortex activity is positively correlated with the distance back to the start of a simple circular journey (Chrastil et al. 2015).”
From Hippocampal and Retrosplenial Goal Distance Coding After Long-term Consolidation of a Real-World Environment (2019) · cites this paper as Chrastil et al. 2015
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- Authors
- Chrastil, E. R., Sherrill, K. R., Hasselmo, M. E., & Stern, C. E.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2015-11-18
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 46
- Pages
- 15442-15452
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6605486
- OpenAlex
- W2441659230
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6
- FWCI
- 6.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative
- Office of Naval Research
- National Center for Research Resources (P41-RR-14075, P41RR014075)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Keywords
- path integration, hippocampus, retrosplenial cortex, parahippocampal cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, spatial navigation, virtual worlds, place cells, grid cells
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Cerebral Cortex, Hippocampus, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neural Pathways, Orientation, Oxygen, Spatial Behavior, Young Adult
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