Hippocampal place-cell sequences depict future paths to remembered goals
Open accessAbstract
Effective navigation requires planning extended routes to remembered goal locations. Hippocampal place cells have been proposed to have a role in navigational planning, but direct evidence has been lacking. Here we show that before goal-directed navigation in an open arena, the rat hippocampus generates brief sequences encoding spatial trajectories strongly biased to progress from the subject's current location to a known goal location. These sequences predict immediate future behaviour, even in cases in which the specific combination of start and goal locations is novel. These results indicate that hippocampal sequence events characterized previously in linearly constrained environments as 'replay' are also capable of supporting a goal-directed, trajectory-finding mechanism, which identifies important places and relevant behavioural paths, at specific times when memory retrieval is required, and in a manner that could be used to control subsequent navigational behaviour.
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Representations of rewarded spatial locations are preferentially reactivated in both wake and sleep states, although there are also findings of a bias in the opposite direction.
“representations of rewarded spatial locations are preferentially reactivated in both wake and sleep states, 80,81,[142][143][144] although there are also findings of a bias of reactivations in the opposite direction.”
From Sleep—A brain-state serving systems memory consolidation (2023) · cites this paper as [144]
The ‘Trajectory events over-represent a known goal location’ section reports that hippocampal events over-represented the rewarded HOME location during awake behavior. The paper mentions replay during sleep, but does not report preferential reactivation of rewarded locations during sleep. The citation appears before the separate clause about a bias in the opposite direction. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBoth sleep and wake replay can represent knowledge about an environment and share anticipatory features, including offline pre-activations of trajectories entailing visible but yet unexplored paths and locations.
“both sleep and wake replay can represent knowledge about an environment and also share anticipatory features, such that they can e.g., include offline ''pre-activations'' of trajectories entailing visible but yet unexplored paths and locations.”
From Sleep—A brain-state serving systems memory consolidation (2023) · cites this paper as [144]
The Abstract reports trajectory sequences that predict future behavior, including novel combinations of start and goal locations, and mentions replay during both sleep and wakefulness. The section ‘Trajectory events actively and flexibly reflect task demands’ specifies that the novel paths were over familiar terrain. The paper does not establish that sleep and wake replay both pre-activate visible but unexplored paths or locations. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThere is now an accumulating wealth of reports of the sort of neural response profile that would be predicted if an animal is evaluating a menu of internally represented actions and their consequences at critical decision points.
“Along with these human studies, there is now an accumulating wealth of reports of the sort of neural response profile that would be predicted if indeed an animal is evaluating a menu of internally represented actions and their consequences at critical decision points.”
From Goals and Habits in the Brain (2013) · cites this paper as Pfeiffer and Foster, 2013
These forward sweeps are consistent with the idea that the subject is engaged in some form of deliberation regarding its future potential states and the worth thereof, for instance, being correlated with the subject's ultimate choices.
“They do so in a manner consistent with the idea that the subject is engaged in some form of deliberation regarding its future potential states and the worth thereof (Johnson and Redish, 2007; Pfeiffer and Foster, 2013; van der Meer and Redish, 2009), for instance, being correlated with the subject’s ultimate choices.”
From Goals and Habits in the Brain (2013) · cites this paper as Pfeiffer and Foster, 2013
At decision points such as a branch point in a maze, hippocampal place cell responses can be observed to sweep forward from the actual location of the subject.
“In particular, at decision points such as a branch point in a maze, hippocampal place cell responses can be observed to sweep forward from the actual location of the subject.”
From Goals and Habits in the Brain (2013) · cites this paper as Pfeiffer and Foster, 2013
Rats have been argued to show behavioural and neurological evidence for what appears to be future planning, or at least precursors to planning.
“rats have been argued to show behavioural and neurological evidence for what appears to be future planning [172], or at least, the precursors to planning [89,173,174].”
From Is episodic-like memory <i>like</i> episodic memory? (2024) · cites this paper as [172]
Pathways to remembered goals were 'pre-played' before rats engaged in goal-directed navigation through an area, even when the specific routes were novel.
“pathways to remembered goals were ‘pre-played’ before they engaged in goal-directed navigation through an area, even when the specific routes were novel [172].”
From Is episodic-like memory <i>like</i> episodic memory? (2024) · cites this paper as [172]
This pre-play directly predicts future navigation behaviour, suggesting its role in future planning.
“This pre-play directly predicts future navigation behaviour, suggesting its role in future planning.”
From Is episodic-like memory <i>like</i> episodic memory? (2024) · cites this paper as [172]
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- Authors
- Pfeiffer, B. E., & Foster, D. J.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Foster, David J.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2013-04-17
- Volume
- 497
- Issue
- 7447
- Pages
- 74-79
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC3990408
- OpenAlex
- W1975958074
- Cited by
- 1,216
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 67 · 2025: 111 · 2024: 78 · 2023: 88 · 2022: 89 · 2021: 96 · 2020: 107 · 2019: 121 · 2018: 103 · 2017: 106 · 2016: 86 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 64 · 2013: 26
- FWCI
- 45.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH085823, R01MH085823)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- place cells, goal-directed navigation, memory replay, rats, memory retrieval, spatial memory
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Decision Making, Goals, Hippocampus, Locomotion, Male, Memory, Probability, Rats, Long-Evans, Rats
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