Differential involvement of the anterior and posterior hippocampus, parahippocampus, and retrosplenial cortex in making precise judgments of spatial distance and object size for remotely acquired memories of environments and objects
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The hippocampus is known to support processing of precise spatial information in recently learned environments. It is less clear, but crucial for theories of systems consolidation, to know whether it also supports processing of precise spatial information in familiar environments learned long ago and whether such precision extends to objects and numbers. In this fMRI study, we asked participants to make progressively more refined spatial distance judgments among well-known Toronto landmarks (whether landmark A is closer to landmark B or C) to examine hippocampal involvement. We also tested whether the hippocampus was similarly engaged in estimating magnitude regarding sizes of familiar animals and numbers. We found that the hippocampus was only engaged in spatial judgment. Activation was greater and lasted longer in the posterior than anterior hippocampus, which instead showed greater modulation as discrimination between spatial distances became more fine grained. These findings suggest that the anterior and posterior hippocampus have different functions which are influenced differently by estimation of differential distance. Similarly, parahippocampal-place-area and retrosplenial cortex were involved only in the spatial condition. By contrast, activation of the intraparietal sulcus was modulated by precision in all conditions. Therefore, our study supports the idea that the hippocampus and related structures are implicated in retrieving and operating even on remote spatial memories whenever precision is required, as posted by some theories of systems consolidation.
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The underlying neural substrates are probably dynamically activated to varying degrees based on past experiences and current task demands, with each activation influencing the organization and structure of the retrieved memory.
“The underlying neural substrates are probably dynamically activated to varying degrees based on past experiences and current task demands, with each activation influencing the organization and structure of the retrieved memory15.”
From Long-term Memory Reorganization of Navigational Episodes (2026) · cites this paper as [15]
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that hippocampal activation varies with the precision required by a spatial judgment and describes a shift in anterior and posterior activation during the task. It also conjectures that early anterior activation helps construct a scene. The paper does not establish that past experiences determine the degree of activation or that each activation changes the organization and structure of the retrieved memory. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Hippocampal CA1 activity correlated with the distance to the goal and navigation performance
Spiers, H. J., Ólafsdóttir, H. F., & Lever, C. (2017) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.22813 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The human brain uses spatial schemas to represent segmented environments
Peer, M., & Epstein, R. A. (2021) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.012 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The relationship between hippocampal subfield volumes and autobiographical memory persistence
Barry, D. N., Clark, I. A., & Maguire, E. A. (2020) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.23293 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Christensen, T. T., Bisgaard, C. F., Nielsen, H. B., & Wiborg, O. (2010) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.07.016 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Lyttle, D. N., Gereke, B. J., Lin, K., & Fellous, J. (2013) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.22132 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Verdino, M., & Dingman, S. (1998) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1998.86.2.476 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Duarte, I. C., Ferreira, C., Marques, J. C., & Castelo-Branco, M. S. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086213 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Basile, B. M., Templer, V. L., Gazes, R. P., & Hampton, R. R. (2020) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz0484 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Conceptual size representation in ventral visual cortex
Gabay, S., Kalanthroff, E., Henik, A., & Gronau, N. (2015) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.12.029 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Audrain, S., Gilmore, A. W., Wilson, J. M., Schacter, D. L., & Martin, A. D. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0832-22.2022 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Hirshhorn, M., Newman, L., & Moscovitch, M. (2010) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.20871 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationBouffard, N. R., Golestani, A., Brunec, I. K., Bellana, B., Park, J. Y., Barense, M. D., & Moscovitch, M. (2022) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhac480 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationMulti-scale goal distance representations in human hippocampus during virtual spatial navigation
Liu, J., Chen, D., Xiao, X., Zhang, H., Zhou, W., Liang, S., Kunz, L., Schulze‐Bonhage, A., Axmacher, N., & Wang, L. (2023) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2023.04.033 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Human spatial representation: what we cannot learn from the studies of rodent navigation
Zhao, M. (2018) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00781.2017 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Coughlan, G., Bouffard, N. R., Golestani, A., Thakral, P. P., Schacter, D. L., Grady, C. L., & Moscovitch, M. (2022) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhac273 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationAdaptation for landmark identity and landmark location on a familiar college campus
Morgan, L., MacEvoy, S. P., Aguirre, G. K., & Epstein, R. A. (2010) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/10.7.1236 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Horovitz, D. J., Askins, L. A., Regnier, G. M., & McQuail, J. A. (2025) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.01.010 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Scene-selectivity in CA1/subicular complex: Multivoxel pattern analysis at 7T
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Dramatic changes to well-known places go unnoticed
Rosenbaum, R. S., Halilova, J. G., Agnihotri, S., D’angelo, M., Winocur, G., Ryan, J. D., & Moscovitch, M. (2024) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108818 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationDramatic changes to well-known places go unnoticed
Rosenbaum, R. S., Halilova, J. G., Agnihotri, S., D'Angelo, M. C., Winocur, G., Ryan, J. D., & Moscovitch, M. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/ypg96 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationLong-term Memory Reorganization of Navigational Episodes
Iggena, D., Schmelter, T., Maier, P. M., Reguieg, K., Finke, C., Hildebrand, K., & Ploner, C. J. (2026) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-026-02472-x
“The underlying neural substrates are probably dynamically activated to varying degrees based on past experiences and current task demands, with each activation influencing the organization and structure of the retrieved memory 15 .”
Hippocampal Plasticity and Navigational Skills in Blindness
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Hippocampal prediction errors and claustral control at the perception–memory crossroads
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- Authors
- Ziegler, M. G., Liu, Z.-X., Arsenault, J., Dang, C., Grady, C., Rosenbaum, R. S., & Moscovitch, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- University of Michigan–Dearborn (US)
- Baycrest Academy for Research and Education (CA)
- York University (CA)
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2023-07-29
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 10139-10154
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- PMC
- PMC10502799
- OpenAlex
- W4385406867
- Cited by
- 6
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 0.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP125958)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Keywords
- hippocampus, anterior hippocampus, posterior hippocampus, parahippocampal place area, retrosplenial cortex, intraparietal sulcus, object size estimation, remote memory retrieval, systems consolidation, spatial precision
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Gyrus Cinguli, Hippocampus, Judgment, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Memory, Long-Term, Spatial Memory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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