Genetically Determined Differences in Brain Response to a Primary Food Reward: Figure 1.
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Combining genetic and neuroimaging techniques may elucidate the biological underpinnings of individual differences in neurophysiology and potential vulnerabilities to disease. The TaqIA A1 variant is associated with diminished dopamine D 2 receptor density, higher body mass, and food reinforcement. It also moderates the relationship between brain response to food and future weight gain. This suggests that the polymorphism is associated with a fundamental difference in the neurophysiology of food that may predispose toward overeating. An alternative possibility is that factors, such as impulsivity, eating style, reward drive, and perception, which may covary with the polymorphism, influence reward coding and eating behavior. To distinguish between these alternatives, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure neural response to the ingestion of palatable and caloric milkshakes in healthy subjects with (A1+;n= 13) and without (A1−;n= 13) the TaqIA A1 allele. The groups were selected from a larger group to be matched for linked individual factors such as age, gender, education, body mass index, impulsivity, eating style, and perceptual responses to the milkshake. We demonstrate an interaction between genotype (A1+ vs A1−) and stimulus (milkshake vs a tasteless/odorless baseline) in the midbrain, thalamus, and orbital frontal cortex; whereas A1− shows increased responses to milkshake, A1+ shows decreased responses to milkshake relative to baseline. This interaction occurs despite similar ratings of milkshake pleasantness, intensity, and familiarity. We therefore conclude that there is a specific association between the TaqIA A1 polymorphism and brain response during ingestion of a palatable food.
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Comparing lean and obese subjects carrying different alleles of either the dopamine D2-receptor or μ-opioid receptor genes reveals differences in behavioral and neural responses to palatable food.
“Comparing lean and obese subjects carrying different alleles of either the dopamine D2-receptor or μ-opioid receptor genes does reveal differences in behavioral and neural responses to palatable food ([39](#B39), [40](#B40), [60](#B60), [172](#B172)).”
From Food reward, hyperphagia, and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [60]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Felsted, J. A., Ren, X., Chouinard-Decorte, F., & Small, D. M.
- Affiliations
- John B. Pierce Laboratory (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Small, Dana M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2010-02-17
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2428-2432
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC2831082
- OpenAlex
- W2058553084
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 4.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R03DA022292)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Keywords
- dopamine D2 receptor, food reward, milkshakes, individual differences, genetic association, midbrain, thalamus, orbitofrontal cortex, dietary habits, overeating, impulsivity, eating styles, reward coding
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Brain, Brain Mapping, Eating, Feeding Behavior, Food Preferences, Gene Frequency, Genotype, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Oxygen, Personality Inventory, Polymorphism, Genetic, Reward, Taste, Body Mass Index, Receptors, Dopamine D2
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