Impact of short-term high-fat feeding and insulin-stimulated FGF21 levels in subjects with low birth weight and controls
Abstract
Objective: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a metabolic factor involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, little is known about the physiological role of FGF21 during a dietary challenge in humans. Research design and methods: Twenty healthy low birth weight (LBW) with known risk of type 2 diabetes and 26 control (normal birth weight (NBW)) young men were subjected to 5 days of high-fat (HF) overfeeding (+50%). Basal and clamp insulin-stimulated serum FGF21 levels were examined before and after the diet, and FGF21 mRNA expression was measured in muscle and fat biopsies respectively. Results: Five days of HF overfeeding diet significantly (P<0.001) increased fasting serum FGF21 levels in both the groups (P<0.001). Furthermore, insulin infusion additionally increased serum FGF21 levels to a similar extent in both the groups. Basal mRNA expression of FGF21 in muscle was near the detection limit and not present in fat in both the groups before and after the dietary challenge. However, insulin significantly (P<0.001) increased FGF21 mRNA in both muscle and fat in both the groups during both diets. Conclusion: Short-term HF overfeeding markedly increased serum FGF21 levels in healthy young men with and without LBW but failed to increase muscle or fat FGF21 mRNA levels. This suggests that the liver may be responsible for the rise of serum FGF21 levels during overfeeding. In contrast, the increase in serum FGF21 levels during insulin infusion may arise from increased transcription in muscle and fat. We speculate that increased serum FGF21 levels during HF overfeeding may be a compensatory response to increase fatty acid oxidation and energy expenditure.
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Obesogenic diets significantly elevate plasma FGF21 levels.
“Obesogenic diets, which are termed high-fat diets but are actually high-fat/high-carbohydrate diets, also significantly elevate plasma FGF21 levels35.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [35]
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- Authors
- Vienberg, S. G., Brøns, C., Nilsson, E., Astrup, A., Vaag, A., & Andersen, B.
- Affiliations
- Rigshospitalet (DK)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Vienberg, Sara G
- Venue
- European Journal of Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2012-07
- Volume
- 167
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 49-57
- ISSN
- 0804-4643 (ISSN-L)
- 1479-683X
- OpenAlex
- W2163233632
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 1.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Novo Nordisk
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- FGF21, low birth weight, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, liver, type 2 diabetes risk, fatty acid oxidation, energy expenditure, glycolipid metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Adult, Blood Glucose, Energy Metabolism, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Humans, Hyperphagia, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Muscle, Skeletal, Cross-Over Studies, Diet, High-Fat
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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