Cited by 346Hormonal and reproductive studiesSperm and Testicular FunctionMenopause: Health Impacts and Treatments

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Endogenous sex hormones in men aged 40-80 years

Muller, M, den Tonkelaar, I, Thijssen, JH, Grobbee, DE, van der Schouw, YT·2003·European Journal of Endocrinology

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between aging, life-style factors and health-related factors and endogenous sex hormone levels. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of 400 independently living men between 40 and 80 Years of age. METHODS: After exclusion of subjects who were not physically or mentally able to visit the study center, 400 men were randomly selected from a population-based sample. Total testosterone (TT), bioavailable testosterone (BT) (i.e. not bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)), SHBG, estradiol (E(2)) and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) were investigated for their relationship with age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, smoking, physical activity and general health status. Multivariate models using ANCOVA analyses were used to examine the contribution of life-style factors to sex hormone variability. RESULTS: TT, BT and DHEA-S decreased with age; 0.2, 0.7 and 1.2%/Year respectively. SHBG showed an increase with age of 1.1%/Year. No changes with age were found for E(2). General health status modified the association of TT and SHBG with age (P interaction 0.10 and 0.002 respectively). Increased BMI and waist circumference were associated with decreased TT, BT, SHBG and DHEA-S and increased E(2) (all P<0.01). Current smoking, lower alcohol intake and a higher physical activity score were associated with higher TT and SHBG levels. CONCLUSION: This study showed the important determinants of sex hormones were age, BMI, waist circumference, smoking, general health status and physical activity. Furthermore, it can be concluded that general health status modified the effect between sex hormones and age. For future observational studies it should be taken into account that the above-mentioned determinants may alter the association between sex hormones and diseases and related conditions.

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Authors: Muller, M., den Tonkelaar, I., Thijssen, J., Grobbee, D., & van der Schouw, Y.
Affiliations: University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
ORCID: Muller, M
Thijssen, JH
Venue: European Journal of Endocrinology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2003-12-01
Volume: 149
Issue: 6
Pages: 583-589
ISSN: 0804-4643 (ISSN-L)
1479-683X
DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1490583
OpenAlex: W2007326249
Cited by: 346
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 28
FWCI: 6.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: European Journal of Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
Keywords: endogenous sex hormones, aging, men, testosterone, bioavailable testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, health status, lifestyle factors
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Cross-Sectional Studies, Estradiol, Health Status, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Body Mass Index, Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate

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Endogenous sex hormones in men aged 40-80 years

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