Cited by 259Vitamin D Research StudiesChild Nutrition and Water AccessMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

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Maternal Serum Vitamin D Levels During Pregnancy and Offspring Neurocognitive Development

Whitehouse, Andrew J. O., Holt, Barbara J., Serralha, Michael, Holt, Patrick G., Kusel, Merci M. H., Hart, Prue H.·2012·Pediatrics

DOI 10.1542/peds.2011-2644

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between maternal serum 25(OH)-vitamin D concentrations during a critical window of fetal neurodevelopment and behavioral, emotional, and language outcomes of offspring. METHODS: Serum 25(OH)-vitamin D concentrations of 743 Caucasian women in Perth, Western Australia (32°S) were measured at 18 weeks pregnancy and grouped into quartiles. Offspring behavior was measured with the Child Behavior Checklist at 2, 5, 8, 10, 14, and 17 years of age (n range = 412–652). Receptive language was assessed with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test—Revised at ages 5 (n = 534) and 10 (n = 474) years. Raw scores were converted to standardized scores, incorporating cutoffs for clinically significant levels of difficulty. RESULTS: χ2 analyses revealed no significant associations between maternal 25(OH)-vitamin D serum quartiles and offspring behavioral/emotional problems at any age. In contrast, there were significant linear trends between quartiles of maternal vitamin D levels and language impairment at 5 and 10 years of age. Multivariate regression analyses, incorporating a range of confounding variables, found that the risk of women with vitamin D insufficiency (≤46 nmol/L) during pregnancy having a child with clinically significant language difficulties was increased close to twofold compared with women with vitamin D levels >70 nmol/L. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy is significantly associated with offspring language impairment. Maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy may reduce the risk of developmental language difficulties among their children.

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Authors: Whitehouse, A. J. O., Holt, B. J., Serralha, M., Holt, P. G., Kusel, M. M. H., & Hart, P. H.
Affiliations: The Kids Research Institute Australia (AU)
ORCID: Whitehouse, Andrew J. O.
Serralha, Michael
Holt, Patrick G.
Hart, Prue H.
Venue: Pediatrics
Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Published: 2012-03-01
Volume: 129
Issue: 3
Pages: 485-493
ISSN: 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
1098-4275
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2011-2644
OpenAlex: W2163311262
Cited by: 259
References: 55
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 16
FWCI: 17.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Vitamin D Research Studies
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords: maternal vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D insufficiency, pregnancy, fetal brain development, receptive language, emotional and behavioral problems, maternal vitamin D supplementation, Child Behavior Checklist, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised
MeSH terms: Adult, Age Factors, Child, Developmental Disabilities, Child, Preschool, Cognition Disorders, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Language Development, Language Development Disorders, Male, Nervous System Diseases, Pregnancy, Prenatal Care, Prognosis, Reference Values, Retrospective Studies, Vitamin D, Vitamin D Deficiency, Cohort Studies, Multivariate Analysis, Confidence Intervals, Odds Ratio, Risk Assessment

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Maternal Serum Vitamin D Levels During Pregnancy and Offspring Neurocognitive Development

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