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Cited by 33Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchStress Responses and CortisolChild Abuse and Trauma

A review on the evidence of transgenerational transmission of posttraumatic stress disorder vulnerability

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Yahyavi, Seyyed Taha, Zarghami, Mehran, Marwah, Urvashi·2013·Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria
DOI 10.1590/1516-4446-2012-0995
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To understand the risks of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) development in the next generation of PTSD patients, we conducted a review on the biological, but not genetic, evidence of transgenerational transmission of PTSD vulnerability. METHODS: Pertinent articles published from 1985 to September 2011 were searched using online academic search engines, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, OVID, PsycLIT, and SCOPUS, and a non-systematic review was conducted. RESULTS: There is paradoxical evidence that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis changes in PTSD patients may also be evident in their offspring. This effect and biological vulnerability to PTSD may be transmitted across generations through maternal epigenetic programming during pregnancy. The samples of most studies, which were not large enough and represented the outcome of few research groups, consisted of a specific type of patients with a particular trauma. CONCLUSIONS: There is still a need to conduct studies in other geographical areas with different genetic background and larger samples considering different types of trauma other than those specified in the current literature, so as to strengthen the evidence of transgenerational transmission of PTSD vulnerability.

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  • In children and adolescents, PTSD arises from exposure to severe danger, interpersonal violence, or abuse, leading to significant behavioral and emotional disturbances that jeopardize long-term development.

    “In children and adolescents, PTSD arises from exposure to severe danger, interpersonal violence, or abuse, leading to significant behavioral and emotional disturbances that jeopardize long-term development.”

    From Clinical Efficacy of Psychotherapeutic Interventions for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Analysis. (2024) · cites this paper as [5]

    The Introduction says PTSD can occur in childhood, describes it as a response to trauma, and lists symptoms including anxiety and depression. It also says severe trauma and personal vulnerability are both important, rather than exposure alone being sufficient. The Role of childhood trauma section discusses abuse and possible long-lived effects on offspring’s glucocorticoid regulation, but does not establish the claimed behavioral disturbances or jeopardized long-term development in children and adolescents. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Research works printed but not linked: 8

  1. Zarghami M. [Validity of PTSD Criteria in Mazandaran veterans]. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 1992;1:15-25.
  2. Sanati M, Zarghami M, Keshoufi M. [Anxiety features in PTSD veterans]. J Facul Med. 1991;49:43-55.
  3. Zarghami M, Ghaffari Saravi V. [PTSD in cancerous children]. J Mazandaran Univers Med Sci. 1993;2:20-3.
  4. Zarghami M. [Role of symptoms in prognosis of PTSD (a proposed hypothesis)]. J Mazandaran Univers Med Sci. 1994;3:40-53.
  5. Dijanic ´Plasc ´I, Peraica T, Grubisic ´-Ilic ´M, Rak D, Jambrosic ´Sakoman A, Kozaric ´-Kovacic ´D. Psychiatric heredity and PTSD: survey study of war veterans. Croat Med J. 2007;48:146-56.
  6. Amstadter AB, Nugent NR, Koenen KC. Genetics of PTSD: fear conditioning as a model for future research. Psychiatr Ann. 2009;39:358-67.
  7. Mason JW, Giller EL, Kosten TR, Ostroff RB, Podd L. Urinary free cortisol levels in post traumatic stress disorder patients. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1986;174:145-9.
  8. De Bellis MD, Baum AS, Birmaher B, Keshavan MS, Eccard CH, Boring AM, et al. A.E. Bennett Research Award. Developmental traumatology. Part I: biological stress systems. Biol Psychiatry. 1999;45:1259-70.

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Authors
Yahyavi, S. T., Zarghami, M., & Marwah, U.
Affiliations
  • Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (IR)
  • Medical University of the Americas (KN)
ORCID
Venue
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria
Publisher
EDITORA SCIENTIFIC
Published
2013-12-23
Volume
36
Issue
1
Pages
89-94
ISSN
  • 1516-4446 (ISSN-L)
  • 1809-452X
DOI
10.1590/1516-4446-2012-0995
OpenAlex
W2143297498
Cited by
33
References
67
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2
FWCI
0.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, transgenerational transmission, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, epigenetics, pregnancy, trauma exposure, biological transmission
MeSH terms
Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Life Change Events, Male, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Violence, Intergenerational Relations, Holocaust, Adult Children

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