CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 64Thyroid Disorders and TreatmentsGrowth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth FactorsNeuropeptides and Animal Physiology

Chronic local inflammation in mice results in decreased TRH and type 3 deiodinase mRNA expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus independently of diminished food intake

Open access
Boelen, A, Kwakkel, J, Wiersinga, W M, Fliers, E·2006·Journal of Endocrinology
DOI 10.1677/joe.1.07056
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

During illness, changes in thyroid hormone metabolism occur, known as nonthyroidal illness and characterised by decreased serum triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and thyroxine (T 4 ) without an increase in TSH. A mouse model of chronic illness is local inflammation, induced by a turpentine injection in each hind limb. Although serum T 3 and T 4 are markedly decreased in this model, it is unknown whether turpentine administration affects the central part of the hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis (HPT-axis). We therefore studied thyroid hormone metabolism in hypothalamus and pituitary of mice during chronic inflammation induced by turpentine injection. Using pair-fed controls, we could differentiate between the effects of chronic inflammation per se and the effects of restricted food intake as a result of illness. Chronic inflammation increased interleukin (IL)-1β mRNA expression in the hypothalamus more rapidly than in the pituitary. This hypothalamic cytokine response was associated with a rapid increase in local D2 mRNA expression. By contrast, no changes were present in pituitary D2 expression. TSHβ mRNA expression was altered compared with controls. Comparing chronic inflamed mice with pair-fed controls, both preproTSH releasing hormone (TRH) and D3 mRNA expression in the paraventricular nucleus were significantly lower 48 h after turpentine administration. The timecourse of TSHβ mRNA expression was completely different in inflamed mice compared with pair-fed mice. Turpentine administration resulted in significantly decreased TSHβ mRNA expression only after 24 h while later in time it was lower in pair-fed controls. In conclusion, central thyroid hormone metabolism is altered during chronic inflammation and this cannot solely be attributed to diminished food intake.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1677/joe.1.07056

Cites

38 of 38 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Reduced hypothalamic TRH expression, portal serum TRH and pituitary TSH content have been observed both in NTIS patients and NTIS animal models.

    “Indeed, reduced hypothalamic TRH expression, portal serum TRH and pituitary TSH content have been observed both in NTIS patients [65] and NTIS animal models [12, 19, 66, 67].”

    From An update on non-thyroidal illness syndrome (2021) · cites this paper as [19]

    The Results section (page not provided) reports reduced preproTRH mRNA in the hypothalamic PVN of mice with chronic inflammation. The Discussion reports reduced pituitary TSHβ mRNA, not pituitary TSH content; the paper does not report portal-serum TRH measurements. This supports only part of the claim as applied to NTIS animal models, not the separate patient claim cited to another source. (LLM, conf=0.89)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Illness results in increased hypothalamic DIO2 mRNA expression and activity while hypothalamic DIO3 decreases.

    “Illness results in increased DIO2 mRNA expression and activity [12, 15–17] while hypothalamic DIO3 decreases [18, 19].”

    From An update on non-thyroidal illness syndrome (2021) · cites this paper as [19]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

3 of the 41 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Boelen, A., Kwakkel, J., Wiersinga, W. M., & Fliers, E.
Affiliations
Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Endocrinology
Publisher
Bioscientifica
Published
2006-12
Volume
191
Issue
3
Pages
707-714
ISSN
  • 0022-0795 (ISSN-L)
  • 1479-6805
DOI
10.1677/joe.1.07056
OpenAlex
W2132313787
Cited by
64
References
41
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 1
FWCI
2.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Keywords
hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, type 3 deiodinase, type 2 deiodinase, paraventricular nucleus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, IL-1β, thyroid hormone metabolism, low T3 syndrome, dietary restriction, pair-fed control
MeSH terms
Abscess, Animals, Chronic Disease, Eating, Female, Hindlimb, Hypothalamus, Inflammation, Iodide Peroxidase, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus, Pituitary Gland, RNA, Messenger, Thyroid Hormones, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone, Models, Animal, Mice

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review