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TRAINING PARENTS TO USE THE NATURAL LANGUAGE PARADIGM TO INCREASE THEIR AUTISTIC CHILDREN'S SPEECH
Open accessAbstract
Parents of four nonverbal and four echolalic autistic children were trained to increase their children's speech by using the Natural Language Paradigm (NLP), a loosely structured procedure conducted in a play environment with a variety of toys. Parents were initially trained to use the NLP in a clinic setting, with subsequent parent‐child speech sessions occurring at home. The results indicated that following training, parents increased the frequency with which they required their children to speak (i.e., modeled words and phrases, prompted answers to questions). Correspondingly, all children increased the frequency of their verbalizations in three nontraining settings. Thus, the NLP appears to be an efficacious program for parents to learn and use in the home to increase their children's speech.
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“many autism studies using single subject designs have demonstrated the positive effects of parent-delivered interventions for reducing problem behaviors, improving children’s nonverbal and verbal communication skills, and increasing appropriate play and imitation skills.”
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Self-citationIN VIVO LANGUAGE INTERVENTION: UNANTICIPATED GENERAL EFFECTS
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Sorted by citations
Schreibman, L., Dawson, G., Stahmer, A. C., Landa, R., Rogers, S. J., McGee, G. G., Kasari, C., Ingersoll, B., Kaiser, A. P., Bruinsma, Y., et al. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2407-8 · Cited by 1,421
“Examples include In-cidental Teaching (IT; Hart and Risley 1968, 1975; McGee et al. 1999), pivotal response training (PRT; Koegel and Koegel 2006; Koegel et al. 1989; Schreibman and Koegel 2005 Kaale et al. 2012, 2014; Kasari et al. 2006, 2008, 2010, 2014a, b), Social Communication/Emotional Regulation/ Transactional…”
InfluentialSelf-citationEvidence-Based Comprehensive Treatments for Early Autism
Rogers, S. J., & Vismara, L. A. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374410701817808 · Cited by 984
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Rogers, S. J., Estes, A., Lord, C., Vismara, L., Winter, J., Fitzpatrick, A., Guo, M., & Dawson, G. (2012) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.08.003 · Cited by 713
Siller, M., & Sigman, M. (2002) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1014884404276 · Cited by 644
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BackgroundMcConachie, H., & Diggle, T. (2007) · Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2006.00674.x · Cited by 627
“This conclusion is further supported by the findings of a number of multiple baseline studies which suggest that parent training in the techniques of applied behaviour analysis produces some positive language (Harris et al. 1982; Laski et al. 1988; Smith et al. 2000b) and behaviour change (Koegel et al.”
ResultCommunication intervention for children with autism: a review of treatment efficacy
Goldstein, H. (2002) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1020589821992 · Cited by 434
“Koegel et al. (1998) contrasted traditional (analog) articulation training with a naturalistic approach (Natural Language Paradigm) in a single-subject experiment (counterbalanced reversal design) and found much greater generalization to conversational language samples for phonemes taught using the naturalistic proced…”
BackgroundInfluentialMundy, P. C., & Crowson, M. M. (1997) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1025802832021 · Cited by 415
“Research has begun to indicate that highly structured, intensive early intervention may lead to significant developmental gains for many children with autism (Birnbrauer & Leach, 1993; Bondy & Frost, 1995; Harris, Handelman, Gordon, Kristoff, & Fuentes, 1991; L. Koegel & Koegel, 1995; Laski, Charlop, & Schreibman, 198…”
BackgroundBehavioral treatments in autism spectrum disorder: what do we know?
Vismara, L. A., & Rogers, S. J. (2010) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131151 · Cited by 376
“…Schreibman et al. 1991) while resulting in improved child nonverbal (Anderson & Romanczyk 1999) and verbal communication (Charlop & Trasowech 1991, Laski et al. 1988, McGee et al. 1999, Stahmer & Gist 2001), behavior management (R.L. Koegel et al. 1992b, Lutzker & Steed 1998, Lutzker et al.…”
BackgroundPierce, K., & Schreibman, L. (1995) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1995.28-285 · Cited by 354
Self-citationCollateral effects of parent training on family interactions
Koegel, R. L., Bimbela, A., & Schreibman, L. (1996) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02172479 · Cited by 367
“Specifically, in contrast to the ITB parent training condition where each individual behavior was taught serially, the PRT condition focused on increasing the children's level of motivation and responsivity to multiple cues in the context of providing trials on a variety of the same types of tasks that were employed i…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationKaiser, A. P., Hancock, T. B., & Nietfeld, J. P. (2000) · Early Education and Development · doi:10.1207/s15566935eed1104_4 · Cited by 331
“Another study (Laski et al., 1988) taught parents prompting and modeling strategies to use with their children.”
BackgroundCan one hour per week of therapy lead to lasting changes in young children with autism?
Vismara, L. A., Colombi, C., & Rogers, S. J. (2009) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361307098516 · Cited by 331
Rogers, S. J., Vismara, L., Wagner, A. L., McCormick, C., Young, G., & Ozonoff, S. (2014) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2202-y · Cited by 328
“…evidence that parents can effectively deliver interventions for children with autism and effect desired child changes (Koegel et al. 1978; Harris et al. 1981; Short 1984; Laski et al. 1988; Koegel et al. 1996; Schreibman and Koegel 1997; Charlop-Christy and Carpenter 2000; Diggle et al. 2002).”
Teaching symbolic play skills to children with autism using pivotal response training
Stahmer, A. C. (1995) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02178500 · Cited by 307
Behavioral treatment of autistic persons: A review of research from 1980 to the present
Matson, J. (1996) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/s0891-4222(96)00030-3 · Cited by 275
Shadish, W. R., Hedges, L. V., & Pustejovsky, J. E. (2014) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2013.11.005 · Cited by 283
“For example, the second line with an effect size of 1.19 is the random effects meta-analytic average of Laski et al. (1988) and Thorp et al. (1995), the first two studies published in this dataset.”
BackgroundInfluentialIntensive Behavioral/Psychoeducational Treatments for Autism: Research Needs and Future Directions
Schreibman, L. (2000) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1005535120023 · Cited by 269
“More loosely structured and naturalistic treatment strategies, such as Incidental Teaching (e.g., Hart & Risley, 1980; McGee, Daly, Izeman, Mann, & Risley, 1991), Natural Language Paradigm or Pivotal Response Training (e.g., Koegel, O’Dell, & Koegel, 1987; Laski, Charlop, & Schreibman, 1988; Schreibman & Koegel, 1996)…”
BackgroundSelf-citationPivotal Areas in Intervention for Autism
Koegel, R. L., Koegel, L. K., & McNerney, E. K. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3001_4 · Cited by 243
“, & Lovaas, O. I. (1973). Overselective response to social stimuli by autistic children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1, 152–168. Schreibman, L., Stahmer, A. C., & Pierce, K. L. (1996). Alternative applications of pivotal response training: Teaching symbolic play and social interaction skills.”
BackgroundThe Impact of Parent-Delivered Intervention on Parents of Very Young Children with Autism
Estes, A. M., Vismara, L. A., Mercado, C. I., Fitzpatrick, A. L., Elder, L. M., Greenson, J., Lord, C., MUNSON, J. A., Winter, J., Young, G. S., et al. (2013) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-013-1874-z · Cited by 253
“Results of a number of multiple baseline studies indicate a positive effect for most parents, including increased parental knowledge, skills, and performance (Harris et al. 1982; Koegel et al. 1996; Koegel et al. 1982; Laski et al. 1988; Schreibman et al. 1991).”
Hardan, A. Y., Gengoux, G. W., Berquist, K. L., Libove, R. A., Ardel, C. M., Phillips, J. M., Frazier, T. W., & Minjarez, M. (2014) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12354 · Cited by 239
Delprato, D. J. (2001) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1010747303957 · Cited by 221
“Laski, Charlop, and Schreibman (1988) found that after eight parents were trained, they exhibited increased frequencies of application of certain key components of pivotal response training in a play setting.”
BackgroundInfluentialLanguage intervention and disruptive behavior in preschool children with autism
Koegel, R. L., Koegel, L. K., & Surratt, A. (1992) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf01058147 · Cited by 217
“This approach is receiving widespread attention in the literature with a variety of different populations, including children with autism (Koegel, O'DelI, & Dunlap, 1988; Koegel, O'DelI, & Koegel, 19887; Laski, Charlop, & Schreibman, 1988 ) children with mental retardation (Warren & Gazdag, 1990), and young children w…”
BackgroundWetherby, A. M., & Woods, J. J. (2006) · Topics in Early Childhood Special Education · doi:10.1177/02711214060260020201 · Cited by 211
A standardized mean difference effect size for multiple baseline designs across individuals
Hedges, L. V., Pustejovsky, J. E., & Shadish, W. R. (2013) · Research Synthesis Methods · doi:10.1002/jrsm.1086 · Cited by 222
“Example 2 As a second example, we use a study examining the effects of training parents to use a natural language paradigm to improve the speech production of their autistic children (Laski et al., 1988).”
MethodInfluentialRogers, S. J., Hayden, D., Hepburn, S., Charlifue-Smith, R., Hall, T., & Hayes, A. (2006) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0142-x · Cited by 214
“Positive results of parentdelivered treatment is a consistent finding in the autism literature (Charlop & Trasowech, 1991; Harris, Wolchik & Weitz, 1981; Howlin & Rutter, 1989; Laski, Charlop, & Schreibman, 1988 ).”
BackgroundEffects of sociodramatic play training on children with autism
Thorp, D. M., Stahmer, A. C., & Schreibman, L. (1995) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02179288 · Cited by 202
“the home by the child's caretakers ( Laski, Charlop, & Schreibman, 1988 ).”
Self-citationEnhancing Generalized Teaching Strategy Use in Daily Routines by Parents of Children With Autism
Kashinath, S., Woods, J. J., & Goldstein, H. (2006) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2006/036 · Cited by 223
Hemmeter, M. L., & Kaiser, A. P. (1994) · Journal of Early Intervention · doi:10.1177/105381519401800303 · Cited by 199
“Previous studies in which parents have been trained to use only the milieu procedures have required 9 to 76 sessions for the parents to meet criteria (Alpert & Kaiser, 1992; Laski et al., 1988).”
MethodStahmer, A. C., Rieth, S. R., Lee, E., Reisinger, E. M., Mandell, D. S., & Connell, J. E. (2014) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.21815 · Cited by 201
Vismara, L. A., McCormick, C. E. B., Wagner, A. L., Monlux, K., Nadhan, A., & Young, G. S. (2016) · Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1177/1088357616651064 · Cited by 191
Brief parent training in pivotal response treatment for preschoolers with autism
Coolican, J., Smith, I. M., & Bryson, S. E. (2010) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02326.x · Cited by 188
How To Teach Pivotal Behaviors to Children with Autism: A Training Manual.
Koegel, R. L. (1988) · Cited by 189
Interventions to Improve Communication in Autism
Paul, R. (2008) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2008.06.011 · Cited by 208
“The effectiveness of these methods has been amply documented in the literature , at least in single case studies, both for initiating speech in previously nonverbal children [38] and increasing the complexity of spoken language [39].”
Marcus, L. M., Kunce, L. J., & Schopler, E. (2005) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470939352.ch16 · Cited by 181
Hancock, T. B., & Kaiser, A. P. (2002) · Topics in Early Childhood Special Education · doi:10.1177/027112140202200104 · Cited by 179
Koegel, L. K., Bryan, K. M., Su, P. L., Vaidya, M., & Camarata, S. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04402-w · Cited by 191
A Review of Parent Education Programs for Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Schultz, T. R., Schmidt, C. T., & Stichter, J. P. (2011) · Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1177/1088357610397346 · Cited by 167
Parent education for families of children with autism living in geographically distant areas
Koegel, R. L., Symon, J. B., & Kern Koegel, L. (2002) · Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions · doi:10.1177/109830070200400204 · Cited by 165
Using Perseverative Interests to Elicit Joint Attention Behaviors in Young Children With Autism
Vismara, L. A., & Lyons, G. L. (2007) · Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions · doi:10.1177/10983007070090040401 · Cited by 176
Autism, Augmentative Communication, and Assistive Technology
Mirenda, P. (2001) · Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1177/108835760101600302 · Cited by 165
Training Parents as Milieu Language Teachers
Alpert, C. L., & Kaiser, A. P. (1992) · Journal of Early Intervention · doi:10.1177/105381519201600104 · Cited by 164
Preparing Teachers in Evidence-Based Practices for Young Children With Autism
Lerman, D. C., Vorndran, C. M., Addison, L. R., & Kuhn, S. A. C. (2004) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/02796015.2004.12086265 · Cited by 163
Expanding Interventions for Children With Autism
Symon, J. B. G. (2005) · Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions · doi:10.1177/10983007050070030501 · Cited by 162
“…(Anderson & Romanczyk, 1999; Krantz, MacDuff, & McClannahan, 1993) and verbal (Charlop & Trasowech, 1991; Koegel, Koegel, Harrower, & Carter, 1999; Laski et al., 1988; McGee et al., 1993; McGee, Morrier, & Daly, 1999; Stahmer & Gist, 2001) communication skills, and increase appropriate play…”
From a single-level analysis to a multilevel analysis of single-case experimental designs
Moeyaert, M., Ferron, J. M., Beretvas, S. N., & Noortgate, W. V. D. (2013) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2013.11.003 · Cited by 161
Woods, J. J., Kashinath, S., & Goldstein, H. (2004) · Journal of Early Intervention · doi:10.1177/105381510402600302 · Cited by 160
Valentine, J. C., Tanner‐Smith, E. E., Pustejovsky, J. E., & Lau, T. S. (2016) · Campbell Systematic Reviews · doi:10.4073/cmdp.2016.1 · Cited by 146
Cirrin, F. M., Schooling, T. L., Nelson, N. W., Diehl, S. F., Flynn, P. F., Staskowski, M., Torrey, T. Z., & Adamczyk, D. F. (2010) · Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools · doi:10.1044/0161-1461(2009/08-0128 · Cited by 145
Nigro‐Bruzzi, D., & Sturmey, P. (2010) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.2010.43-757 · Cited by 143
Modified Incidental Teaching Sessions
Charlop‐Christy, M. H., & Carpenter, M. H. (2000) · Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions · doi:10.1177/109830070000200203 · Cited by 142
Speech Acquisition in Older Nonverbal Individuals With Autism
Pickett, E. J., Pullara, O., O’Grady, J., & Gordon, B. (2009) · Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology · doi:10.1097/wnn.0b013e318190d185 · Cited by 144
“Parents were therapists in a few studies.(21,48,57) Some instructors trained gestural imitation (eg, clapping hands, raising arms) before vocal imitation,(44,61,70,71) and a handful of therapists focused on mand training.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialPositive affect of parents of autistic children: A comparison across two teaching techniques
Schreibman, L., Kaneko, W. M., & Koegel, R. L. (1991) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(05)80340-5 · Cited by 135
Self-citationIssues and theoretical constructs regarding parent education for autism spectrum disorders
Steiner, A. M., Koegel, L. K., Koegel, R. L., & Ence, W. A. (2012) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1194-0 · Cited by 133
“…in their child’s habilitation process is not only cost-effective, but by increasing the support that a child has throughout the day, it can increase the child’s rate of progress (Cordisco et al. 1988; Kaiser et al. 2000; Koegel et al. 1998; Laski et al. 1988; McClannahan et al. 1982; Moes 1995).”
Graziano, A. M., & Diament, D. M. (1992) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/01454455920161001 · Cited by 133
Pivotal Response Group Treatment Program for Parents of Children with Autism
Minjarez, M., Williams, S. E., Mercier, E., & Hardan, A. Y. (2010) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-010-1027-6 · Cited by 135
“They are consistent with previous studies, which have demonstrated that parents can facilitate treatment gains in their children when they learn PRT (Koegel et al. 1999a, b; Laski et al. 1988 ).”
ResultAnalysis and meta-analysis of single-case designs: An introduction
Shadish, W. R. (2014) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2013.11.009 · Cited by 130
Parent-implemented natural language paradigm to increase language and play in children with autism
Gillett, J. N., & Leblanc, L. A. (2006) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2006.09.003 · Cited by 123
“The impact of NLP on child language was consistent with previous studies (Koegel et al., 1987; Laski et al., 1988 ) and additional benefits were observed on child play skills.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialThe effects of early autism intervention on parents and family adaptive functioning
Estes, A. M., Swain, D. M., & MacDuffie, K. E. (2019) · Pediatric Medicine · doi:10.21037/pm.2019.05.05 · Cited by 152
“Studies using a multiple baseline design provided initial evidence of a positive effect for many parents, including increased parental knowledge, skills, and performance (29-31).”
MethodCarr, D., & Felce, J. (2006) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0203-1 · Cited by 125
“A wide range of communicative functions has been addressed in children with autism using incidental teaching procedures, including spontaneous requesting (Charlop et al., 1985; Koegel et al., 1987); reciprocal interactions (e.g., Laski, Charlop, & Schreibman, 1988; McGee, Almeida, Sulzer-Azaroff, & Feldman, 1992); ela…”
BackgroundResultAn Early Social Engagement Intervention for Young Children with Autism and their Parents
Vernon, T. W., Koegel, R. L., Dauterman, H. A., & Stolen, K. (2012) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1535-7 · Cited by 140
“Overall, this study adds to the growing literature on the use of parent training as an effective intervention modality for children with ASD (e.g., Kaiser et al. 2000; Koegel et al. 1998; Laski et al. 1988; Roberts et al. 2011; Schreibman and Koegel 2005).”
Voos, A. C., Pelphrey, K. A., Tirrell, J. M., Bolling, D. Z., Wyk, B. V., Kaiser, M. D., McPartland, J. C., Volkmar, F. R., & Ventola, P. E. (2012) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1683-9 · Cited by 115
“Since its development, a parent component has been added (Laski et al. 1988), and PRT has been extended beyond basic language to target appropriate social behavior (Koegel and Frea 1993), symbolic play (Stahmer 1995), speech intelligibility (Koegel et al.”
Publication bias in studies of an applied behavior‐analytic intervention: An initial analysis
Sham, E. B., & Smith, T. H. (2014) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1002/jaba.146 · Cited by 117
“The published studies included the entire dissertation data sets with three exceptions: (a) Laski, Charlop, and Schreibman (1988) reported a sum of three different child behaviors, whereas the dissertation reported data on each of the three behaviors separately; (b)Whalen and Schreibman (2003)…”
BackgroundParent-mediated early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorder
Diggle, T. T. J., & McConachie, H. (2002) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003496 · Cited by 112
RetractedPivotal Response Treatment for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review
Verschuur, R., Didden, R., Lang, R. B., Sigafoos, J., & Huskens, B. (2013) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-013-0008-z · Cited by 109
“Finally, one study evaluated the effects of PRT on interactional patterns (Koegel et al. 1996) and another study evaluated the effects of PRT on parent verbalizations (Laski et al. 1988).”
InfluentialSchreibman, L., & Stahmer, A. C. (2013) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-013-1972-y · Cited by 109
“PRT has been shown to be effective for improving speech imitation (Koegel et al. 1998; Laski et al. 1988), labeling (Koegel et al. 1998), spontaneous speech (Laski et al. 1988), and rapid acquisition of functional speech in previously nonverbal children (Sze et al. 2003).”
Self-citationPatterson, S., Smith, V., & Mirenda, P. (2012) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361311413398 · Cited by 113
“maintenance descriptions) is another important measure of the effectiveness of parent training and was examined in eight studies (Ingersoll and Gergans, 2007; Kaiser et al., 2000; Kashinath et al., 2006; Koegel et al., 2002; Laski et al., 1988; Nunes and Hanline, 2007; Rocha et al., 2007; Symon, 2005).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSymon, J. B. G. (2001) · Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions · doi:10.1177/109830070100300304 · Cited by 91
“…skill acquisition (R. L. Koegel, Koegel, & Surratt, 1992; R. L. Koegel, O’Dell, & Koegel, 1987) and improvements in generalization and maintenance of skills both for parents and for their children (Charlop & Trasowech, 1991; R. L. Koegel et al., 1987; Laski et al., 1988; Vaughn et al., 1997).”
BackgroundEffective Practices for Children with Autism
(2008) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med:psych/9780195317046.001.0001 · Cited by 91
New Directions in Behavioral Family Intervention with Children
Sanders, M. R. (1996) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0323-7_8 · Cited by 88
Using Peer Trainers to Promote Social Behavior in Autism
Pierce, K., & Schreibman, L. (1997) · Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1177/108835769701200403 · Cited by 87
Self-citationBoutain, A. R., Sheldon, J. B., & Sherman, J. A. (2020) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1002/jaba.743 · Cited by 82
Parent Training Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Brookman-Frazee, L. I., Vismara, L. A., Drahota, A., Stahmer, A. C., & Openden, D. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0088-3_14 · Cited by 79
Lang, R. B., Machalicek, W., Rispoli, M. J., & Regester, A. (2009) · Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention · doi:10.1080/17489530903338861 · Cited by 82
“Laski et al. (1988) taught parents to implement NLP with one sibling and detected generalization of parents’ skills to a second sibling.”
BackgroundInfluentialA Strength-Based Approach to Parent Education for Children With Autism
Steiner, A. M. (2010) · Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions · doi:10.1177/1098300710384134 · Cited by 89
Leblanc, L. A., Esch, J. W., Sidener, T. M., & Firth, A. M. (2006) · The Analysis of Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf03393026 · Cited by 77
Promoting Augmentative Communication During Daily Routines
Stiebel, D. (1999) · Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions · doi:10.1177/109830079900100304 · Cited by 79
Training Teachers to Use Pivotal Response Training With Children With Autism
Suhrheinrich, J. (2011) · Teacher Education and Special Education The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Council for Exceptional Children · doi:10.1177/0888406411406553 · Cited by 74
“…1998; Laski, Charlop, & Schreibman, 1988), labeling (L. K. Koegel et al., 1998), question asking (L. K. Koegel et al., 1998), spontaneous speech (Laski et al., 1988), and conversational communication (L. K. Koegel et al., 1998), in addition to supporting the rapid acquisition of functional…”
BackgroundIngersoll, B. R. (2009) · Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions · doi:10.1177/1098300709334797 · Cited by 77
Gianoumis, S., Seiverling, L. J., & Sturmey, P. (2012) · Behavioral Interventions · doi:10.1002/bin.1334 · Cited by 73
Miranda-Linné, F. M., & Melin, L. (1992) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/0891-4222(92)90025-2 · Cited by 72
Treatment of Echolalia in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Systematic Review
Neely, L. C., Gerow, S., Rispoli, M. J., Lang, R. B., & Pullen, N. (2015) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-015-0067-4 · Cited by 66
“One study did not report participants’ gender (Laski et al. 1988).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialWeiss, M. J. (2001) · The Behavior Analyst Today · doi:10.1037/h0099946 · Cited by 65
de Marchena, A. B., Eigsti, I., & Yerys, B. E. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2478-6 · Cited by 71
“Many current treatment studies make generalization to everyday settings an explicit treatment goal (e.g., Ingersoll et al. 2007; Koegel et al. 2012; Laski et al. 1988; Pierce and Schreibman 1997; Taylor and Harris 1995), emphasizing the critical role that generalization is thought to have in child…”
THE EFFECTS OF TRAINING ON CAREGIVER IMPLEMENTATION OF INCIDENTAL TEACHING
Hsieh, H., Wilder, D. A., & Abellon, O. E. (2011) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.2011.44-199 · Cited by 64
An Evaluative Review of Social Validation Research Involving Persons with Handicaps
Storey, K., & Horner, R. H. (1991) · The Journal of Special Education · doi:10.1177/002246699102500307 · Cited by 62
Moeyaert, M., Ugille, M., Ferron, J. M., Beretvas, S. N., & Noortgate, W. V. D. (2014) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445514535243 · Cited by 60
“The results of the two-level analysis applied to the nine participants of the study of Laski et al. (1988) are displayed in Table 2 and the SAS code that was used to estimate the parameters is included in Appendix C. The outcome score predicted at the beginning of the baseline phase across the nine participants ( θ 00…”
MethodInfluentialEmpirically supported pivotal response interventions for children with autism.
Koegel, R. L., Koegel, L. K., & Brookman, L. (2003) · Cited by 60
Mancil, G. R., Conroy, M. A., & Haydon, T. F. (2008) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-008-0613-3 · Cited by 67
Feasibility Testing of a Wearable Behavioral Aid for Social Learning in Children with Autism
Daniels, J., Haber, N., Voss, C., Schwartz, J. N., Tamura, S., Fazel, A., Kline, A., Washington, P. Y., Phillips, J. M., Winograd, T. A., et al. (2018) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1626727 · Cited by 60
“5, 64 Motivated by the need for more scalable care”
Spontaneity of Communication in Individuals with Autism
Chiang, H.-M., & Carter, M. (2007) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-007-0436-7 · Cited by 64
“Motivation has been implicated as an important factor in communicative spontaneity (Carter and Grunsell 2001; Koegel et al. 1987; Laski et al. 1988 ) and low levels of spontaneity in individuals with autism may reflect different communicative motivation and style.”
BackgroundMotivating Communication in Children with Autism
Koegel, L. K., & Koegel, R. L. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1286-2_5 · Cited by 57
McCulloch, E., & NOONAN, M. J. (2013) · Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1177/215416471304800112 · Cited by 56
“Laski, Charlop, and Schreibman (1988) demonstrated that discussion, modeling, and in-vivo coaching was effective in promoting mand training among staff and parents, however, lengthy instructions were required.”
Functional equivalence of autistic leading and communicative pointing: Analysis and treatment
Carr, E. G., & Kemp, D. C. (1989) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02212858 · Cited by 56
“The fact that pointing was likely under the control of such stimuli is significant in view of what has been written concerning the importance of including natural cues in treatments designed to promote language development (Charlop, Schreibman, & Thibodeau, 1984; Halle, 1984; Koegel, O'Dell, & Dunlap, 1988; Koegel, O'…”
BackgroundEnhancing Early Language in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Paul, R., & Sutherland, D. (2005) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470939352.ch11 · Cited by 52
Wainer, A., & Ingersoll, B. R. (2013) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/cpsp.12045 · Cited by 60
Teaching Enhanced Milieu Language Teaching Skills to Parents in Multiple Risk Families
Peterson, P., Carta, J. J., & Greenwood, C. R. (2005) · Journal of Early Intervention · doi:10.1177/105381510502700205 · Cited by 50
Blackman, A. L., Jimenez‐Gomez, C., & Shvarts, S. (2019) · Behavior Analysis Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/bar0000163 · Cited by 51
Mohammadzaheri, F., Koegel, L. K., Rezaei, M., & Bakhshi, E. (2015) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2451-4 · Cited by 50
Planned Activities Training for Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities
Huynen, K. B., Lutzker, J. R., Bigelow, K. M., Touchette, P. E., & Campbell, R. V. (1996) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/01454455960204003 · Cited by 48
Koly, K. N., Martin-Herz, S. P., Islam, M. S., Sharmin, N., Blencowe, H. K., & Naheed, A. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247432 · Cited by 46
“In high-income countries, parent-mediated programmes are generally embedded in regular intervention programs administered through special educational centres [57, 59, 65], while”
BackgroundVentola, P. E., Friedman, H. E., Anderson, L. C., Wolf, J. M., Oosting, D., Foss‐Feig, J. H., McDonald, N. M., Volkmar, F. R., & Pelphrey, K. A. (2014) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2145-3 · Cited by 47
“Additionally, although several past studies have investigated the effects of PRT on basic language and early-emerging social behaviors (Koegel et al. 1987; Laski et al. 1988; Coolican et al. 2010; Minjarez et al. 2011), the present study is one of the first to target higher-order social skill development (e.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Laski, K. E., Charlop, M. H., & Schreibman, L.
- Affiliations
- Claremont Graduate University (US)
- Claremont McKenna College (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Laski, Karen E.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1988-12
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 391-400
- ISSN
- 0021-8855 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-3703
- PMC
- PMC1286139
- OpenAlex
- W2148053204
- Cited by
- 316
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 6.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Scholarship - Claremont (Claremont Colleges) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (28210, 39434, 41706)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, parent training, speech development, nonverbal children, echolalia, parent-child interaction, home-based intervention, play-based intervention
- MeSH terms
- Autistic Disorder, Behavior Therapy, Child, Child, Preschool, Echolalia, Female, Generalization, Psychological, Humans, Male, Parents, Play and Playthings, Speech Therapy
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