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The Dose–Response of Time Served in Prison on Mortality: New York State, 1989–2003
Open accessAbstract
Objectives. I investigated the differential impact of the dose–response of length of stay on postprison mortality among parolees. Methods. Using 1989–2003 New York State parole administrative data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics on state correctional facilities, I employed multinomial logistic regression analyses and formal demographic techniques that used the life table of the populations to deduce changes in life expectancy. Results. Each additional year in prison produced a 15.6% increase in the odds of death for parolees, which translated to a 2-year decline in life expectancy for each year served in prison. The risk was highest upon release from prison and declined over time. The time to recovery, or the lowest risk level, was approximately two thirds of the time served in prison. Conclusions. Incarceration reduces life span. Future research should investigate the pathways to this higher mortality and the possibilities of recovery.
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“By studying data from a cohort of New York parolees, most of whom had served less than two years incarcerated, Patterson (2013) found that each year of incarceration reduced life expectancy by two years.”
From Innocence Mortality Tax: The Impact of Wrongful Conviction on Lifespan (2023) · cites this paper as Patterson (2013)
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“Patterson (2013) used data from New York state to study the impact of incarceration length on postprison mortality.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Patterson, E. J.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Patterson, Evelyn J.
- ORCID
- Patterson, Evelyn J.
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 2013-03
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 523-528
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- PMC
- PMC3673515
- OpenAlex
- W2102922912
- Cited by
- 228
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 28.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
- Social Sciences › Law › Criminal Justice and Penology
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- prison deaths, prison sentence length, parolees, post-release mortality, life expectancy, dose-response relationship, recidivism, prisons
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Life Expectancy, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, New York, Prisoners, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Logistic Models, Survival Analysis, Young Adult
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