Who Cares? Toward an Integrated Theory of Volunteer Work
Abstract
The authors construct an integrated theory of formal and informal volunteer work based on the premises that volunteer work is (1) productive work that requires human capital, (2) collective behavior that requires social capital, and (3) ethically guided work that requires cultural capital. Using education, income and functional health to measure human capital, number of children in the household and informal social interaction to measure social capital, and religiosity to measure cultural capital, they estimate a model in which formal volunteering and informal helping are reciprocally related but connected in different ways to different forms of capital. Using two-wave data from the Americans' Changing Lives panel study, they find that formal volunteering is positively related to human capital, number of children in the household, informal social interaction and religiosity. Informal helping, such as helping a neighbor, is primarily determined by gender, age and health. Estimation of reciprocal effects reveals that formal volunteering has a positive effect on helping, but helping does not affect formal volunteering
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
No other studies have identified income as a predictor of relationship duration.
“Although the positive impact of income on initial levels of voluntary participation has been confirmed in many previous studies (Wilson & Musick, 1997), no other studies have identified this variable as a predictor of relationship duration.”
From The Test of Time: Predictors and Effects of Duration in Youth Mentoring Relationships (2002) · cites this paper as Wilson & Musick, 1997
Higher stress may increase the likelihood of early termination in the relationship.
“Being female and/or of minority status tends to be associated with higher levels of stress (Reid, 1988), which may increase the likelihood of early termination in the relationship (Wilson & Musick, 1997).”
From The Test of Time: Predictors and Effects of Duration in Youth Mentoring Relationships (2002) · cites this paper as Wilson & Musick, 1997
Cites
Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital
Coleman, J. S. (2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-7222-1.50005-2 · Cited by 21,727 · see citing works
Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital
Putnam, R. D. (1995) · Journal of Democracy · doi:10.1353/jod.1995.0002 · Cited by 14,037 · see citing works
Bourdıeu, P. (2002) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470755679.ch15 · Cited by 13,987 · see citing works
(1951) · Cited by 8,693 · see citing works
Embeddedness and Immigration: Notes on the Social Determinants of Economic Action
Portes, A., & Sensenbrenner, J. (1993) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/230191 · Cited by 3,493 · see citing works
Cultural Capital: Allusions, Gaps and Glissandos in Recent Theoretical Developments
Lamont, M., & Lareau, A. P. (1988) · Sociological Theory · doi:10.2307/202113 · Cited by 1,790 · see citing works
Causal Analysis With Panel Data
Finkel, S. E. (2020) · SAGE Research Methods Foundations · doi:10.4135/9781526421036825836 · Cited by 1,086 · see citing works
Incentive Systems: A Theory of Organizations
Clark, P. B., & Wilson, J. Q. (1961) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2390752 · Cited by 969 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Critical Mass in Collective Action.
Macy, M. W., Marwell, G., & Oliver, P. E. (1994) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2074274 · Cited by 818 · see citing works
Reining, P. C., & Stack, C. Β. (1976) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2064104 · Cited by 781 · see citing works
Religious Practice: A Human Capital Approach
Iannaccone, L. R. (1990) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.2307/1386460 · Cited by 756 · see citing works
Stark, R., Bainbridge, W. S., & Hadden, J. K. (1987) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 651 · see citing works
The Biographical Consequences of Activism
McAdam, D. (1989) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2117751 · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Social Networks and Organizational Dynamics
McPherson, J. M., Popielarz, P. A., & Drobnič, S. (1992) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2096202 · Cited by 582 · see citing works
The Structure of Intergenerational Exchanges in American Families
Hogan, D. P., Eggebeen, D. J., & Clogg, C. C. (1993) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/230194 · Cited by 544 · see citing works
Giving and volunteering in the United States
Hodgkinson, V. A., & Weitzman, M. S. (1990) · Cited by 449 · see citing works
The Contribution of Religion to Volunteer Work
Wilson, J. F., & Janoski, T. (1995) · Sociology of Religion · doi:10.2307/3711760 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Self-citationVolunteers: The Organizational Behavior of Unpaid Workers
Pearce, J. L. (1993) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Jacobs, L. (1992) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511557347 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
A functional analysis of altruism and prosocial behavior: The case of volunteerism.
Clary, E. G., & Snyder, M. (1991) · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Volunteerism in Adolescence: A Process Perspective
Johnson, M. K., Beebe, T. J., Mortimer, J. T., & Snyder, M. (1998) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1207/s15327795jra0803_2 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Age Differences in Productive Activities
Herzog, A. R., Kahn, R. L., Morgan, J. N., Jackson, J. S., & Antonucci, T. C. (1989) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/44.4.s129 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Wuthnow, R. J. (1991) · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Personality and Social Network Involvement as Predictors of Helping Behavior in Everyday Life
Amato, P. R. (1990) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2786867 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Religious People, Religious Congregations, and Volunteerism in Human Services: Is there a Link?
Cnaan, R. A., Kasternakis, A., & Wineburg, R. J. (1993) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/089976409302200104 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Invisible careers: women civic leaders from the volunteer world
(1988) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-2411 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Doing Their Share: Comparing Patterns of Help Given by Older and Younger Adults
Gallagher, S. K. (1994) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/352868 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
(1995) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-3270 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Helping as a Component of Parent-Adult Child Relations
Spitze, G. D., & LOGAN, J. R. (1992) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/0164027592143001 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Volunteers in the U.S.: who donates the time?
Hayghe, H. V. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Intergenerational transfers: Economic, demographic, and social perspectives.
Soldo, B. J., & Hill, M. S. (1993) · Cited by 84 · see citing works
How Different Is the "Different Voice"?
Greeno, C. G., & Maccoby, E. E. (1986) · Signs · doi:10.1086/494223 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Motivational Differences Between Black and White Volunteers
Latting, J. K. (1990) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/089976409001900204 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Religion in Contemporary Society
Nielsen, D. A., Chalfant, H. P., Beckley, R., & Palmer, C. E. (1988) · Teaching Sociology · doi:10.2307/1317547 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Sociability and Patterns of Participation: Implications for Social Service Policy
Auslander, G. K., & Litwin, H. (1988) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/089976408801700203 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
The Multidimensionality of Joining
Williams, J. A., & Ortega, S. T. (1986) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/089976408601500405 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Prosocial Behavior: Multilevel Perspectives
Penner., L. A., Dovidio., J. F., Piliavin., J. A., & Schroeder., D. A. (2005) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070141 · Cited by 1,569 · see citing works
Wilson, J. (2000) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.215 · Cited by 1,826 · see citing works
Self-citationThoits, P. A., & Hewitt, L. N. (2001) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/3090173 · Cited by 1,110 · see citing works
Is Social Capital Declining in the United States? A Multiple Indicator Assessment
Paxton, P. M. (1999) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/210268 · Cited by 1,611 · see citing works
Weinstein, N., & Ryan, R. M. (2010) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016984 · Cited by 1,484 · see citing works
Volunteering and depression: the role of psychological and social resources in different age groups
Musick, M. A., & Wilson, J. (2002) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00025-4 · Cited by 970 · see citing works
Self-citationPanel Models in Sociological Research: Theory into Practice
Halaby, C. N. (2004) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.30.012703.110629 · Cited by 946 · see citing works
The Social Connectedness of Older Adults: A National Profile
Cornwell, B., Laumann, E. O., & Schumm, L. P. (2008) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/000312240807300201 · Cited by 941 · see citing works
Beyond beliefs: Religions bind individuals into moral communities
Graham, J., & Haidt, J. (2010) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868309353415 · Cited by 842 · see citing works
The Test of Time: Predictors and Effects of Duration in Youth Mentoring Relationships
Grossman, J. B., & Rhodes, J. E. (2002) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1023/a:1014680827552 · Cited by 678 · see citing works
Is Voting Contagious? Evidence from Two Field Experiments
Nickerson, D. W. (2008) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055408080039 · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Is It Time to Disinvest in Social Capital?
Foley, M. W., & Edwards, B. (1999) · Journal of Public Policy · doi:10.1017/s0143814x99000215 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
Volunteering and Mortality Among Older Adults: Findings From a National Sample
Musick, M. A., Herzog, A. R., & House, J. S. (1999) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences · doi:10.1093/geronb/54b.3.s173 · Cited by 585 · see citing works
Self-citationHouston, D. J. (2005) · Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory · doi:10.1093/jopart/mui028 · Cited by 567 · see citing works
Whittaker, J., McLennan, B. J., & Handmer, J. W. (2015) · International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction · doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010 · Cited by 552 · see citing works
The Effects of Volunteering on the Physical and Mental Health of Older People
Lum, T. Y. S., & Lightfoot, E. (2004) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/0164027504271349 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
Volunteerism: Social Issues Perspectives and Social Policy Implications
Snyder, M., & Omoto, A. M. (2008) · Social Issues and Policy Review · doi:10.1111/j.1751-2409.2008.00009.x · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Navigating Theories of Volunteering: A Hybrid Map for a Complex Phenomenon
Hustinx, L., Cnaan, R. A., & Handy, F. (2010) · Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5914.2010.00439.x · Cited by 460 · see citing works
National Context, Religiosity, and Volunteering: Results from 53 Countries
Ruiter, S., & De Graaf, N. D. (2006) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/000312240607100202 · Cited by 451 · see citing works
Millette, V., & Gagné, M. (2008) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-007-9079-4 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Volunteering in Later Life: Research Frontiers
Morrow-Howell, N. L. (2010) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbq024 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Nations of Joiners: Explaining Voluntary Association Membership in Democratic Societies
Curtis, J. E., Baer, D., & Grabb, E. G. (2001) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/3088873 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Gender Differences in the Correlates of Volunteering and Charitable Giving
Einolf, C. J. (2010) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0899764010385949 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
High School Community Service as a Predictor of Adult Voting and Volunteering
Hart, D. A., Donnelly, T. M., Youniss, J., & Atkins, R. (2007) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/0002831206298173 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Volunteerism and Mortality among the Community-dwelling Elderly
Oman, D., Thoresen, C. E., & Mcmahon, K. (1999) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/135910539900400301 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Spirituality, religiosity, aging and health in global perspective: A review
Zimmer, Z., Jagger, C., Chiu, C., Ofstedal, M. B., Rojo, F., & Saito, Y. (2016) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.04.009 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Rewards of kindness? A meta-analysis of the link between prosociality and well-being.
Hui, B. P. H., Ng, J. C. K., Berzaghi, E., Cunningham-Amos, L. A., & Kogan, A. (2020) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000298 · Cited by 398 · see citing works
Bittman, M., & Folbre, N. (2004) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203411650 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Volunteering and Depression in Later Life: Social Benefit or Selection Processes?
Li, Y., & Ferraro, K. F. (2005) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/002214650504600106 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
A meta-analysis of the effect of education on social capital
Huang, J., van den Brink, H. M., & Groot, W. N. J. (2008) · Economics of Education Review · doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2008.03.004 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Role-Identity Salience, Purpose and Meaning in Life, and Well-Being among Volunteers
Thoits, P. A. (2012) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0190272512459662 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Religion, networks, and neighborliness: The impact of religious social networks on civic engagement
Lewis, V. A., MacGregor, C. A., & Putnam, R. D. (2012) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2012.09.011 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
The Effects of Race, Gender, and Marital Status on Giving and Volunteering in Indiana
Mesch, D. J., Rooney, P. M., Steinberg, K. S., & Denton, B. (2006) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0899764006288288 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Giving Time, Money, and Blood: Similarities and Differences
Lee, L., Piliavin, J. A., & Call, V. R. A. (1999) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2695864 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Park, J. Z., & Smith, C. S. (2000) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/0021-8294.00023 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Wilson, J., & Musick, M. A. (2003) · Sociological Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.2003.tb00540.x · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Self-citationSherkat, D. E., & Ellison, C. G. (2007) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2007.00341.x · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Who Benefits From Volunteering? Variations in Perceived Benefits
Morrow-Howell, N. L., Hong, S.-I., & Tang, F. (2009) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnp007 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Handbook of the Sociology of Religion
(2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511807961 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Attendance at Religious Services and Mortality in a National Sample
Musick, M. A., House, J. S., & Williams, D. R. (2004) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/002214650404500206 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Self-citationVolunteerism during the Transition to Adulthood: A Life Course Perspective
Oesterle, S., Johnson, M. K., & Mortimer, J. T. (2004) · Social Forces · doi:10.1353/sof.2004.0049 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Participation in Philanthropic Activities: Donating Money and Time
Bryant, W. K., Jeon‐Slaughter, H., Kang, H., & Tax, A. (2003) · Journal of Consumer Policy · doi:10.1023/a:1022626529603 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Measuring social capital: Orthodoxies and continuing controversies
van Deth, J. W. (2003) · International Journal of Social Research Methodology · doi:10.1080/13645570305057 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Traditional and Health-Related Philanthropy: The Role of Resources and Personality
Bekkers, R. (2006) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1177/019027250606900404 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Beyerlein, K., & Hipp, J. R. (2006) · Social Problems · doi:10.1525/sp.2006.53.1.97 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Volunteering in Middle and Later Life: Is Health a Benefit, Barrier or Both?
Li, Y., & Ferraro, K. F. (2006) · Social Forces · doi:10.1353/sof.2006.0132 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Religion, community service, and identity in American youth
Youniss, J., McLellan, J. A., & Yates, M. (1999) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1006/jado.1999.0214 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
From Paid Worker to Volunteer: Leaving the Paid Workforce and Volunteering in Later Life
Mutchler, J. E., Burr, J. A., & Caro, F. G. (2003) · Social Forces · doi:10.1353/sof.2003.0067 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
As the Flocks Gather: How Religion Affects Voluntary Association Participation
Lam, P. (2002) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/1468-5906.00127 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Influential Cases in Multilevel Modeling: A Methodological Comment
van der Meer, T., Grotenhuis, M. T., & Pelzer, B. J. (2010) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/0003122409359166 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Handbook of the Sociology of Religion: Religious Identities and Religious Institutions
Ammerman, N. T. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511807961.016 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Religiosity and prosocial behaviours in adolescence: the mediating role of prosocial values
Hardy, S. A., & Carlo, G. (2005) · Journal of Moral Education · doi:10.1080/03057240500127210 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Empathy as added value in predicting donation behavior
Verhaert, G. A., & den Poel, D. V. (2011) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.12.024 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Volunteering by older adults and risk of mortality: A meta-analysis.
Okun, M. A., Yeung, E. W., & Brown, S. (2013) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0031519 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Reconsidering the Division of Household Labor: Incorporating Volunteer Work and Informal Support
Hook, J. L. (2004) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/1467-6478.00050-i1 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Needham, B. L., Crosnoe, R. L., & Muller, C. L. (2004) · Social Problems · doi:10.1525/sp.2004.51.4.569 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Handbook of the Sociology of Religion: Religion and the New Immigrants
Ebaugh, H. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511807961.017 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
More Similarities or More Differences? Comparing Public and Nonprofit Managers’ Job Motivations
Lee, Y., & Wilkins, V. M. (2011) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2010.02305.x · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Rodell, J. B., Breitsohl, H., Schröder, M., & Keating, D. J. (2015) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206315614374 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Participation in formal and informal volunteering: Implications for volunteer recruitment
Lee, Y., & Brudney, J. L. (2012) · Nonprofit Management and Leadership · doi:10.1002/nml.21060 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Volunteer Work and Hedonic, Eudemonic, and Social Well‐Being
Son, J., & Wilson, J. (2012) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1111/j.1573-7861.2012.01340.x · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Self-citationGender and the Nonprofit Sector
Themudo, N. S. (2009) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0899764009333957 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
An, J. S., & Cooney, T. M. (2006) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/0165025406071489 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Barbrook, R. (1998) · First Monday · doi:10.5210/fm.v3i12.631 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Hank, K., & Stuck, S. (2008) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2008.03.001 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Incentive Mechanisms for Participatory Sensing
Restuccia, F., Das, S. K., & Payton, J. (2016) · ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks · doi:10.1145/2888398 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
On the relational motive for volunteer work
Prouteau, L., & Wolff, F. (2007) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.joep.2007.08.001 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Liu, A. Q., & Besser, T. L. (2003) · Rural Sociology · doi:10.1111/j.1549-0831.2003.tb00141.x · Cited by 172 · see citing works
The Psychology of Citizenship and Civic Engagement
Pancer, S. M. (2014) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199752126.001.0001 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Resources That Make You Generous: Effects of Social and Human Resources on Charitable Giving
Wiepking, P., & Maas, I. (2009) · Social Forces · doi:10.1353/sof.0.0191 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Benefits of participation in corporate volunteer programs: employees' perceptions
Peterson, D. K. (2004) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/00483480410561510 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Booth, J. E., Park, K. W., & Glomb, T. M. (2009) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.20277 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Trends in Women’s and Men’s Time Use, 1965–2012: Back to the Future?
Sayer, L. C. (2015) · National symposium on family issues · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21635-5_2 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Formal volunteering: a cross-national test
Parboteeah, K. P., Cullen, J. B., & Lim, L. (2004) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2004.08.007 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Volunteerism, Health, and Civic Engagement among Older Adults
Gottlieb, B. H., & Gillespie, A. A. (2008) · Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement · doi:10.3138/cja.27.4.399 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
The protective effects of community involvement for HIV risk behavior: a conceptual framework
Ramírez-Valles, J. (2002) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/17.4.389 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Wilson, J., & Musick, M. A. (1999) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1023/a:1021466712273 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Self-citationAbraham, K. G., Helms, S. E., & Presser, S. (2009) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/595945 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Rotolo, T. (2000) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/78.3.1133 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Formal and Informal Volunteer Activity and Spousal Caregiving Among Older Adults
Choi, N. G., Burr, J. A., Mutchler, J. E., & Caro, F. G. (2007) · Research on Aging · doi:10.1177/0164027506296759 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Religion and Civic Engagement in Canada and the United States
Uslaner, E. M. (2002) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.1111/1468-5906.00114 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Economic analysis of volunteers’ motivations—A cross-country study
Ziemek, S. (2006) · The Journal of Socio-Economics · doi:10.1016/j.socec.2005.11.064 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Forbes, K. F., & Zampelli, E. M. (2012) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0899764012458542 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Niebuur, J., van Lente, L., Liefbroer, A. C., Steverink, N., & Smidt, N. (2018) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6077-2 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Kemmelmeier, M., Jambor, E. E., & Letner, J. A. (2006) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022106286927 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Psychological and social-structural influences on commitment to volunteering
Matsuba, M. K., Hart, D. A., & Atkins, R. (2007) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2006.11.001 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Recruitment Strategies for Encouraging Participation in Corporate Volunteer Programs
Peterson, D. K. (2004) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1023/b:busi.0000020872.10513.f2 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Jones, K. S. (2006) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0899764006287464 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
What Resources Are Needed for Volunteerism? A Life Course Perspective
Tang, F. (2006) · Journal of Applied Gerontology · doi:10.1177/0733464806292858 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Mcnamara, T., & Gonzales, E. (2011) · The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbr055 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Sense of Community and Being a Volunteer Among the Young-Old
Okun, M. A., & Michel, J. (2006) · Journal of Applied Gerontology · doi:10.1177/0733464806286710 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Paik, A., & Navarre-Jackson, L. (2010) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0899764009354647 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Stigma Sentiments and Self-Meanings: Exploring the Modified Labeling Theory of Mental Illness
Kroska, A., & Harkness, S. K. (2006) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1177/019027250606900403 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Social Exchange Theory under Scrutiny: A Positive Critique of its Economic-Behaviorist Formulations
Zafirovski, M. Z. (2014) · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Who volunteers? Constructing a hybrid theory
Einolf, C. J., & Chambré, S. M. (2011) · International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing · doi:10.1002/nvsm.429 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Briggs, E., Peterson, M., & Gregory, G. D. (2009) · Journal of Macromarketing · doi:10.1177/0276146709352220 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Burr, J. A., Mutchler, J. E., & Caro, F. G. (2007) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/62.4.s267 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Caregiving and Volunteering: Are Private and Public Helping Behaviors Linked?
Burr, J. A., Choi, N. G., Mutchler, J. E., & Caro, F. G. (2005) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/60.5.s247 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Ramírez-Valles, J., Kuhns, L. M., Campbell, R. T., & Díaz, R. M. (2010) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/0022146509361176 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Volunteering and Trajectories of Depression
Kim, J., & Pai, M. (2009) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/0898264309351310 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wilson, J., & Musick, M.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Venue
- American Sociological Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1997-10
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 694
- ISSN
- 0003-1224 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2108660896
- Cited by
- 1,409
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 73 · 2018: 79 · 2017: 64 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 78 · 2013: 65 · 2012: 57
- FWCI
- 39.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Sociological Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Capital and Networks
- Social Sciences › Demography › Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development
- Keywords
- volunteering, formal volunteering, informal helping, human capital, social capital, cultural capital, religiosity, informal social interaction, reciprocal effects, gender differences
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
