Engineered commensal bacteria reprogram intestinal cells into glucose-responsive insulin-secreting cells for the treatment of diabetes
Open accessAbstract
The inactive full-length form of GLP-1(1-37) stimulates conversion of both rat and human intestinal epithelial cells into insulin-secreting cells. We investigated whether oral administration of human commensal bacteria engineered to secrete GLP-1(1-37) could ameliorate hyperglycemia in a rat model of diabetes by reprogramming intestinal cells into glucose-responsive insulin-secreting cells. Diabetic rats were fed daily with human lactobacilli engineered to secrete GLP-1(1-37). Diabetic rats fed GLP-1-secreting bacteria showed significant increases in insulin levels and, additionally, were significantly more glucose tolerant than those fed the parent bacterial strain. These rats developed insulin-producing cells within the upper intestine in numbers sufficient to replace ∼25-33% of the insulin capacity of nondiabetic healthy rats. Intestinal tissues in rats with reprogrammed cells expressed MafA, PDX-1, and FoxA2. HNF-6 expression was observed only in crypt epithelia expressing insulin and not in epithelia located higher on the villous axis. Staining for other cell markers in rats treated with GLP-1(1-37)-secreting bacteria suggested that normal function was not inhibited by the close physical proximity of reprogrammed cells. These results provide evidence of the potential for a safe and effective nonabsorbed oral treatment for diabetes and support the concept of engineered commensal bacterial signaling to mediate enteric cell function in vivo.
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Microbial manipulations and supplementation of microbial metabolites are being considered as emerging preventive and therapeutic medicines for numerous disorders including those with gut barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis.
“Microbial manipulations and supplementation of microbial metabolites are being considered as emerging preventive and therapeutic medicines for numerous disorders185, 186, 187 including those with gut barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis.”
From Regulation of Intestinal Barrier Function by Microbial Metabolites (2021) · cites this paper as [186]
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- Authors
- Duan, F. F., Liu, J. H., & March, J. C.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- March, John C.
- ORCID
- March, John C.
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2015-01-27
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1794-1803
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- PMC
- PMC4407861
- OpenAlex
- W2110588630
- Cited by
- 263
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 19.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- NIH Office of the Director (1DP20D007155-01)
- The Hartwell Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Keywords
- insulin-secreting cells, diabetes treatment, oral administration, lactobacilli, hyperglycemia, glucose tolerance, MafA, PDX1, FOXA2, HNF6, crypt epithelium
- MeSH terms
- Insulin Secretion, Animals, Cell Line, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Epithelial Cells, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Genetic Engineering, Glucose, Humans, Insulin, Intestinal Mucosa, Lactobacillus, Rats, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Cellular Reprogramming
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