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Cited by 268Traumatic Brain Injury ResearchPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchTraumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances

Post-traumatic stress disorder vs traumatic brain injury

Open access
Bryant, Richard·2011·Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
DOI 10.31887/dcns.2011.13.2/rbryantPMC PMC3182010
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Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) often coexist because brain injuries are often sustained in traumatic experiences. This review outlines the significant overlap between PTSD and TBI by commencing with a critical outline of the overlapping symptoms and problems of differential diagnosis. The impact of TBI on PTSD is then described, with increasing evidence suggesting that mild TBI can increase risk for PTSD. Several explanations are offered for this enhanced risk. Recent evidence suggests that impairment secondary to mild TBI is largely attributable to stress reactions after TBI, which challenges the long-held belief that postconcussive symptoms are a function of neurological insult This recent evidence is pointing to new directions for treatment of postconcussive symptoms that acknowledge that treating stress factors following TBI may be the optimal means to manage the effects of many TBIs.

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  • TBI increases the risk of PTSD.

    “As TBI increases the risk of PTSD109 and Alzheimer’s disease110, these data may help us understand the factors that make higher brain circuits so vulnerable to insult.”

    From Stress weakens prefrontal networks: molecular insults to higher cognition (2015) · cites this paper as [109]

    In “The impact of TBI on PTSD,” the review says mild TBI appears to increase PTSD risk. The citing sentence says TBI without that qualifier; the same section notes that PTSD after more severe TBI is less common. Page numbers are not provided in our copy's passages. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Research works printed but not linked: 11

  1. [12]Bryant RA. Friedman MJ. Spiegel D. Ursano R. Strain J. A review of acute stress disorder in DSM-V. Depress Anxiety. In press 21910186
  2. [19]Friedman MJ. Resick PA. Bryant RA. Brewin CR. Considering PTSD for DSM-V. Depress Anxiety. In press 21910184
  3. [46]No authors listed. Rehabilitation of persons with traumatic brain injury. JAMA. 1991 282 974 983 10485684
  4. [56]Castro CA. Gaylord KM. Incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury in burned service members: preliminary report - discussion. J Trauma-lnj Infect Crit Care. 2008 64 S205 S206 18376167
  5. [61]Bryant RA. Posttraumatic stress disorder, flashbacks, and pseudomemories in closed head injury. J Trauma Stress. 1996 9 621 629 8827662
  6. [99]Iverson GL. Lange RT. Examination of “postconcussion-like” symptoms in a health sample. Appl Neuropsychol. 2003 10 137 144 12890639
  7. [100]Levin HS. Gary HE. High WM. et al. Minor head injury and the postconcussive sydrome: methodological issues in outcome studies. In: Levin HS, Grafman J, Eisenberg HM, eds. Neurobehavioral Recovery from Head Injury. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 1987 262 275
  8. [102]Rutherford WH. Postconcussive symptoms: Relationship to acute neurological indices, individual differences, and circumstances of injury. In: Levin HS, Grafman, J, Eisenberg, HM, eds. Neurobehavioral Recovery from Head Injury. New York, NY: Oxford University Press 1989 217 228
  9. [104]Meares S. Shores EA. Taylor AJ. et al. The prospective course of postconcussion syndrome: the role of mild TBI. Neuropsychology. 2011 25 454 465 21574719
  10. [105]Clark DM. Wells A. Cognitive therapy for anxiety disorders. In: Dickstein LJ, Riba M, Oldham JM, eds. American Psychiatric Press Review of Psychiatry. Vol 16. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press 1996
  11. [111]Bryant RA. Harvey AG. Attentional bias in posttraumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 1997 10 635 644 9391946

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Authors
Bryant, R.
Affiliations
UNSW Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author
Bryant, Richard
ORCID
Bryant, Richard
Venue
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2011-09-30
Volume
13
Issue
3
Pages
251-262
ISSN
  • 1294-8322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1958-5969
DOI
10.31887/dcns.2011.13.2/rbryant
PMC
PMC3182010
OpenAlex
W4296930895
Cited by
268
References
106
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 4
FWCI
8.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injury, mild traumatic brain injury, post-concussion symptoms, differential diagnosis
MeSH terms
Brain Injuries, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

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