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Evaluation of a Resilience Intervention to Enhance Coping Strategies and Protective Factors and Decrease Symptomatology
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In this pilot study, the authors examined the effectiveness of a 4-week resilience intervention to enhance resilience, coping strategies, and protective factors, as well as decrease symptomatology during a period of increased academic stress. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: College students were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 30) and wait-list control (n = 27) groups. The experimental group received a psychoeducational intervention in 4 two-hour weekly sessions. Measures of resilience, coping strategies, protective factors, and symptomatology were administered pre- and postintervention to both groups. RESULTS: Analyses indicated that the experimental group had significantly higher resilience scores, more effective coping strategies (i.e., higher problem solving, lower avoidant), higher scores on protective factors (i.e., positive affect, self-esteem, self-leadership), and lower scores on symptomatology (i.e., depressive symptoms, negative affect, perceived stress) postintervention than did the wait-list control group. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that this resilience program may be useful as a stress-management and stress-prevention intervention for college students.
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“Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) interventions [8–11], as well as mindfulness and acceptance-based approaches [12, 13], have produced efficacious results in college settings.”
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“The transition to college life is understood as a stressful time (Brougham et al., 2009; Steinhardt and Dolbier, 2008) and while all students could benefit from the psychological supports provided by this study, it is important that nursing programmes begin to develop peer, classroom and online…”
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“Their results verified our findings indicating that the intervention group had significantly higher scores on protective coping skills and lower scores on perceived stress than did the comparison group (Steinhardt & Dolbier 2008).”
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“Coping is modifiable with intervention (Carlson, 1997; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008) and thus can contribute to fostering resilience and recovery among trauma-exposed individuals.”
Seasonality of mood and affect in a large general population sample
Winthorst, W. H., Bos, E. H., Roest, A. M., & de Jonge, P. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239033 · Cited by 37
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“That is, individuals with higher psychological resilience can handle stress and successfully reduce their negative psychological outcomes (e.g., mobile phone addiction) (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
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“Baseline PSS scores in this study were higher than the initial normative sample of general U.S. adults.36 In a study evaluating a psychoeducation group versus wait-list control in college students, pre- and post-workshop mean values on the PSS (per item, as this study used a 4-item scale) were comparable to the values…”
ResultInfluentialAttachment anxiety and resilience: The mediating role of coping
Kural, A. I., & Kovács, M. E. (2021) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103447 · Cited by 35
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Resilience as a coping strategy for reducing departure intentions of accounting students
Smith, K. J., Haight, T. D., Emerson, D. J., Mauldin, S., & Wood, B. G. (2019) · Accounting Education · doi:10.1080/09639284.2019.1700140 · Cited by 50
“…(Aspinwall & Taylor, 1992; Banyard & Cantor, 2004; Byrne, Flood, & Griffin, 2014; Clauss-Ehlers & Wibrowski, 2007; Hartley, 2011; Martin & Marsh, 2006; McIntyre, Heron, McIntyre, Burton, & Engler, 2003; Ong, Phinney, & Dennis, 2006; Shields, 2001; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008; Yeager & Dweck, 2012).”
Association Between Resilience and Psychological Morbidity in Parents of Critically Ill Children*
Rothschild, C. B., Rychlik, K. L., Goodman, D. M., Charleston, E., Brown, M. L., Michelson, K. N., & for the Navigate Study Investigators (2020) · Pediatric Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/pcc.0000000000002237 · Cited by 38
Evaluation of a resilience training program for college student-athletes: A pilot study
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“, anxiety and depression) and negative life outcomes.(49,50,53,54) Moreover, our findings are encouraging as an individual’s intention to engage in a behavior, is the single most important predictor of actual behavior.”
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“Previous studies have found that resilience has direct and indirect effects on mental health, mediated by positive coping style (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008; Li, 2013), and resilience can also affect sleep status through the mediating effect of coping styles (Qiao & Fan, 2020).”
Interventions to enhance resilience and resilience-related constructs in adults
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“Although studies in social work and psychology have begun to assess the effects of resilience interventions (e.g., Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008), such research is sparse (Campbell-Sills, Cohan, & Stein, 2006).”
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“Persistent exposure to combinations of stressors in an unfamiliar environment and without established social networks may make university inductees more vulnerable to psychological and physical health problems compared to other populations [4,5,6].”
BackgroundBehrouian, M., Ramezani, T., Dehghan, M., Sabahi, A., & Zarandi, B. E. (2021) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-021-00542-5 · Cited by 33
“Steinhardt and Dolbier [32] showed that individual resilience could be enhanced by training, which might have a positive effect on significant clinical outcomes.”
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Zale, E. L., Heinhuis, T. J., Tehan, T. M., Salgueiro, D., Rosand, J. M., & Vranceanu, A. (2018) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2018.02.012 · Cited by 34
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“In addition, it is a defense mechanism for thriving in adversity [20] and preventing depression [21].”
BackgroundLuo, S.-L., Hu, J., Zhang, J.-S., Mei, Z.-Y., Tang, Z., & Luo, S. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1536553 · Cited by 42
Learning to Bounce Back: A Scoping Review About Resiliency Education
Low, R. K., King, S., & Foster-Boucher, C. (2019) · Journal of Nursing Education · doi:10.3928/01484834-20190521-02 · Cited by 32
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“Other researchers also support the notion that resilience is a potentially modifiable dynamic process based on the resilience intervention study [32, 33].”
BackgroundCardiovascular Risk: Gender Differences in Lifestyle Behaviors and Coping Strategies
Martin, L. A., Critelli, J. W., Doster, J. A., Powers-James, C. R., Purdum, M., Doster, M. R., & Lambert, P. L. (2011) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-011-9204-3 · Cited by 32
“Coping strategies can be taught and altered, providing a method of intervention [9, 32].”
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Shin, J., Lee, H. J., Park, H., Hong, Y., Song, Y. K., Yoon, D. U., & Oh, S. (2023) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01369-y · Cited by 31
“Resilience interventions help improve stress-coping strategies in college students during increased academic stress [17].”
BackgroundCrawford, G., Burns, S. K., Chih, H., Hunt, K., Tilley, P. J. M., Hallett, J., Coleman, K., & Smith, S. (2015) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-015-0403-3 · Cited by 31
“Whilst a number of interventions have been trialed to address mental health issues in universities [33-40], a greater focus on increasing mental health literacy may be valuable where mental health problems and stigmatising attitudes are common [41,42], and health literacy and help-seeking behaviours may be poor [41,43…”
BackgroundResilience, Psychological Distress, and Academic Burnout among Accounting Students*
Smith, K. J., & Emerson, D. J. (2021) · Accounting Perspectives · doi:10.1111/1911-3838.12254 · Cited by 31
Lentz, L., Smith‐MacDonald, L., Malloy, D. C., Andérson, G. S., Beshai, S., Ricciardelli, R., Brémault‐Phillips, S., & Carleton, R. N. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19126972 · Cited by 37
“CBT-based resilience interventions have been implemented in diverse populations such as in persons with chronic illnesses [42,43], people displaying symptoms of major depressive disorder [44], new mothers [45], immigrants [46], children [47], youth [48], college students [49], and military spouses [50].”
BackgroundThe Role of Resilience and Age on Quality of life in Patients with Pain Disorders.
Yazdi‐Ravandi, S., Taslimi, Z., Saberi, H., Shams, J., Osanlo, S., Nori, G., & Haghparast, A. (2013) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 31
Rosenberg, A. R., Starks, H. E., & Jones, B. L. (2014) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-014-2249-5 · Cited by 32
“These struggles have research and clinical implications for patients with cancer and their families; higher self-perceived resilience may be associated with improved psychosocial- and health outcomes [28, 31, 34, 35].”
Fogarty, A. S., Proudfoot, J. G., Whittle, E. L., Clarke, J., Player, M. J., Christensen, H. M., & Wilhelm, K. A. (2017) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/mental.7769 · Cited by 32
“One previous study [58] reported gains in resilience in a 4-week time frame, which matched the time frame used in this study.”
MethodZale, E. L., Pierre‐Louis, C., Macklin, E. A., Riklin, E. I. K., & Vranceanu, A. (2017) · Journal of Neuro-Oncology · doi:10.1007/s11060-017-2720-5 · Cited by 31
“, the ability to utilize multiple coping strategies effectively) [17, 18]; mindfulness (i.”
BackgroundMutluluğun Yordayıcısı Olarak Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Öğretmen Örnekleminin İncelenmesi
ALTUNTAŞ, S., & GENÇ, H. (2018) · Hacettepe University Journal of Education · doi:10.16986/huje.2018046021 · Cited by 31
Nguyen, T., Pu, C., Waits, A., Tran, T. D., Ngo, T. H., Huynh, Q. T. V., & Huang, S.-L. (2023) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-023-04559-9 · Cited by 30
“The program was developed by the research team based on existing stress management programs for students [11, 35 − 37].”
MethodRizer, C., Fagan, M. H., Kilmon, C., & Rath, L. L. (2016) · American Journal of Health Education · doi:10.1080/19325037.2015.1111176 · Cited by 32
Mejia-Downs, A. (2019) · Journal of Physical Therapy Education · doi:10.1097/jte.0000000000000114 · Cited by 32
“e curriculum incorporated topics and techniques used in previous mental health prevention programs for college students.(8,9,47-51) e face-to-face curriculum, presented by the researcher, involved education about components of resilience, skills building exercises, group and paired discussion, and homework exercises…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialOrsulic‐Jeras, S., Whitlatch, C. J., Powers, S. M., & Johnson, J. D. (2020) · Alzheimer s & Dementia Translational Research & Clinical Interventions · doi:10.1002/trc2.12037 · Cited by 30
Enrique, Á., Mooney, O., Salamanca-Sanabria, A., Lee, C. T., Farrell, S., & Richards, D. (2020) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/20167 · Cited by 29
“Encouragingly, initial research on resilience interventions among college students has demonstrated significant improvements in resilience and reductions in stress and symptoms of depression and anxiety [16-18].”
Zhao, L., Yang, F., Sznajder, K. K., Zou, C., Jia, Y., & Yang, X. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.625002 · Cited by 32
“Previous studies demonstrated that resilience could prevent and treat various psychiatric disorders (34, 62), and stroke patients with more resilience might recover more quickly from sad mood and sleep disturbance, which could enhance stroke patients’ abilities to adapt to the process of rehabilitation training in hos…”
BackgroundTurhan, D., Schnettler, T., Scheunemann, A., Gadosey, C. K., Kegel, L. S., Bäulke, L., Thies, D. O., Thomas, L., Buhlmann, U., Dresel, M., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/j.ijer.2022.102081 · Cited by 37
“The promotion of psychological resilience as a psychological resource, for example, could help students to rapidly bounce back and subjectively recover from stressors (cf. Chmitorz et al., 2018; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
Torres, M. C. G., & Garde, R. A. (2017) · Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology · doi:10.25115/ejrep.34.14032 · Cited by 30
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy for At-risk Korean Male Adolescents
Hyun, M.-S., Nam, K. A., & Kim, M.-A. (2010) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2009.07.005 · Cited by 30
“The Korea National Statistical Office (2007) reported that 73.”
BackgroundStress management intervention to enhance adolescent resilience: a randomized controlled trial
Kallianta, M.-D. K., Katsira, X. E., Τσίτσικα, Ά., Vlachakis, D., Chrousos, G. P., Darviri, C., & Bacopoulou, F. (2021) · EMBnet journal · doi:10.14806/ej.26.1.967 · Cited by 29
“…et al., 1982), internal locus of control (Luthar, 1991; Sandler et al., 2000; Grobet et al., 1995; Wyman, 2003), social skills and social support, adolescent coping skills (WHO, 2004; Jensenet et al., 2006; Everly and Lating, 2002; Steinhardt and Dolbier, 2008) and moderate use of social media.”
BackgroundInfluentialManaging chronic conditions in college: Findings from prompted health incidents diaries
Ravert, R. D., Russell, L. T., & O'Guin, M. B. (2016) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2016.1266640 · Cited by 29
“Doing so might best be advanced by finding methods to identify students’ general and situational threats to selfmanagement while also finding ways to enhance strengths and resources.(9,10) Guided by a risk-and-resilience framework,(11) the current study piloted one method of identifying challenges college students vie…”
BackgroundGarrido-Hernansaiz, H., & Alonso-Tapia, J. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12621 · Cited by 29
Pauly, C., Ribeiro, F. S., Schröder, V. E., Pauly, L., Krüger, R., & Leist, A. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.745636 · Cited by 29
“Earlier research has shown the possibility to improve resilience through interventions (30).”
BackgroundРЕЗИЛІЄНТНІСТЬ ОСОБИСТОСТІ: СУТНІСТЬ ФЕНОМЕНУ, ПСИХОДІАГНОСТИКА ТА ЗАСОБИ РОЗВИТКУ
Грішин, Е. (2021) · Вісник ХНПУ імені Г С Сковороди Психология · doi:10.34142/23129387.2021.64.04 · Cited by 82
Resiliencia en adultos: una revisión teórica
de Araújo, L. F., & Bermúdez, M. P. (2015) · Terapia psicológica · doi:10.4067/s0718-48082015000300009 · Cited by 42
Resilience as a moderator between syndemics and depression in mothers living with HIV
Thurston, I. B., Howell, K. H., Kamody, R. C., Maclin-Akinyemi, C., & Mandell, J. E. (2018) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2018.1446071 · Cited by 29
“For example, the work of Steinhardt and Dolbier (2008) suggests that using cognitive–behavioral therapeutic techniques, strengthening social support, and offering psychoeducation are key strategies to enhance resilience (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundInfluence of resilience on health-related quality of life in adolescents
Saiz, M. J. S., Chacón, R. M. F., Garrido-Abejar, M., Parra, M. D. S., Larrañaga-Rubio, E., & Yubero-Jiménez, S. (2018) · Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.enfcle.2018.06.004 · Cited by 28
Emotion management and solidarity in the workplace: A call for a new research agenda
McKenzie, J., Olson, R. E., Patulny, R., Bellocchi, A., & Mills, K. A. (2019) · The Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/0038026118822982 · Cited by 31
“…emotion regulation are often reduced to the same phenomenon (as will be illustrated below with the example of teaching), whereas emotional intelligence refers to the ability to be resilient against negative emotional experiences, such as stress, anger and frustration (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundOorthuys, A. O. J., Ross, M., Kreukels, B. P. C., Mullender, M. G., & van de Grift, T. C. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11010089 · Cited by 31
“Similarly, multiple studies on LGBTQ and non-LGB cisgender individuals found that cognitive behavioral therapy, in general, has a positive effect on psychosocial symptoms, promoted adaptive coping strategies as problem solving and resilience, as well as reduced overall use of maladaptive strategies [62].”
BackgroundEnhancing Stress Coping Skills among College Students
Kadhiravan, S., & Kumar, K. V. N. (2012) · Researchers World – Journal of Arts Science & Commerce · Cited by 28
Jankowski, P. J., & Sandage, S. J. (2011) · Mental Health Religion & Culture · doi:10.1080/13674676.2011.579592 · Cited by 32
“Convergent validity was more recently demonstrated as higher scores on the SC corresponded to higher scores on measures of perceived stress (Dolbier, Smith, & Steinhardt, 2007 ; Miczo, Miczo, & Johnson, 2006 ; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008 ).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAndo, M. (2011) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.12.003 · Cited by 30
“It has been shown in western cultural countries that intervention programs which have been implemented and combine relaxation techniques, cognitive behavioral therapy, social support, and psychoeducation do prevent psychosocial distress and show positive outcomes (e.g., Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundResearch on Integrative Healthcare: Context and Priorities
Deng, G., Weber, W. J., Sood, A., & Kemper, K. J. (2010) · EXPLORE · doi:10.1016/j.explore.2010.03.007 · Cited by 27
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Song, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, Q., Yin, J., Gan, W., Shang, S., Qi, L., Chen, S., & Liu, T. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1093446 · Cited by 29
“Meanwhile, they can understand the cruciality of positive coping style more clearly, and their self-confidence and problem-solving ability are relatively strong (Steinhardt and Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundSecure attachment style, coping with stress and resilience among university students
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Resilience and coping strategies in adolescents – additional content
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“Individuals with high levels of resilience adapt their coping strategies and often convert stressful factors into learning opportunities, even by ultimately enhancing performance in work tasks (Steinhardt and Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundInfluentialEmotional Intelligence and Post-Secondary Education: What Have We Learned and What Have We Missed?
Parker, J. D. A., Taylor, R. N., Keefer, K. V., & Summerfeldt, L. J. (2018) · Plenum series on human exceptionality · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90633-1_16 · Cited by 26
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Interventionen zur Resilienzförderung bei Erwachsenen
Linz, S., Helmreich, I., Kunzler, A. M., Chmitorz, A., Lieb, K., & Kubiak, T. (2019) · PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie · doi:10.1055/a-0830-4745 · Cited by 27
“[34, 45, 49, 62]), die jedoch nach Einschätzung von Windle und Kollegen [15] nur eine mäßige Validität, Konsistenz, Reproduktivität sowie Interpretierbarkeit besitzt.”
BackgroundInfluentialExamining the Acceptability of a Resilience Building Intervention Among Adults Aging With HIV
Fazeli, P. L., Hopkins, C., Wells, A., Lambert, C. C., Turan, B., Kempf, M.-C., & Vance, D. E. (2021) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1097/jnc.0000000000000229 · Cited by 26
“The Transforming Lives Through Resilience Education program was initially developed to improve the response to stressful situations in college, military, and corporate settings, showing positive results (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
Olson, R., Fryz, R., Essemiah, J., Crawford, M., King, A. O., & Fateye, B. A. (2021) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2021.1891921 · Cited by 29
“Appropriate coping strategies have been associated with improved students symptoms, their resilience and thus, their learning outcomes.(12) Diverse coping behaviors have been reported in different college student demographics: for example, female athletes were reported to be more likely to take “alcohol to feel better…”
BackgroundChen, Y., Hua, K., Huang, C., Zhou, G., & Wang, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.710635 · Cited by 36
Hiçdurmaz, D., & Öz, F. (2015) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2015.09.006 · Cited by 27
“The experimental group also had higher protective factors including selfesteem, self-leadership and positive affection (Steinhardt and Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundInfluencia de la resiliencia sobre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes
Saiz, M. J. S., Chacón, R. M. F., Garrido, M., Parra, M. D. S., Rubio, E. L., & Yubero-Jiménez, S. (2018) · Enfermería Clínica · doi:10.1016/j.enfcli.2018.06.003 · Cited by 25
Smith, K. J., Emerson, D. J., Haight, T. D., Mauldin, S., & Wood, B. G. (2019) · Journal of Accounting Education · doi:10.1016/j.jaccedu.2019.01.002 · Cited by 20
Bag, S. D., Kilby, C. J., Kent, J. N., Brooker, J., & Sherman, K. A. (2022) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00050067.2022.2089543 · Cited by 24
“This supports prior research that has found resilience training interventions promote positive affect (Abbott et al., 2009; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
ResultEustis, E. H., Williston, S. K., Morgan, L. P., Graham, J. R., Hayes-Skelton, S. A., & Roemer, L. (2017) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.03.011 · Cited by 24
“However, short-term and time-limited cognitivebehavioral preventions and interventions have been shown to reduce symptoms of anxiety, stress, and depression in educational contexts with college student samples (Deckro et al., 2002; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008; Vázquez et al., 2012).”
BackgroundKenntemich, L., von Hülsen, L., Schäfer, I., Böttche, M., & Lotzin, A. (2022) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3196 · Cited by 26
“Pre‐pandemic randomized controlled trials have already indicated that resilience training (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008) or specific coping interventions (Chen et al., 2015) can increase functional coping strategies and improve well‐being.”
BackgroundLife after COVID-19: the road from intensive care back to living – a prospective cohort study
Wiertz, C. M. H., Hemmen, B., Sep, S. J. S., van Santen, S., Horn, Y., van Kuijk, S. M. J., & Verbunt, J. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062332 · Cited by 27
Brym, S., Mack, J. T., Weise, V., Kopp, M., Steudte‐Schmiedgen, S., & Garthus‐Niegel, S. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14582-y · Cited by 27
Immediate effects of group-based wellness drumming on affective states in university students
Mungas, R., & Silverman, M. J. (2014) · The Arts in Psychotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.aip.2014.04.008 · Cited by 24
“Successful techniques used in stress management programs have included relaxation techniques, cognitive-behavioral therapy, social support, and psychoeducation (Deckro et al., 2002; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialUsing Latent Profile Analysis to Identify Noncognitive Skill Profiles Among College Students
Olivera‐Aguilar, M., Rikoon, S. H., & Robbins, S. B. (2016) · The Journal of Higher Education · doi:10.1080/00221546.2016.1244413 · Cited by 24
“…facing obstacles, and lacking self-efficacy profile exhibited commitment to academic goals but may benefit from interventions focused on improving self-efficacy and providing practical strategies for coping with stress and anxiety (Deckro et al., 2002; Ergene, 2003; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundCheung, V. H. M., Chan, C. Y., & Au, R. K. C. (2018) · Asia-Pacific Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/appy.12339 · Cited by 23
Anxiety, Depression, Coping, Alcohol Use and Consequences in Young Adult College Students
McConaha, C. D., McCabe, B. E., & Falcon, A. L. (2023) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2023.2270550 · Cited by 23
“…at decreasing avoidance coping strategies and increasing approach coping in young adult college students, regardless of their depression and anxiety levels (First et al., 2018; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008 Menary et al., 2017), anxiety and depression were not related to alcohol use or consequences.”
BackgroundEnrique, Á., Mooney, O., Salamanca-Sanabria, A., Lee, C. T., Farrell, S., & Richards, D. (2019) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2019.100254 · Cited by 23
Helling, J., & Chandler, G. E. (2019) · Journal of College Student Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/87568225.2019.1660291 · Cited by 23
“Resilience training has been found effective in decreasing depression (Hartley, 2011; Wingo et al., 2010), improving stress responses (Kent & Davis, 2014), enhancing coping skills, reducing negative affect and decreasing perceived stress (Houston et al., 2017; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundPalma-Gómez, A., Herrero, R., Baños, R., García‐Palacios, A., Castañeiras, C. E., Fernández, G. L., Llull, D. M., Cudris–Torres, L., Barranco, L. A., Cárdenas-Gómez, L., et al. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02536-w · Cited by 28
Hou, C.-H., & Chen, P.-L. (2024) · International Journal of Mental Health Promotion · doi:10.32604/ijmhp.2024.051751 · Cited by 22
Resilience and Recovery in the Context of Psychological Disorders
Echezarraga, A., Hayas, C. L., de Arroyabe, E. L., & Jones, S. H. (2019) · Journal of Humanistic Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022167819851623 · Cited by 26
“…Kreutzer, 2013) and recent empirical evidence from pilot clinical trials of the efficacy of resilience-based psychological interventions in reducing symptomatology and improving someone’s quality of life (Loprinzi, Prasad, Schroeder, & Sood, 2011; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008; Tenhula et al., 2014).”
BackgroundYeo, K. J., & Yap, C. K. (2020) · The Social Science Journal · doi:10.1080/03623319.2020.1728501 · Cited by 27
“Over the years, self-esteem has been perceived as a protector against anxiety (Pyszczynski, Solomon, Greenberg, Arndt, & Schimel, 2004; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundResilience and alcohol use in adulthood in the United States: A scoping review
Cusack, S. E., Wright, A. W., & Amstadter, A. B. (2023) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107442 · Cited by 22
Yu, N. X., Chan, C., Zhang, J., & Stewart, S. M. (2015) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2015.1112354 · Cited by 22
“Of particular importance is that resilience can be effectively enhanced at a low cost, not only in individuals in North America (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008), but also in rural Chinese PLHIV infected via plasma donation (Yu et al., 2014).”
BackgroundKırıkkanat, B., & Soyer, M. K. (2017) · European Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.12973/eu-jer.7.1.133 · Cited by 22
“…relation between selfefficacy (Khan, 2013), optimism (Fontaine et al., 2004; Hatchett & Park, 2004; Nes & Segerstrom, 2006), hope (Onwugbuzie & Snyder, 2000), resilience (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008; Gonzales-Torres & Artuch-Garde, 2014) and coping strategies support the idea of Avey et al. (2009).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Steinhardt, M., & Dolbier, C.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- East Carolina University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of American College Health
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 445-453
- ISSN
- 0164-4300 (ISSN-L)
- 0744-8481
- 1940-3208
- OpenAlex
- W1966828258
- Cited by
- 759
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 25.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of American College Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Texas at Austin
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Keywords
- resilience interventions, coping strategies, protective factors, academic stress, university students, psychoeducational intervention, stress management, stress prevention, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, self-esteem, self-leadership, positive affect, avoidance coping
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Depression, Female, Health Education, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Stress, Psychological
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