Cited by 759Resilience and Mental HealthStudent Stress and CopingStress and Burnout Research

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Evaluation of a Resilience Intervention to Enhance Coping Strategies and Protective Factors and Decrease Symptomatology

Steinhardt, Mary, Dolbier, Christyn·2008·Journal of American College Health

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: In this pilot study, the authors examined the effectiveness of a 4-week resilience intervention to enhance resilience, coping strategies, and protective factors, as well as decrease symptomatology during a period of increased academic stress. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: College students were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 30) and wait-list control (n = 27) groups. The experimental group received a psychoeducational intervention in 4 two-hour weekly sessions. Measures of resilience, coping strategies, protective factors, and symptomatology were administered pre- and postintervention to both groups. RESULTS: Analyses indicated that the experimental group had significantly higher resilience scores, more effective coping strategies (i.e., higher problem solving, lower avoidant), higher scores on protective factors (i.e., positive affect, self-esteem, self-leadership), and lower scores on symptomatology (i.e., depressive symptoms, negative affect, perceived stress) postintervention than did the wait-list control group. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that this resilience program may be useful as a stress-management and stress-prevention intervention for college students.

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Background
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BackgroundResult
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Background
Informal Recreation’s Relationship With College Student Stress and Anxiety
EUBANK, J. M., & DeVita, J. M. (2020) · NASPA Journal · doi:10.1080/19496591.2020.1822854 · Cited by 13
“College student visitations to university counseling centers are rapidly increasing each year (Millett-Thompson, 2017; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008), increasing by 173% from 2009 to 2013 (Beiter et al., 2015).”
Background
Two-Step Resilience-Oriented Intervention for Veterans with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.
Assonov, D. O. (2021) · PubMed Central · doi:10.36131/cnfioritieditore20210503 · Cited by 20
“The mean difference between intervention and control groups was 3.46 and 6.79 for the positive and negative affect subscales respectively (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundInfluential
Utility of extracellular vesicles as a potential biological indicator of physiological resilience during military operational stress
Beckner, M. E., Conkright, W. R., Sahu, A., Mi, Q., Clemens, Z. J., Martin, B. J., Flanagan, S. D., Ferrarelli, F., Ambrosio, F., & Nindl, B. C. (2022) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.15219 · Cited by 11
“…mirrors that of other military populations, namely U.S. Navy SEAL candidates (Ledford et al., 2020) and active duty U.S. Air Force service members (Bezdjian et al., 2017), which are above mean scores reported among U.S. college students, ranging from 67.7 to 70.6 (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundInfluential
Associations among resilience, hope, social support, stress, and anxiety severity in Chinese women with abnormal cervical cancer screening results
Wang, X. L., Wang, S., Yang, D., Chu, Y., Hao, Y., & Dai, H. (2022) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12539 · Cited by 18
The role of coping in the association between subclinical psychotic experiences and functioning: A within study replication in two independent adolescent samples
Chisholm, K., Wigman, J. T. W., Hallett, D., Woodall, T., Mahfouda, S., Reniers, R. L. E. P., Killackey, E. J., Yung, A. R., Wood, S. J., & Lin, A. P. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.05.022 · Cited by 13
Expanding the Psychological Wellness Threshold for Black College Women
Jones, L. V., Ahn, S., & Chan, K. T. (2014) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731514549631 · Cited by 16
“In addition, this finding is consistent with previous research indicating that students who participate in supportive college mental health programs reduce their levels of stress (Conley, Travers, & Bryant, 2013; Deckro et al., 2002; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
BackgroundResult
The relationship between morningness-eveningness and resilience in mood disorder patients.
Chung, J., Choi, K.-S., Kang, H.-G., Jung, H.-Y.-O., & Joo, E. (2018) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.09.003 · Cited by 13
The Resilient Athlete: Lessons Learned in the Military
Barcia, A. M., Shaha, J. S., & Tokish, J. M. (2019) · Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review · doi:10.1097/jsa.0000000000000234 · Cited by 13
Keefektifan Peer-Counseling (Konseling Teman Sebaya) Untuk Meningkatkan Resiliensi Remaja di Pondok Pesantren Bahrul Ulum Jombang
Muwakhidah, M. (2021) · Nusantara of Research Jurnal Hasil-hasil Penelitian Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri · doi:10.29407/nor.v8i1.15663 · Cited by 13
Spirituality Among Alzheimer's Caregivers: Psychometric Reevaluation of the Intrinsic Spirituality Scale
Gough, H. R., Wilks, S. E., & Prattini, R. J. (2010) · Journal of Social Service Research · doi:10.1080/01488376.2010.493848 · Cited by 13
“Coping resources can be identified as protective factors in that they enable the individual to cope with and recover from the risk event (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
Background
Increasing Resilience in Adolescent Nursing Students
Stephens, T. M. (2017) · Cited by 13
Turning the Tides: Coping with Trauma and Addiction through Residential Adolescent Group Therapy
Bougard, K. G., Laupola, T. M. T., Parker‐Dias, J., Creekmore, J., & Stangland, S. (2016) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1111/jcap.12164 · Cited by 12
“…the effectiveness of resilience interventions that utilize a strengths-based approach to manage a variety of health disorders, including treatment approaches for adolescents and adults who have experienced ACEs (Chandler et al., 2015; Southwick & Charney, 2012; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
Background
The predictors of Turkish youth’s career planning: trait emotional intelligence, cognitive flexibility, and resilience
Kırıkkanat, B. (2022) · International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance · doi:10.1007/s10775-022-09538-y · Cited by 16
“…(Youssef & Luthans, 2007), career success (Coutu, 2002; London, 1983), coping strategies, self-leadership, optimism, self-esteem, and positive mood (Rottinghaus, 2004; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008), academic achievement (Allan et al., 2014), and academic major satisfaction (McIlveen et al., 2013).”
Background
Maladaptive and Adaptive Perfectionism Impact Psychological Wellbeing Through Mediator Self-Efficacy Versus Resilience
Kruger, K., Jellie, J., Jarkowski, O., Keglevich, S., & On, Z. X. (2023) · International Journal of Psychological Studies · doi:10.5539/ijps.v15n3p46 · Cited by 12
“…of resilience, such as finding purpose and meaning during times of conflict and change, as well as the skills gained relating to control, optimism, curiosity and openness, promote psychological wellbeing through the practice of effective problem-solving (Krumpfer, 1999; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008).”
Background
Factors influencing ‘burn‐out’ in newly qualified counsellors and psychotherapists: A cross‐cultural, critical review of the literature
Davies, S. M., Sriskandarajah, S., Staneva, A., Boulton, H. C. M., Roberts, C., Shaw, S. H., & Silverio, S. A. (2021) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/capr.12485 · Cited by 22
The role of resilience and spirituality in recovery following cardiac surgery
Curcio, N., Turner, E. D., Leonard, K., Bennett, M., Warren, A. M., & Edgerton, J. R. (2022) · Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings · doi:10.1080/08998280.2022.2043985 · Cited by 13
Review: Management of Adjustment Disorder in the Deployed Setting
Schimmels, J. (2012) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-12-00057 · Cited by 12
Effectiveness of Resilience Teaching via Short Message Service on Stress of Mothers of Educable Mentally Retarded Children
Moghimi, M., Esmaeilpour, N., Karimi, Z., Zoladl, M., & Moghimi, M. A. (2018) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.5812/ijpbs.59966 · Cited by 13
Cultivating resiliency in patients with neurofibromatosis 2 who are deafened or have severe hearing loss: a live‑video randomized control trial
Greenberg, J., Carter, S., Lester, E. G., Funes, C. J., Macklin, E. A., Plotkin, S. R., & Vranceanu, A. (2019) · Journal of Neuro-Oncology · doi:10.1007/s11060-019-03326-5 · Cited by 12
Social and personal resources and adaptive and non-adaptive strategies for coping with stress in a group of socially maladjusted youths
Konaszewski, K., Niesiobędzka, M., & Kolemba, M. (2019) · European Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1177/1477370819895977 · Cited by 14
“They allow one to avoid unnecessary stressors and to improve the process of coping with stress (Davydov et al., 2010; Steinhardt and Dolbier, 2008; Tugade et al., 2004).”
Background
Designing Treatment Plans Based on Etiology of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures
LaFrance, W. C., Jr., & Bjønæs, H. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316275450.029 · Cited by 12
The role of resilience and readiness to change on students' learning interest: E-learning implementation during Covid-19
Nurtjahjanti, H., Prasetyo, A. R., & Ardhiani, L. N. (2021) · Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan · doi:10.21831/cp.v40i3.39080 · Cited by 12
Protective factors and levels of resilience among college students
Johnson, E. L. (2011) · Cited by 12
Preventive Effect of a 7-Week App-Based Passive Psychoeducational Stress Management Program on Students
Weiss, E. M., Staggl, S., Holzner, B., Rumpold, G., Dresen, V., & Canazei, M. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14030180 · Cited by 11
“Previous studies with active psychoeducation programs in “face-to-face” settings have shown similar results, demonstrating a significant improvement in adaptive coping styles and a reduction in various maladaptive coping styles [32,55–57].”
Result
Effect of resilience training on stress, hope and psychological toughness of mothers living with mentally and physically disabled children
Sharifian, P., Kuchaki, Z., & Shoghi, M. (2024) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-024-04828-6 · Cited by 31
“Previous studies have reported that resilience increases a person’s ability in difficult situations, but no significant relationship has been detected between resilience and quality of life [14, 15].”
Background
How social support and resilience impact mental health: The moderating role of time in isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Xie, F., Wu, X., Deng, C., Li, X., & Yi, Z. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31783 · Cited by 11
Gender differences on coping, stress, resilience and mindfulness within an academic course intervention with a mindfulness meditation component
Vidić, Ž. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-06395-6 · Cited by 11
“…et al., 2016; Regehr et al., 2013), mindfulness (Breedvelt et al., 2019; Dawson et al., 2020) and resilience interventions (First et al., 2018; Houston et al., 2017; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008) with benefits ranging from stress reduction, improved mind - fulness, resilience and coping strategies.”
Daily stress and coping strategies: Relationships with anxiety and resilience in preadolescents from Ciudad Juarez, Mexico
Reyes, V. P., Capps, J. W., Méndez, Y. L., Leal, G. R., & Soto, J. Q. (2020) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-00682-8 · Cited by 14
The use of religious and personal resources in coping with stress during COVID-19 for Palestinians
Agbaria, Q., & Mokh, A. A. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02669-5 · Cited by 14
“Hence, they allow individuals to avoid unnecessary stressors and to improve their process of coping with stress (Davydov et al., 2010; Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008; Tugade et al., 2004).”
Background
The Perceived Value of Counselor Preparation for Student Affairs Professionals
Protivnak, J. J., Paylo, M. J., & Mercer, C. (2013) · Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision · doi:10.7729/51.1004 · Cited by 11
“College students uncertain of how to manage academic, emotional, and social pressures may exhibit anxiety and depression (Steinhardt & Dolbier, 2008) and may make use of problematic means of coping such as binge drinking, drug abuse, and suicide attempts (CSCMH, 2009; Grayson & Meilman, 2006;…”
Background
Resilience as a Psychopathological Construct for Psychiatric Disorders
Shrivastava, A., Sousa, A. D., & Lodha, P. (2019) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9721-0_23 · Cited by 11
Mastering team crises: a play-oriented approach to foster resilience capabilities in student teams
Duchek, S., Geithner, S., & Roth, T. (2021) · Teaching in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/13562517.2021.1943652 · Cited by 13
“For example, various quantitative studies dealt with the question of whether resilience programs can in ﬂ uence the personal resilience of students (e.g. Herrero et al. 2019; Galante et al. 2018; Steinhardt and Dolbier 2008).”
Background
Development and Effects of a Resilience Training Program for Nurses
Choi, M., & Kim, M. (2016) · Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration · doi:10.11111/jkana.2016.22.4.373 · Cited by 11
“대학생에게 적응유연성 프로그램을 적용한 후 스트레스가 감 소한 연구[22,28,29] 등과 일치하였다.”
Influential
Trajectories of Resilience in University Inductees following Outdoor Adventure (OA) Residential Programmes
Allan, J. F., & McKenna, J. (2022) · Psychiatry International · doi:10.3390/psychiatryint3010007 · Cited by 11
How Interpersonal Sensitivity Affects Depression Under the COVID-19 Lockdown Among College Students in South China: A Moderated Mediation Model
Zhang, Y., & Sun, Q. (2023) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s407430 · Cited by 9
“Similarly, researchers have proposed that high resilience acts as a protective factor for depression and a positive factor that reduces the likelihood of adverse mental health outcomes.(55) Moreover, resilience framework theory also supports the mediating effect of resilience by introducing a close causal relationship…”
Background
Trait coping styles and the maternal neural and behavioral sensitivity to an infant
Kim, P., Grande, L. A., Dufford, A. J., Erhart, A., Tribble, R. C., & YEH, T. P. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-18339-w · Cited by 11

Authors: Steinhardt, M., & Dolbier, C.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at Austin (US)
East Carolina University (US)
ORCID: Steinhardt, Mary
Dolbier, Christyn
Venue: Journal of American College Health
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2008-01
Volume: 56
Issue: 4
Pages: 445-453
ISSN: 0164-4300 (ISSN-L)
0744-8481
1940-3208
DOI: 10.3200/jach.56.44.445-454
OpenAlex: W1966828258
Cited by: 759
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 25.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of American College Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Texas at Austin
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
Keywords: resilience interventions, coping strategies, protective factors, academic stress, university students, psychoeducational intervention, stress management, stress prevention, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, self-esteem, self-leadership, positive affect, avoidance coping
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Depression, Female, Health Education, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Stress, Psychological

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Evaluation of a Resilience Intervention to Enhance Coping Strategies and Protective Factors and Decrease Symptomatology

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