New Molecular Targets and Lifestyle Interventions to Delay Aging Sarcopenia

Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis

Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Baeyens, J. P., Bauer, J. M., Boirie, Y., Cederholm, T., Landi, F., Martin, F. C., Michel, J.-P., Rolland, Y., Schneider, S. M., et al. (2010) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afq034 · Cited by 11,601 · see citing works

A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis

Boström, P., Wu, J., Jedrychowski, M. P., Korde, A., Ye, L., Lo, J. C., Rasbach, K. A., Boström, E. A., Choi, J. H., Long, J. Z., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10777 · Cited by 4,810 · see citing works

In silico analysis enabling informed design for genome editing in medicinal cannabis; gene families and variant characterisation

Calamita, E., Schmid, M., Kunz, M., Ndebele-Murisa, M. R., Magadza, C. H. D., Nyambe, I., & Wehrli, B. (2019) · Figshare · doi:10.26181/6153922fe919c · Cited by 4,222 · see citing works

Consensus definition of sarcopenia, cachexia and pre-cachexia: joint document elaborated by Special Interest Groups (SIG) “cachexia-anorexia in chronic wasting diseases” and “nutrition in geriatrics”

Muscaritoli, M., Anker, S. D., Argilés, J., Aversa, Z., Bauer, J. M., Biolo, G., Boirie, Y., Bosaeus, I., Cederholm, T., Costelli, P., et al. (2010) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2009.12.004 · Cited by 1,732 · see citing works

High-Intensity Strength Training in Nonagenarians: Effects on Skeletal Muscle

Fiatarone, M. A. (1990) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1990.03440220053029 · Cited by 1,593 · cited 2× · see citing works

Declining NAD+ Induces a Pseudohypoxic State Disrupting Nuclear-Mitochondrial Communication during Aging

Gomes, A. P., Price, N. L., Ling, A. J. Y., Moslehi, J. J., Montgomery, M. K., Rajman, L., White, J. P., Teodoro, J. S., Wrann, C. D., Hubbard, B. P., et al. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.037 · Cited by 1,482 · see citing works

Autophagy is required to maintain muscle mass.

Masiero, E., Agatea, L., Mammucari, C., Blaauw, B., Loro, E., Komatsu, M., Metzger, D., Reggiani, C., Schiaffino, S., & Sandri, M. (2009) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2009.10.008 · Cited by 1,282 · see citing works

Progressive resistance strength training for improving physical function in older adults

Liu, C.-J., & Latham, N. K. (2009) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002759.pub2 · Cited by 1,258 · see citing works

Sarcopenia with limited mobility: an international consensus

Morley, J. E., Abbatecola, A. M., Argiles, J. M., Baracos, V., Bauer, J., Bhasin, S., Cederholm, T., Stewart Coats, A. J., Cummings, S. R., Evans, W. J., et al. (2011) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2011.04.014 · Cited by 1,125 · see citing works

Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases

Kalyani, R. R., Corriere, M., & Ferrucci, L. (2014) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(14)70034-8 · Cited by 1,102 · see citing works

Geriatric muscle stem cells switch reversible quiescence into senescence

Sousa-Victor, P., Gutarra, S., García-Prat, L., Rodriguez-Ubreva, J., Ortet, L., Ruiz-Bonilla, V., Jardí, M., Ballestar, E., González, S., Serrano, A. L., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13013 · Cited by 1,010 · see citing works

Sarcopenia

Morley, J. E., Baumgartner, R., Roubenoff, R., Mayer, J., & Nair, K. S. (2001) · Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine · doi:10.1067/mlc.2001.113504 · Cited by 938 · see citing works

Irisin and FGF21 are cold-induced endocrine activators of brown fat function in humans

Lee, P., Linderman, J. D., Smith, S., Brychta, R. J., Wang, J., Idelson, C., Perron, R. M., Werner, C. D., Phan, G. Q., Kammula, U. S., et al. (2014) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.12.017 · Cited by 802 · see citing works

Exercise is the real polypill.

Fiuza-Luces, C., Garatachea, N., Berger, N. A., & Lucia, A. (2013) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiol.00019.2013 · Cited by 791 · see citing works

FGF21 induces PGC-1α and regulates carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism during the adaptive starvation response

Potthoff, M. J., Inagaki, T., Satapati, S., Ding, X., He, T., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Finck, B. N., Mangelsdorf, D. J., Kliewer, S. A., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0904187106 · Cited by 704 · see citing works

Is the oxidative stress theory of aging dead?

Pérez, V. I., Bokov, A., Remmen, H. V., Mele, J., Ran, Q., Ikeno, Y., & Richardson, A. (2009) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.06.003 · Cited by 604 · see citing works

Regulation of muscle growth by multiple ligands signaling through activin type II receptors

Lee, S.-J., Reed, L. A., Davies, M. V., Girgenrath, S., Goad, M. E. P., Tomkinson, K. N., Wright, J. F., Barker, C., Ehrmantraut, G., Holmstrom, J., et al. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0505996102 · Cited by 501 · see citing works

Can autophagy promote longevity?

Madeo, F., Tavernarakis, N., & Kroemer, G. (2010) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb0910-842 · Cited by 429 · see citing works

Skeletal muscle autophagy and apoptosis during aging: Effects of calorie restriction and life-long exercise

Wohlgemuth, S. E., Seo, A. Y., Marzetti, E., Lees, H. A., & Leeuwenburgh, C. (2010) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2009.11.002 · Cited by 397 · see citing works

Sarcopenia and Mortality among Older Nursing Home Residents

Landi, F., Liperoti, R., Fusco, D., Mastropaolo, S., Quattrociocchi, D., Proia, A., Tosato, M., Bernabei, R., & Onder, G. (2012) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2011.07.004 · Cited by 344 · cited 3× · see citing works

Signalling pathways regulating muscle mass in ageing skeletal muscle. The role of the IGF1-Akt-mTOR-FoxO pathway

Sandri, M., Barberi, L., Bijlsma, A. Y., Blaauw, B., Dyar, K. A., Milan, G., Mammucari, C., Meskers, C. G. M., Pallafacchina, G., Paoli, A., et al. (2013) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1007/s10522-013-9432-9 · Cited by 340 · see citing works

Sestrins Orchestrate Cellular Metabolism to Attenuate Aging

Lee, J. H., Budanov, A. V., & Karin, M. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.08.018 · Cited by 339 · see citing works

Acute Exercise Induces FGF21 Expression in Mice and in Healthy Humans

Kim, K. H., Kim, S. H., Min, Y.-K., Yang, H.-M., Lee, J.-B., & Lee, M.-S. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063517 · Cited by 290 · see citing works

The Free Radical Theory of Aging Is Dead. Long Live the Damage Theory!

Gladyshev, V. N. (2013) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5228 · Cited by 281 · see citing works

Skeletal muscle autophagy: a new metabolic regulator

Neel, B. A., Lin, Y., & Pessin, J. E. (2013) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2013.09.004 · Cited by 178 · see citing works

Consensus on Cachexia Definitions

Argilés, J. M. A., Anker, S. D., Evans, W. J., Morley, J. E., Fearon, K., Strasser, F., Muscaritoli, M., & Baracos, V. E. (2010) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2010.02.004 · Cited by 174 · see citing works

Lifestyle impacts on the aging-associated expression of biomarkers of DNA damage and telomere dysfunction in human blood

Song, Z., Von Figura, G., Liu, Y., Kraus, J. M., Torrice, C., Dillon, P., Rudolph‐Watabe, M., Ju, Z., Kestler, H. A., Sanoff, H., et al. (2010) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/j.1474-9726.2010.00583.x · Cited by 163 · see citing works

Dysregulation of mitochondrial quality control processes contribute to sarcopenia in a mouse model of premature aging.

Joseph, A.-M., Adhihetty, P. J., Wawrzyniak, N. R., Wohlgemuth, S. E., Picca, A., Kujoth, G. C., Prolla, T. A., & Leeuwenburgh, C. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069327 · Cited by 161 · see citing works

Age associated low mitochondrial biogenesis may be explained by lack of response of PGC-1α to exercise training

Derbré, F., Gómez‐Cabrera, M. C., Nascimento, A. L. R., Sanchis‐Gomar, F., Martinez-Bello, V. E., Tresguerres, J. A. F., Fuentes, T., Gratas‐Delamarche, A., Monsalve, M., & Viña, J. (2011) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-011-9264-y · Cited by 129 · see citing works

Modulation of age-induced apoptotic signaling and cellular remodeling by exercise and calorie restriction in skeletal muscle

Marzetti, E., Lawler, J. M., Hiona, A., Manini, T., Seo, A. Y., & Leeuwenburgh, C. (2008) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.05.028 · Cited by 113 · see citing works

Regulation of GDF-11 and myostatin activity by GASP-1 and GASP-2

Lee, Y., & Lee, S. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1309907110 · Cited by 99 · see citing works

Serum Irisin Levels, Precocious Myocardial Infarction, and Healthy Exceptional Longevity

Emanuele, E., Minoretti, P., Pareja-Galeano, H., Sanchis‐Gomar, F., Garatachea, N., & Lucía, A. (2014) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.04.025 · Cited by 93 · see citing works

The p38–PGC-1α–irisin–betatrophin axis

Sanchis‐Gomar, F., & Pérez-Quilis, C. (2013) · Adipocyte · doi:10.4161/adip.27370 · Cited by 92 · see citing works

Autophagy induction extends lifespan and reduces lipid content in response to frataxin silencing in C. elegans

Schiavi, A., Torgovnick, A., Kell, A. M., Megalou, E. V., Castelein, N., Guccini, I., Marzocchella, L., Gelino, S., Hansen, M., Malisan, F., et al. (2012) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2012.12.002 · Cited by 75 · see citing works

NAD+ Deficiency in Age-Related Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Prolla, T. A., & Denu, J. M. (2014) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.01.005 · Cited by 55 · see citing works

Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion in Human Diseases

Sanchis‐Gomar, F., & Derbré, F. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc1316254 · Cited by 53 · see citing works

Sarcopenia: A Novel Clinical Condition or Still a Matter for Research?

Cesari, M., & Vellas, B. J. (2012) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2012.07.020 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

A quantitative model for age-dependent expression of the p16INK4a tumor suppressor

Tsygankov, D., Liu, Y., Sanoff, H. K., Sharpless, N. E., & Elston, T. C. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0904405106 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Sestrins: Novel antioxidant and AMPK‐modulating functions regulated by exercise?

Sanchis‐Gomar, F. (2013) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.24338 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

The loss of muscle mass and sarcopenia: Non hormonal intervention

Sanchis‐Gomar, F., Gómez‐Cabrera, M. C., & Viña, J. (2011) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2011.08.012 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Association of the K153R polymorphism in the myostatin gene and extreme longevity

Garatachea, N., Pinós, T., Cámara, Y., Rodríguez‐Romo, G., Emanuele, E., Ricevuti, G., Venturini, L., Santos‐Lozano, A., Santiago, C., Fiuza‐Luces, C., et al. (2013) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-013-9513-3 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

The skeletal muscle-metabolism axis in prostate-cancer therapy.

Sanchis‐Gomar, F. (2012) · PubMed · doi:10.1056/nejmc1211955 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

p16INK4a, NAD + , and Sestrins: New Targets for Combating Aging‐Related Chronic Illness?

Pareja-Galeano, H., Sanchis‐Gomar, F., & Lucía, A. (2014) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.24627 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

The hMTH1 paradox: Antioxidants recommended in cancer?

Sanchis‐Gomar, F., Pareja-Galeano, H., & Lucía, A. (2014) · DNA repair · doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2014.04.010 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Resistance exercise training increases the expression of irisin concomitant with improvement of muscle function in aging mice and humans

Kim, H.-J., So, B., Choi, M., Kang, D., & Song, W. (2015) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2015.07.006 · Cited by 181 · see citing works

Exercise therapy for people with sarcopenic obesity: myokines and adipokines as effective actors

Alizadeh Pahlavani, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.811751 · Cited by 145 · see citing works

Resveratrol and/or exercise training counteract aging-associated decline of physical endurance in aged mice; targeting mitochondrial biogenesis and function

Muhammad, M. H., & Allam, M. M. (2017) · The Journal of Physiological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s12576-017-0582-4 · Cited by 76 · see citing works

Sarcopenia in aging, obesity, and cancer

Ligibel, J. A., Schmitz, K. H., & Berger, N. A. (2020) · Translational Cancer Research · doi:10.21037/tcr-2019-eaoc-05 · Cited by 58 · see citing works

Sarcopenia in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: is it a clinically significant entity?

Fré, C. H. D., Fré, M. A. D., Kwanten, W. J., Op de Beeck, B., Gaal, L. F. V., & Francque, S. (2018) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12776 · Cited by 53 · see citing works

Feasibility of resistance training in adult McArdle patients: clinical outcomes and muscle strength and mass benefits

Santalla, A., Munguía‐Izquierdo, D., Alejo, L. B., Aldazabal, I. P., Díez‐Bermejo, J., Fleck, S. J., Ara, I., & Lucía, A. (2014) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2014.00334 · Cited by 49 · see citing works

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation: A New Therapeutic Option for Chronic Diseases Based on Contraction-Induced Myokine Secretion

Sanchis‐Gomar, F., López‐López, S., Morales, C. R., Maffulli, N., Lippi, G., & Pareja-Galeano, H. (2019) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.01463 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

Resveratrol primes the effects of physical activity in old mice

Rodríguez-Bies, E., Tung, B. T., Navas, P., & López-Lluch, G. (2016) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114516002920 · Cited by 40 · see citing works

Resistance training increases fibroblast growth factor-21 and irisin levels in the skeletal muscle of Zucker diabetic fatty rats

Kim, H.-J., & Song, W. J. (2017) · Physical Activity and Nutrition · doi:10.20463/jenb.2017.0008 · Cited by 37 · see citing works

Exploring cellular senescence in the musculoskeletal system: Any insights for biomarkers discovery?

Gerosa, L., Malvandi, A. M., Malavolta, M., Provinciali, M., & Lombardi, G. (2023) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2023.101943 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Effects of exercise on neuromuscular junction components across age: systematic review of animal experimental studies

Neto, W. K., Ciena, A. P., Anaruma, C. A., de Souza, R. R., & Gama, E. F. (2015) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1644-4 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

New insights about the putative role of myokines in the context of cardiac rehabilitation and secondary cardiovascular prevention

Raimondo, D. D., Miceli, G., Musiari, G., Tuttolomondo, M., & Pinto, A. V. (2017) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm.2017.07.30 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Exerkines and Sarcopenia: Unveiling the Mechanism Behind Exercise-Induced Mitochondrial Homeostasis

Wang, J., Jia, D., Zhang, Z., & Wang, D. (2025) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo15010059 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction (TRF) Treatment Promotes Proliferation Capacity of Stress-Induced Premature Senescence Myoblasts and Modulates the Renewal of Satellite Cells: Microarray Analysis

Lim, J. J., Zurinah, W., Mouly, V., & Karim, N. A. (2019) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2019/9141343 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Effects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on sarcopenia: evidence from genetic methods

Yuan, J., Zhang, J., Luo, Q., & Peng, L. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-53112-1 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

From Sarcopenia to Frailty: The Pathophysiological Basis and Potential Target Molecules of Intervention

Yu, Z., Ruan, Q., D’Onofrio, G., & Greco, A. (2017) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.69639 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Editorial: Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Sarcopenia in Aging and in Muscular Dystrophy: A Translational Approach

Merlini, L., Bonaldo, P., & Marzetti, E. (2015) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2015.00153 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

iPSCs-based anti-aging therapies: Recent discoveries and future challenges

Pareja-Galeano, H., Sanchis‐Gomar, F., Pérez, L. M., Emanuele, E., Lucía, A., Gálvez, B. G., & Gallardo, M. E. (2016) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2016.02.007 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

A review of omics studies in sarcopenia: from molecular mechanisms to hepatic-gut-muscle interactions in chronic liver disease comorbidity

Xue, X., Xu, J., Wang, H., Wang, K., Chen, Y., Xu, Y., Que, S., & Liu, Z. (2026) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2025.1710582 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome

Krentz, A. J., & Scuteri, A. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118954621.ch15 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

IPSCs, a Promising Tool to Restore Muscle Atrophy

Pareja-Galeano, H., Sanchis‐Gomar, F., Emanuele, E., Gallardo, M. E., & Lucía, A. (2015) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.25114 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Grape juice consumption-induced physical functional performance improvement alone or combined with therapeutic exercise in elderly women

Bassôa, L., Trevizol, L., Fraga, I. B., Martins, N. C., Variani, F., Pochmann, D., Dani, C., & Elsner, V. R. (2019) · Comparative Exercise Physiology · doi:10.3920/cep190027 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Sarcopenia

Gutiérrez‐Robledo, L. M., & Pérez‐Zepeda, M. U. (2017) · doi:10.1093/med/9780198701590.003.0056

Emerging Therapies Targeting Male Reproductive Aging Processes

Iqbal, S., & Khan, U. M. (2025) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1012430

Sarcopenia and Physical Frailty: Two Sides of the Same Coin

Cesari, M., Landi, F., Vellas, B., Bernabei, R., & Marzetti, E. (2014) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2014.00192 · Cited by 468 · see citing works

Intervention Sarcopenia in elderly

Aryana, S. (2019) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.13396.55680

Nutritional interventions in sarcopenia in older adults: a review of the literature

Silva, A. J. A. D. C. E. (2020)

Sarcopenia: Etiology, Nutritional Approaches, and miRNAs

Cannataro, R., Carbone, L., Petro, J. L., Cione, E., Vargas-Molina, S., Romero, H. M. A., Forero, D. A., Odriozola-Martínez, A., Kreider, R. B., & Bonilla, D. A. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22189724 · Cited by 167 · see citing works

Nutrition, sarcopenia and oxi-inflammaging

Bondi, D. (2023) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.20185.70247