Intrusive Mental Imagery in Psychological Disorders: Is the Self the Key to Understanding Maintenance?
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OPINION article Front. Psychiatry, 17 July 2015Sec. Mood Disorders Volume 6 - 2015 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00103
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Distressing images of threat related to the future or past may maintain anxiety symptomatology or impede exposure therapy.
“Distressing images of threat related to the future or past may maintain the anxiety symptomatology or impede exposure therapy.”
From Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy or supportive counseling prior to exposure therapy in patients with panic disorder: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial (IMPROVE) (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
The Role of Images in Disorder Onset and Maintenance section says intrusive images may maintain disorders through anxiety, avoidance, and safety behaviors. The Origin of Intrusive Images section describes images linked to past experiences and imagined future events. The paper does not say that such images impede exposure therapy, and its example of future imagery concerns depression rather than anxiety. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAnxiety patients often report vivid and distressing mental images of threat related to past aversive events or anticipated future threat.
“previous research showed that anxiety patients often report vivid and distressing mental images of threat [23, 24], related to past aversive events (“flash-backs”) or, likely more importantly, anticipated future threat (i.e., “flash-forwards”) [25, 26].”
From Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy or supportive counseling prior to exposure therapy in patients with panic disorder: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial (IMPROVE) (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
The Characteristics and Origin of Intrusive Images sections describe vivid, distressing images linked to feared outcomes and past adverse experiences in several anxiety disorders. The paper’s explicit example of a future-oriented “flash-forward” concerns depression, however; it does not establish that anticipated future threats are more important than past events for anxiety patients. It also notes that images can be brief and infrequent in generalized anxiety disorder. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Çili, S., & Stopa, L.
- Affiliations
- University of the Arts London (GB)
- University of Southampton (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Çili, Soljana
- ORCID
- Çili, Soljana
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2015-07-17
- Volume
- 6
- Pages
- 103-103
- ISSN
- 1664-0640 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4505071
- OpenAlex
- W1526324506
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 0.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- University of Southampton
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- mental illness, self, intrusive thoughts, mood disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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