Cited by 267Selenium in Biological SystemsOrganoselenium and organotellurium chemistryRedox biology and oxidative stress

Role of Selenoproteins in Redox Regulation of Signaling and the Antioxidant System: A Review

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Zhang, Ying, Roh, Yeon Jin, Han, Seong-Jeong, Park, Iha, Lee, Hae Min, Ok, Yong Sik, Lee, Byung Cheon, Lee, Seung-Rock·2020·Antioxidants

Abstract

Selenium is a vital trace element present as selenocysteine (Sec) in proteins that are, thus, known as selenoproteins. Humans have 25 selenoproteins, most of which are functionally characterized as oxidoreductases, where the Sec residue plays a catalytic role in redox regulation and antioxidant activity. Glutathione peroxidase plays a pivotal role in scavenging and inactivating hydrogen and lipid peroxides, whereas thioredoxin reductase reduces oxidized thioredoxins as well as non-disulfide substrates, such as lipid hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide. Selenoprotein R protects the cell against oxidative damage by reducing methionine-R-sulfoxide back to methionine. Selenoprotein O regulates redox homeostasis with catalytic activity of protein AMPylation. Moreover, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane selenoproteins (SelI, K, N, S, and Sel15) are involved in ER membrane stress regulation. Selenoproteins containing the CXXU motif (SelH, M, T, V, and W) are putative oxidoreductases that participate in various cellular processes depending on redox regulation. Herein, we review the recent studies on the role of selenoproteins in redox regulation and their physiological functions in humans, as well as their role in various diseases.

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Authors
Zhang, Y., Roh, Y. J., Han, S.-J., Park, I., Lee, H. M., Ok, Y. S., Lee, B. C., & Lee, S.-R.
Affiliations
  • Chonnam National University (KR)
  • Korea University (KR)
  • COTDE Inc. 19-3, Ugakgol-gil, Susin-myeon, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 330-882, Korea
Corresponding author
  • Lee, Byung Cheon
  • Lee, Seung-Rock
Venue
Antioxidants
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-05-05
Volume
9
Issue
5
Pages
383
ISSN
2076-3921 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3022351363
Cited by
267
References
162
Citations by year
2026: 52 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 9
FWCI
3.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Antioxidants (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Research Foundation of Korea (2018R1D1A1B06051438, 2018M3A9F3055925, 2018R1A1A1A05079386)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Selenium in Biological Systems
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Organoselenium and organotellurium chemistry
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Keywords
selenoproteins, selenocysteine, redox regulation, antioxidant defense, glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxin reductase, oxidative enzymes, redox homeostasis, oxidative stress

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