Cited by 115Cancer-related Molecular PathwaysPI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancerCancer Mechanisms and Therapy

Drugs Targeting p53 Mutations with FDA Approval and in Clinical Trials

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Nishikawa, Shigeto, Iwakuma, Tomoo·2023·Cancers

Abstract

Mutations in the tumor suppressor p53 (p53) promote cancer progression. This is mainly due to loss of function (LOS) as a tumor suppressor, dominant-negative (DN) activities of missense mutant p53 (mutp53) over wild-type p53 (wtp53), and wtp53-independent oncogenic activities of missense mutp53 by interacting with other tumor suppressors or oncogenes (gain of function: GOF). Since p53 mutations occur in ~50% of human cancers and rarely occur in normal tissues, p53 mutations are cancer-specific and ideal therapeutic targets. Approaches to target p53 mutations include (1) restoration or stabilization of wtp53 conformation from missense mutp53, (2) rescue of p53 nonsense mutations, (3) depletion or degradation of mutp53 proteins, and (4) induction of p53 synthetic lethality or targeting of vulnerabilities imposed by p53 mutations (enhanced YAP/TAZ activities) or deletions (hyperactivated retrotransposons). This review article focuses on clinically available FDA-approved drugs and drugs in clinical trials that target p53 mutations and summarizes their mechanisms of action and activities to suppress cancer progression.

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Crossref · 10.3390/cancers15020429

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  • Potential agents in development for mTP53 MDS/AML exploit diverse mechanisms of action including variant-specific reactivators, agents that induce p53 synthetic lethality, and/or agents targeting vulnerabilities imposed by p53 mutations.

    “Potential agents in development for mTP53 MDS/AML exploit diverse mechanisms of action including variant‐specific reactivators (e.g., the Y220C reactivator rezatapopt), agents that can induce p53 synthetic lethality, and/or agents targeting vulnerabilities imposed by p53 mutations.”

    From Long‐term follow‐up and combined Phase 2 results of eprenetapopt and azacitidine in patients with <i>TP53</i> mutant MDS/AML (2025) · cites this paper as [53]

    The Introduction and §2.3 describe p53 reactivation, synthetic lethality, and targeting vulnerabilities imposed by p53 mutations; §2.1 reports APR-246 trials in TP53-mutated MDS/AML. But the paper does not establish that all these approaches are in development specifically for MDS/AML, and its discussion of a Y220C-specific compound names JC744, not rezatapopt. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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Authors
Nishikawa, S., & Iwakuma, T.
Affiliations
Children’s Mercy Research Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Iwakuma, Tomoo
Venue
Cancers
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-01-09
Volume
15
Issue
2
Pages
429
ISSN
2072-6694 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4313897948
Cited by
115
References
164
Citations by year
2026: 23 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 13
FWCI
3.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cancers (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • NIH (R01 CA214916)
  • Braden’s Hope For Childhood Cancer (R01 CA214916)
  • Masonic Cancer Alliance (R01 CA214916)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
Keywords
TP53 mutation, dominant-negative p53, gain-of-function p53, p53 degradation, synthetic lethality, YAP/TAZ, retrotransposons, FDA-approved drugs, clinical trials, cancer therapy

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