Gut-liver axis, gut microbiota, and its modulation in the management of liver diseases: A review of the literature
Open accessAbstract
The rapid scientific interest in gut microbiota (GM) has coincided with a global increase in the prevalence of infectious and non-infectivous liver diseases. GM, which is also called "the new virtual metabolic organ", makes axis with a number of extraintestinal organs, such as kidneys, brain, cardiovascular, and the bone system. The gut-liver axis has attracted greater attention in recent years. GM communication is bi-directional and involves endocrine and immunological mechanisms. In this way, gut-dysbiosis and composition of "ancient" microbiota could be linked to pathogenesis of numerous chronic liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), development of liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this paper, we discuss the current evidence supporting a GM role in the management of different chronic liver diseases and potential new therapeutic GM targets, like fecal transplantation, antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics. We conclude that population-level shifts in GM could play a regulatory role in the gut-liver axis and, consequently, etiopathogenesis of chronic liver diseases. This could have a positive impact on future therapeutic strategies.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
GI microbiota dysbiosis through gut-liver axis drives progression toward severe forms of liver failure, including inflammation and pathogenic metabolite accumulation associated with chronic hepatitis B.
“GI microbiota dysbiosis, through the gut-liver axis (Milosevic et al., 2019), has been shown to drive the progression toward severe forms of liver failure, including inflammation and pathogenic metabolite accumulation associated with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (Wang J. et al., 2017).”
From Viral Infections, the Microbiome, and Probiotics (2021) · cites this paper as Milosevic et al., 2019
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Changes of Intestinal Functions in Liver Cirrhosis
Fukui, H., & Wiest, R. (2016) · Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases · doi:10.1159/000444436 · Cited by 6,820 · see citing works
The gut flora as a forgotten organ
O'Hara, A. M., & Shanahan, F. (2006) · The EMBO Reports · doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400731 · Cited by 2,791 · see citing works
Cani, P. D., Possemiers, S., Van de Wiele, T., Guiot, Y., Everard, A., Rottier, O., Geurts, L., Naslain, D., Neyrinck, A., Lambert, D. M., et al. (2009) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2008.165886 · Cited by 2,518 · see citing works
Obesity-induced gut microbial metabolite promotes liver cancer through senescence secretome
Yoshimoto, S., Loo, T. M., Atarashi, K., Kanda, H., Sato, S., Oyadomari, S., Iwakura, Y., Oshima, K., Morita, H., Hattori, M., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12347 · Cited by 2,219 · see citing works
Alterations of the human gut microbiome in liver cirrhosis
Qin, N., Yang, F., Li, A., Prifti, E., Chen, Y., Shao, L., Guo, J., Le Chatelier, E., Yao, J., Wu, L., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13568 · Cited by 2,177 · see citing works
A regulatory cascade of the nuclear receptors FXR, SHP-1, and LRH-1 represses bile acid biosynthesis
Goodwin, B., Jones, S. A., Price, R. R., Watson, M. A., McKee, D. D., Moore, L. B., Galardi, C., Wilson, J. G., Lewis, M. C., Roth, M. E., et al. (2000) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)00051-4 · Cited by 1,940 · see citing works
Targeted Disruption of the Nuclear Receptor FXR/BAR Impairs Bile Acid and Lipid Homeostasis
Sinal, C. J., Tohkin, M., Miyata, M., Ward, J. M., Lambert, G., & Gonzalez, F. J. (2000) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)00062-3 · Cited by 1,819 · see citing works
Chalasani, N., Younossi, Z. M., Lavine, J. E., Diehl, A. M., Brunt, E. M., Cusi, K. J., Charlton, M., & Sanyal, A. J. (2012) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.04.001 · Cited by 1,770 · see citing works
Epidemiology and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Kulik, L., & El‐Serag, H. B. (2018) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.08.065 · Cited by 1,738 · see citing works
Zhu, L., Baker, S. S., Gill, C., Liu, W., Alkhouri, R., Baker, R. D., & Gill, S. R. (2013) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.26093 · Cited by 1,708 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Endogenous ethanol serum concentrations are significantly higher in patients with NASH compared to obese or healthy controls [41].”
BackgroundPromotion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by the Intestinal Microbiota and TLR4
Dapito, D. H., Mencin, A., Gwak, G.-Y., Pradere, J.-P., Jang, M.-K., Mederacke, I., Caviglia, J. M., Khiabanian, H., Adeyemi, A., Bataller, R., et al. (2012) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.007 · Cited by 1,346 · see citing works
Regulation of antibacterial defense in the small intestine by the nuclear bile acid receptor
Inagaki, T., Moschetta, A., Lee, Y.-K., Peng, L., Zhao, G., Downes, M., Yu, R. T., Shelton, J. M., Richardson, J. A., Repa, J. J., et al. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0509592103 · Cited by 1,164 · see citing works
The Human Gut Microbiome – A Potential Controller of Wellness and Disease
Kho, Z. Y., & Lal, S. K. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01835 · Cited by 1,116 · see citing works
Altered profile of human gut microbiome is associated with cirrhosis and its complications
Bajaj, J. S., Heuman, D. M., Hylemon, P. B., Sanyal, A. J., White, M. B., Monteith, P., Noble, N. A., Unser, A. B., Daita, K., Fisher, A. R., et al. (2014) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2013.12.019 · Cited by 1,099 · see citing works
Characterization of fecal microbial communities in patients with liver cirrhosis
Chen, Y., Yang, F., Lu, H., Wang, B., Chen, Y., Lei, D., Wang, Y., Zhu, B., & Li, L. (2011) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.24423 · Cited by 1,038 · see citing works
Chávez-Talavera, O., Tailleux, A., Lefebvre, P., & Staels, B. (2017) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.055 · Cited by 970 · see citing works
Li, Z., Yang, S., Lin, H., Huang, J., Watkins, P. A., Moser, A. B., Desimone, C., Song, X.-Y., & Diehl, A. M. (2003) · Hepatology · doi:10.1053/jhep.2003.50048 · Cited by 930 · see citing works
Towards the human intestinal microbiota phylogenetic core
Tap, J., Mondot, S., Levenez, F., Pelletier, E., Caron, C., Furet, J., Ugarte, E., Muñoz‐Tamayo, R., Paslier, D. L. E., Nalin, R., et al. (2009) · Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01982.x · Cited by 927 · see citing works
Modulation of the fecal bile acid profile by gut microbiota in cirrhosis
Kakiyama, G., Pandak, W. M., Gillevet, P. M., Hylemon, P. B., Heuman, D. M., Daita, K., Takei, H., Muto, A., Nittono, H., Ridlon, J. M., et al. (2013) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2013.01.003 · Cited by 782 · see citing works
Gut–Liver Axis in Alcoholic Liver Disease
Szabo, G. (2015) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.10.042 · Cited by 754 · see citing works
Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on the Gut Microbiota
Costantini, L., Molinari, R., Farinon, B., & Merendino, N. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18122645 · Cited by 741 · see citing works
Bajaj, J. S., Kassam, Z., Fagan, A., Gavis, E. A., Liu, E., Cox, I. J., Kheradman, R., Heuman, D. M., Wang, J., Gurry, T., et al. (2017) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29306 · Cited by 637 · see citing works
The Gut Microbiota in the Pathogenesis and Therapeutics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Zuo, T., & Ng, S. C. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02247 · Cited by 590 · see citing works
The changing pattern of epidemiology in hepatocellular carcinoma
Nordenstedt, H., White, D. L., & El‐Serag, H. B. (2010) · Digestive and Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/s1590-8658(10)60507-5 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
The role of Gut Microbiota in the development of obesity and Diabetes
Baothman, O. A. S., Zamzami, M. A., Taher, I., Abubaker, J. A., & Abu‐Farha, M. (2016) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0278-4 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
Dubinkina, V. B., Tyakht, A., Odintsova, V. Y., Yarygin, K. S., Kovarsky, B. A., Pavlenko, A. V., Ischenko, D. S., Popenko, A., Alexeev, D. G., Taraskina, A. Y., et al. (2017) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-017-0359-2 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Bifidobacterium longum with Fructo-Oligosaccharides in Patients with Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
Malaguarnera, M., Vacante, M., Antic, T., Giordano, M., Chisari, G., Acquaviva, R., Mastrojeni, S., Malaguarnera, G., Mistretta, A., Volti, G. L., et al. (2011) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1887-4 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Beneficial Effects of a Probiotic VSL#3 on Parameters of Liver Dysfunction in Chronic Liver Diseases
Loguercio, C., Federico, A., Tuccillo, C., Terracciano, F., D’Auria, M. V., Simone, C. D., & Blanco, C. D. V. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/01.mcg.0000165671.25272.0f · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Million, M., Angelakis, E., Paul, M., Armougom, F., Leibovici, L., & Raoult, D. (2012) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2012.05.007 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Ma, X., Hua, J., & Li, Z. (2008) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2008.05.025 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Younossi, Z. M., Marchesini, G., Cortez‐Pinto, H., & Petta, S. (2018) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000002484 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Pathogenetic mechanisms of hepatic encephalopathy
Häussinger, D., & Schliess, F. (2008) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2007.122176 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
New-found link between microbiota and obesity
Chakraborti, C. K. (2015) · World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology · doi:10.4291/wjgp.v6.i4.110 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Aller, R., de Luis, D. A., Izaola, O., Conde, R., Sagrado, M. G., Primo, D., Fuente, B. D. L., & González‐Gallego, J. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Effects of probiotics on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis
Ma, Y.-Y. (2013) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v19.i40.6911 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Philips, C. A., Pande, A., Shasthry, S. M., Jamwal, K. D., Khillan, V., Chandel, S. S., Kumar, G., Sharma, M. K., Maiwall, R., Jindal, A., et al. (2016) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2016.10.029 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Microbiota-liver axis in hepatic disease
Chassaing, B., Etienne‐Mesmin, L., & Gewirtz, A. T. (2013) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.26494 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Fecal microbiota manipulation prevents dysbiosis and alcohol-induced liver injury in mice
Ferrere, G., Wrzosek, L., Cailleux, F., Turpin, W., Puchois, V., Spatz, M., Ciocan, D. M., Rainteau, D. P., Humbert, L., Hugot, C., et al. (2016) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.11.008 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Stadlbauer, V., Mookerjee, R. P., Hodges, S. J., Wright, G. A. K., Davies, N. A., & Jalan, R. (2008) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2008.02.015 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Alcoholic Liver Disease: The Gut Microbiome and Liver Cross Talk
Hartmann, P., Seebauer, C. T., & Schnabl, B. (2015) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.12704 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Zhang, H.-L., Yu, L.-X., Yang, W., Tang, L., Lin, Y., Wu, H., Zhai, B., Tan, Y.-X., Shan, L., Liu, Q., et al. (2012) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2012.06.011 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Bajaj, J. S., Heuman, D. M., Hylemon, P. B., Sanyal, A. J., Puri, P., Sterling, R. K., Luketic, V. A., Stravitz, R. T., Siddiqui, M. S., Fuchs, M. A., et al. (2014) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.12695 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Velayudham, A., Dolganiuc, A., Ellis, M., Petrášek, J., Kodys, K., Mandrekar, P., & Szabó, G. (2008) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.22711 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Oxidative stress promotes pathologic polyploidization in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Gentric, G., Maillet, V., Paradis, V., Couton, D., L’Hermitte, A., Panasyuk, G., Fromenty, B., Celton-Morizur, S., & Desdouets, C. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci73957 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Probiotics Prevent Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Lunia, M. K., Sharma, B. C., Sharma, P., Sachdeva, S., & Srivastava, S. (2014) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2013.11.006 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Agrawal, A., Sharma, B. C., Sharma, P., & Sarin, S. K. (2012) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2012.113 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Chou, H.-H., Chien, W.-H., Wu, L.-L., Cheng, C.-H., Chung, C.-H., Horng, J.-H., Ni, Y.-H., Tseng, H.-T., Wu, D., Lu, X., et al. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1424775112 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Grąt, M., Wronka, K. M., Krasnodębski, M., Masior, Ł., Lewandowski, Z., Kosińska, I., Grąt, K., Stypułkowski, J., Rejowski, S., Wasilewicz, M. P., et al. (2016) · Transplantation Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.01.077 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Microbiota and Gut–Liver Axis: Their Influences on Obesity and Obesity‐Related Liver Disease
Vajro, P., Paolella, G., & Fasano, A. (2013) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0b013e318284abb5 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Interaction between gut microbiota and toll-like receptor: from immunity to metabolism
Yiu, J. H. C., Dorweiler, B., & Woo, C. W. (2016) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-016-1474-4 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Shukla, S., Shukla, A. K., Mehboob, S., & Guha, S. (2011) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04574.x · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Gut microbiome and kidney disease: a bidirectional relationship
Al Khodor, S., & Shatat, I. F. (2017) · Pediatric Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s00467-016-3392-7 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Epidemiology and natural history of hepatitis C virus infection.
Lee, M., Yang, H., Yuan, Y., L'Italien, G. J., & Chen, C. (2014) · PubMed Central · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i28.9270 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Wang, J., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., Liu, J., Zhang, Q., Zhao, Y., Peng, J., Feng, Q., Dai, J., Sun, S., et al. (2017) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02222 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Gunnarsdóttir, S. A., Sadik, R., Shev, S., Simrén, M., Sjövall, H., Stotzer, P., Abrahamsson, H., Olsson, R., & Bjornsson, E. S. (2003) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07475.x · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Cholankeril, G. T., Patel, R., Khurana, S., & Satapathy, S. K. (2017) · World Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.4254/wjh.v9.i11.533 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Gut microbiota and liver diseases
Minemura, M. (2015) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i6.1691 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Gut Microbiota: Its Role in Hepatic Encephalopathy
Rai, R., Saraswat, V. A., & Dhiman, R. K. (2014) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2014.12.003 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Ren, Y., Ye, Z., Yang, L., Jin, L., Wei, W., Deng, Y., Chen, X., Xiao, C., Yu, X., Xu, H., et al. (2016) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29008 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Gut–Liver Axis: How Do Gut Bacteria Influence the Liver?
Konturek, P. C., Harsch, I. A., Konturek, K., Schink, M., Konturek, T., Neurath, M. F., & Zopf, Y. (2018) · Medical Sciences · doi:10.3390/medsci6030079 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Wei, X., Yan, X., Zou, D., Yang, Z., Wang, X., Liu, W., Wang, S., Li, X., Han, J., Huang, L., et al. (2013) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/1471-230x-13-175 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Probiotics to Adolescents With Obesity
Gøbel, R. J., Larsen, N., Jakobsen, M., Mølgaard, C., & Michaelsen, K. F. (2012) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0b013e318263066c · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Gut microbiome alterations in patients with stage 4 hepatitis C
Mahmoud, A., Adel, A., EL-Gendy, A. O., Essam, T. M., & Aziz, R. K. (2016) · Gut Pathogens · doi:10.1186/s13099-016-0124-2 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Gut–Liver Axis Derangement in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Poeta, M., Pierri, L., & Vajro, P. (2017) · Children · doi:10.3390/children4080066 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Adawi, D., Kasravi, F. B., Molin, G., & Jeppsson, B. W. (1997) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.510250325 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Chronic Ethanol Consumption Alters Mammalian Gastrointestinal Content Metabolites
Xie, G., Zhong, W., Zheng, X.-J., Li, Q., Qiu, Y.-P., Li, H., Chen, H., Zhou, Z.-X., & Jia, W. (2013) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/pr400362z · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Deep sequencing reveals microbiota dysbiosis of tongue coat in patients with liver carcinoma
Lu, H., Ren, Z., Li, A., Zhang, H., Jiang, J., Xu, S., Luo, Q., Zhou, K., Sun, X., Zheng, S., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep33142 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Tarantino, G., & Finelli, C. (2015) · Future Microbiology · doi:10.2217/fmb.15.13 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Bajaj, J. S., Idilman, R., Mabudian, L., Hood, M., Fagan, A., Turan, D., White, M. B., Karakaya, F., Wang, J., Atalay, R., et al. (2018) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29791 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Musa‐Veloso, K., Venditti, C. C., Lee, H. Y., Darch, M., Floyd, S., West, S., & Simon, R. R. (2018) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuy022 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Effect of Lactobacillus salivarius Ls-33 on fecal microbiota in obese adolescents
Larsen, N., Vogensen, F. K., Gøbel, R. J., Michaelsen, K. F., Forssten, S. D., Lahtinen, S. J., & Jakobsen, M. (2013) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2013.02.007 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Targeting gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma: probiotics as a novel therapy
Wan, M. L. Y., & El-Nezami, H. S. (2018) · HepatoBiliary Surgery and Nutrition · doi:10.21037/hbsn.2017.12.07 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Probiotics for patients with hepatic encephalopathy
McGee, R., Bakens, A., Wiley, K. E., Riordan, S. M., & Webster, A. C. (2011) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008716.pub2 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Huang, L., Duan, C., Zhao, Y., Gao, L., Niu, C., Xu, J., & Li, S. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0170109 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Wang, W., Zhang, Y., Huang, X., You, N., Zheng, L., & Li, J. (2017) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i38.6983 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Russo, E., Bacci, G., Chiellini, C., Fagorzi, C., Niccolai, E., Taddei, A., Ricci, F., Ringressi, M. N., Borrelli, R., Melli, F., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02699 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationWall, R., Marques, T. M., O’Sullivan, Ó., Ross, R. P., Shanahan, F., Quigley, E. M. M., Dinan, T. G., Kiely, B., Fitzgerald, G. F., Cotter, P. D., et al. (2012) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.026435 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Chang, B., Sang, L.-X., Wang, Y., Tong, J., Zhang, D., & Wang, B. (2013) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/1471-230x-13-151 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Kumar, M., Verma, V., Nagpal, R., et al. (2011) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2011.09.003 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Liver transplant modulates gut microbial dysbiosis and cognitive function in cirrhosis
Bajaj, J. S., Fagan, A., Sikaroodi, M., White, M. B., Sterling, R. K., Gilles, H., Heuman, D. M., Stravitz, R. T., Matherly, S. C., Siddiqui, M. S., et al. (2017) · Liver Transplantation · doi:10.1002/lt.24754 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Socha, P., Horvath, A., Vajro, P., Dziechciarz, P., Dhawan, A. K., & Szajewska, H. (2009) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0b013e31818e04d1 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Tissue-specific function of farnesoid X receptor in liver and intestine
Zhu, Y., Li, F., & Guo, G. L. (2011) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2010.12.018 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Heidrich, B., Vital, M., Plumeier, I., Döscher, N., Kahl, S., Kirschner, J., Ziegert, S., Solbach, P., Lenzen, H., Potthoff, A., et al. (2017) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.13485 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Microbiota, a key player in alcoholic liver disease
Cassard, A.-M., & Ciocan, D. (2018) · Clinical and Molecular Hepatology · doi:10.3350/cmh.2017.0067 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Gut microbiota changes and chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Preveden, T., Scarpellini, E., Milić, N., Luzza, F., & Abenavoli, L. (2017) · Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1080/17474124.2017.1343663 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Robertson, R. C., Kaliannan, K., Strain, C., Ross, R. P., Stanton, C., & Kang, J. X. (2018) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-018-0476-6 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Resource partitioning in relation to cohabitation of Lactobacillus species in the mouse forestomach
Tannock, G. W., Wilson, C. M., Loach, D. M., Cook, G. M., Eason, J. R., O’Toole, P. W., Holtrop, G., & Lawley, B. (2011) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.161 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Chen, L. (2005) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i37.5795 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
SAJJAD, A., Mottershead, M., Syn, W., Jones, R., Smith, S. R., & Nwokolo, C. U. (2005) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02562.x · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Hepatic Manifestation of Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome
Boppidi, H. R. (2008) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.3810/pgm.2008.07.1800 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Gut Microbiota and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Tao, X., Wang, N., & Qin, W. (2015) · Gastrointestinal Tumors · doi:10.1159/000380895 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Younossi, Z. M. (2017) · Liver Transplantation · doi:10.1002/lt.25003 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Role of farnesoid X receptor in inflammation and resolution
Shaik, F. B., Prasad, D. V. R., & Narala, V. R. (2014) · Inflammation Research · doi:10.1007/s00011-014-0780-y · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized trials on probiotics for hepatic encephalopathy
Holte, K., Krag, A. A., & Gluud, L. L. (2012) · Hepatology Research · doi:10.1111/j.1872-034x.2012.01015.x · Cited by 63 · see citing works
HCV eradication does not impact gut dysbiosis or systemic inflammation in cirrhotic patients
Bajaj, J. S., Sterling, R. K., Betrapally, N. S., Nixon, D. E., Fuchs, M., Daita, K., Heuman, D. M., Sikaroodi, M., Hylemon, P. B., White, M. B., et al. (2016) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.13732 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
The Immunologic Role of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection
Yang, R., Yao, X., Dai, Z., Lin, X., & Wang, H. (2018) · Journal of Immunology Research · doi:10.1155/2018/2361963 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
de Oliveira, M. C., Gilglioni, E. H., de Boer, B. A., Runge, J. H., de Waart, D. R., Salgueiro, C. L., Ishii‐Iwamoto, E. L., Elferink, R. P. J. O., & Gaemers, I. C. (2016) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.07.012 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Kang, Y., & Cai, Y. (2017) · Journal of Hospital Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2017.04.007 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
The intestinal microbiome and paediatric liver disease
Leung, D. H., & Yimlamai, D. (2017) · The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30241-2 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Clinical impact of microbiome in patients with decompensated cirrhosis
Oikonomou, T., Papatheodoridis, G., Samarkos, M., Goulis, I., & Cholongitas, Ε. (2018) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v24.i34.3813 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The epidemiology and natural history of hepatitis C virus infection.
Zein, N. N. (2003) · Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine · doi:10.3949/ccjm.70.suppl_4.s2 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Evaluation of bacterial translocation in patients with chronic HCV infection.
Munteanu, D., Negru, A., Radulescu, M. A., Mihăilescu, R., Ss, A., & Aramă, V. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The Role of the Microbiota in the Genesis of Gastrointestinal Cancers
Russo, E., & Amedei, A. (2018) · Frontiers in anti-infective drug discovery · doi:10.2174/9781681085623118070003 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The critical role of gut microbiota in obesity
Cheng, Z., Zhang, L., Yang, L., & Chu, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1025706 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Viral Infections, the Microbiome, and Probiotics
Harper, A., Vijayakumar, V., Ouwehand, A. C., ter Haar, J., Obis, D., Espadaler, J., Binda, S., Desiraju, S., & Day, R. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.596166 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Effect of probiotics on oral candidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mundula, T., Ricci, F., Barbetta, B., Baccini, M., & Amedei, A. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11102449 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationRen, Z., Xu, Y., Li, T., Sun, W., Tang, Z., Wang, Y., Zhou, K., Li, J., Ding, Q., Liang, K., et al. (2022) · Animal Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.009 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
- Authors
- Milosevic, I., Vujovic, A., Barac, A., Djelic, M., Korac, M., Radovanovic Spurnic, A., Gmizic, I., Stevanovic, O., Djordjevic, V., Lekic, N., Russo, E., & Amedei, A.
- Affiliations
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade (RS)
- Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Florence (IT)
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (IT)
- Venue
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-01-17
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 395
- ISSN
- 1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6358912
- OpenAlex
- W2911082440
- Cited by
- 551
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 50 · 2025: 97 · 2024: 96 · 2023: 95 · 2022: 86 · 2021: 71 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 25
- FWCI
- 4.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Florence Research (University of Florence) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (III45005)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- gut-liver axis, gut microbiota, chronic liver disease, gut dysbiosis, chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics, antibiotics, microbiota-targeted therapy
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Disease Susceptibility, Humans, Liver, Liver Diseases, Symbiosis, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Tract, Prebiotics, Dysbiosis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
